Reversible phosphorylation regulation of NADPH-linked polyol dehydrogenase in the freeze-avoiding gall moth, Epiblema scudderiana: role in glycerol metabolism

2011 ◽  
Vol 77 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helen A. Holden ◽  
Kenneth B. Storey
Keyword(s):  
Glycerol Metabolism ◽  
Reversible Phosphorylation ◽  
Epiblema Scudderiana ◽  
Polyol Dehydrogenase

Enzyme activity profiles in an overwintering population of freeze-avoiding gall moth larvae, Epiblema scudderiana

1994 ◽  
Vol 72 (6) ◽  
pp. 1079-1086 ◽  
Author(s):  
Denis R. Joanisse ◽  
Kenneth B. Storey
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Activity ◽  
Winter Season ◽  
Late Winter ◽  
Hexose Monophosphate ◽  
Hexose Monophosphate Shunt ◽  
Epiblema Scudderiana ◽  
Polyol Dehydrogenase ◽  
Cryoprotectant Synthesis ◽  
Glycerol Synthesis ◽  
Glycerol 3 Phosphate Dehydrogenase

The maximal activities of enzymes of intermediary metabolism, notably glycolysis, the hexose monophosphate shunt, and polyol cryoprotectant synthesis were measured over a winter season in freeze-avoiding larvae of the gall moth Epiblema scudderiana. Dynamic changes in enzyme activities were found to reflect metabolic events associated with different and changing requirements of the larvae for survival as winter progressed and ended. Activities of enzymes associated with the cryoprotectant glycerol indicated two possible pathways for its synthesis: (1) glyceraldehyde-phosphate → glyceraldehyde → glycerol via glyceraldehyde phosphatase and NADPH-linked polyol dehydrogenase, or (2) dihydroxyacetonephosphate → glycerol-3-phosphate → glycerol via glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase and glycerol-3-phosphatase. Glycogen phosphorylase activation in the fall supplied carbon equivalents required for glycerol synthesis from glycogen. Hexose monophosphate shunt enzyme activity was high, reflecting the role of this pathway in supplying NAD(P)H for glycerol synthesis. Spring clearance of glycerol appeared to occur via polyol dehydrogenase and glyceraldehyde kinase. Increasing fructose-bisphosphatase activity into late winter and spring was found to increase the gluconeogenic potential needed for cryoprotectant removal. Increased activity of glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase in the spring, possibly reflecting increased α-glycero-phosphate shuttle activity, may be key to the removal of reducing equivalents generated from glycerol removal.

scholarly journals Kinase FA-mediated regulation of rabbit skeletal muscle protein phosphatase. Reversible phosphorylation of the modulator subunit.

1985 ◽  
Vol 260 (19) ◽  
pp. 10512-10516
Author(s):  
J R Vandenheede ◽  
S D Yang ◽  
W Merlevede ◽  
S Jurgensen ◽  
P B Chock
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Protein Phosphatase ◽  
Muscle Protein ◽  
Rabbit Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Protein ◽  
Reversible Phosphorylation

scholarly journals Butanol Tolerance of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum: A Transcriptome Study

Genes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 181
Author(s):  
Kaloyan Petrov ◽  
Alexander Arsov ◽  
Penka Petrova
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Transcriptional Regulators ◽  
Common Species ◽  
Glycerol Metabolism ◽  
Phosphotransferase System ◽  
Promising Alternative ◽  
Butanol Tolerance ◽  
Polysaccharide Biosynthesis ◽  
Major Factors ◽  
Butanol Stress

Biobutanol is a promising alternative fuel with impaired microbial production thanks to its toxicity. Lactiplantibacillus plantarum (L. plantarum) is among the few bacterial species that can naturally tolerate 3% (v/v) butanol. This study aims to identify the genetic factors involved in the butanol stress response of L. plantarum by comparing the differential gene expression in two strains with very different butanol tolerance: the highly resistant Ym1, and the relatively sensitive 8-1. During butanol stress, a total of 319 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were found in Ym1, and 516 in 8-1. Fifty genes were upregulated and 54 were downregulated in both strains, revealing the common species-specific effects of butanol stress: upregulation of multidrug efflux transporters (SMR, MSF), toxin-antitoxin system, transcriptional regulators (TetR/AcrR, Crp/Fnr, and DeoR/GlpR), Hsp20, and genes involved in polysaccharide biosynthesis. Strong inhibition of the pyrimidine biosynthesis occurred in both strains. However, the strains differed greatly in DEGs responsible for the membrane transport, tryptophan synthesis, glycerol metabolism, tRNAs, and some important transcriptional regulators (Spx, LacI). Uniquely upregulated in the butanol-resistant strain Ym1 were the genes encoding GntR, GroEL, GroES, and foldase PrsA. The phosphoenolpyruvate flux and the phosphotransferase system (PTS) also appear to be major factors in butanol tolerance.

scholarly journals Multi-objective steady-state optimization for a complex bioprocess in glycerol metabolism

2021 ◽  
pp. 100017
Author(s):  
Gongxian Xu ◽  
Yijia Zhang ◽  
Jingshuo Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Steady State ◽  
Glycerol Metabolism ◽  
Multi Objective

scholarly journals Reversible Phosphorylation and Kinase Cascades: the Work of Edwin G. Krebs

2005 ◽  
Vol 280 (43) ◽  
pp. e40-e42
Author(s):  
Nicole Kresge ◽  
Robert D. Simoni ◽  
Robert L. Hill
Keyword(s):  
Reversible Phosphorylation

scholarly journals Phylogenomic Insights into Distribution and Adaptation of Bdellovibrionota in Marine Waters

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 757
Author(s):  
Qing-Mei Li ◽  
Ying-Li Zhou ◽  
Zhan-Fei Wei ◽  
Yong Wang
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Genomics ◽  
Deep Sea ◽  
Binding Protein ◽  
Glycerol Metabolism ◽  
Metabolic Reconstruction ◽  
Type Ii Secretion ◽  
Phylogenetic Groups ◽  
Genes Encoding ◽  
Epipelagic Zone ◽  
Chitin Binding Protein

Bdellovibrionota is composed of obligate predators that can consume some Gram-negative bacteria inhabiting various environments. However, whether genomic traits influence their distribution and marine adaptation remains to be answered. In this study, we performed phylogenomics and comparative genomics studies using 132 Bdellovibrionota genomes along with five metagenome-assembled genomes (MAGs) from deep sea zones. Four phylogenetic groups, Oligoflexia, Bdello-group1, Bdello-group2 and Bacteriovoracia, were revealed by constructing a phylogenetic tree, of which 53.84% of Bdello-group2 and 48.94% of Bacteriovoracia were derived from the ocean. Bacteriovoracia was more prevalent in deep sea zones, whereas Bdello-group2 was largely distributed in the epipelagic zone. Metabolic reconstruction indicated that genes involved in chemotaxis, flagellar (mobility), type II secretion system, ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters and penicillin-binding protein were necessary for the predatory lifestyle of Bdellovibrionota. Genes involved in glycerol metabolism, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) degradation, cell wall recycling and peptide utilization were ubiquitously present in Bdellovibrionota genomes. Comparative genomics between marine and non-marine Bdellovibrionota demonstrated that betaine as an osmoprotectant is probably widely used by marine Bdellovibrionota, and all the marine genomes have a number of genes for adaptation to marine environments. The genes encoding chitinase and chitin-binding protein were identified for the first time in Oligoflexia, which implied that Oligoflexia may prey on a wider spectrum of microbes. This study expands our knowledge on adaption strategies of Bdellovibrionota inhabiting deep seas and the potential usage of Oligoflexia for biological control.

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