Fabrication of gold/silica composite artificial opal by a multiple-step electroplating process

2008 ◽  
pp. n/a-n/a ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenjiang Li ◽  
Fei Xie ◽  
Tan Sun ◽  
Yufeng Liao
Keyword(s):  
Silica Composite ◽  
Artificial Opal ◽  
Electroplating Process ◽  
Multiple Step

Morphology and development of flow-pattern defect with extended nonagitated Secco etching

1994 ◽  
Vol 52 ◽  
pp. 868-869
Author(s):  
Y. Pan
Keyword(s):  
Flow Pattern ◽  
Silicon Crystal ◽  
Gate Oxide ◽  
Crystal Growth Rate ◽  
Etch Depth ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
Etch Pit ◽  
Float Zone ◽  
Atomic Force ◽  
Multiple Step

The D defect, which causes the degradation of gate oxide integrities (GOI), can be revealed by Secco etching as flow pattern defect (FPD) in both float zone (FZ) and Czochralski (Cz) silicon crystal or as crystal originated particles (COP) by a multiple-step SC-1 cleaning process. By decreasing the crystal growth rate or high temperature annealing, the FPD density can be reduced, while the D defectsize increased. During the etching, the FPD surface density and etch pit size (FPD #1) increased withthe etch depth, while the wedge shaped contours do not change their positions and curvatures (FIG.l).In this paper, with atomic force microscopy (AFM), a simple model for FPD morphology by non-crystallographic preferential etching, such as Secco etching, was established.One sample wafer (FPD #2) was Secco etched with surface removed by 4 μm (FIG.2). The cross section view shows the FPD has a circular saucer pit and the wedge contours are actually the side surfaces of a terrace structure with very small slopes. Note that the scale in z direction is purposely enhanced in the AFM images. The pit dimensions are listed in TABLE 1.

Additional notes on the multiple-step drawdown test

1955 ◽  
Author(s):  
N.J. Lusczynski
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Step

Ratcheting testing of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) under multiple-step compression

2018 ◽  
Vol 60 (5) ◽  
pp. 495-500 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Wang ◽  
Xiaotao Zheng ◽  
Linwei Ma ◽  
Wei Lin ◽  
Jiuyang Yu
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Step

THE PREDICTIVE CONTENT OF DISAGGREGATED NORMAL INCOME: An Empirical Study in the JSX

2003 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 363 ◽  
Author(s):  
Slamet Sugiri
Keyword(s):  
Linear Regression ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Stock Exchange ◽  
Manufacturing Firms ◽  
Single Step ◽  
Model Parameters ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Operating Income ◽  
Predictive Content ◽  
Multiple Step

The main objective of this study is to examine a hypothesis that the predictive content of normal income disaggregated into operating income and nonoperating income outperforms that of aggregated normal income in predicting future cash flow. To test the hypothesis, linear regression models are developed. The model parameters are estimated based on fifty-five manufacturing firms listed in the Jakarta Stock Exchange (JSX) up to the end of 1997.This study finds that empirical evidence supports the hypothesis. This evidence supports arguments that, in reporting income from continuing operations, multiple-step approach is preferred to single-step one.

The effect of decationation of hydroxylated HNaY zeolites on their interaction with ethylene and propylene. hydrogen complexes, oligomeration and isotope exchange

1980 ◽  
Vol 45 (11) ◽  
pp. 3101-3115 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ludmila Kubelková ◽  
Jana Nováková ◽  
Zdeněk Dolejšek ◽  
Pavel Jírů
Keyword(s):  
Isotope Exchange ◽  
Decisive Role ◽  
Single Step ◽  
Hydroxyl Groups ◽  
Isotope Exchange Reaction ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Step Mechanism ◽  
Formed Hydrogen ◽  
Lower Basicity ◽  
Multiple Step

The effect of decationation on the interaction of propylene and ethylene with the hydroxylated forms of HNaY zeolites has been studied. The compounds formed in the zeolite cavities were studied using their infrared spectra, the composition of the gaseous phase was followed by mass spectrometry. The results showed that among factors affecting the interaction with propylene properties of hydroxyl groups play the decisive role. With the increasing decationation of the zeolite the strength of the OH bond in the hydrogen complex of the large-cavity hydroxyls with propylene decreased and the rate of propylene oligomeration at 310 K as well as the isotope exchange rate of propylene-d6 with the zeolite hydroxyls at 570 K increased. The propylene isotope exchange reaction proceeded by the multiple-step mechanism. In the case of ethylene only the physical sorption with a non-specific character was observed at 310 K. The adsorbed amount increased with the increasing content of Na+ ions in the zeolite (with the decreasing decationation). A part of the adsorbed molecules formed hydrogen complexes with hydroxyls of large cavities. The observed lower weakening of the OH bond was in agreement with the lower basicity of ethylene if compared with propylene. The isotope exchange of ethylene-d4 with the zeolite hydroxyls proceeded by a single-step mechanism, it had an autocatalytic character and its rate was 70 times lower than that of the isotope exchange of propylene-d6 with OH.

scholarly journals Evolution of breeding plumages in birds: A multiple‐step pathway to seasonal dichromatism in New World warblers (Aves: Parulidae)

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (17) ◽  
pp. 9223-9239
Author(s):  
Ryan S. Terrill ◽  
Glenn F. Seeholzer ◽  
Jared D. Wolfe
Keyword(s):  
New World ◽  
Multiple Step
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