Model systems in developmental biology

BioEssays ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 17 (5) ◽  
pp. 451-455 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica A. Bolker
Keyword(s):  
Developmental Biology ◽  
Model Systems

The bryophytes Physcomitrium patens and Marchantia polymorpha as model systems for studying evolutionary cell and developmental biology in plants

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Satoshi Naramoto ◽  
Yuki Hata ◽  
Tomomichi Fujita ◽  
Junko Kyozuka
Keyword(s):  
Developmental Biology ◽  
Cell Division ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Flowering Plants ◽  
Model Systems ◽  
Marchantia Polymorpha ◽  
Special Focus ◽  
Cellular Mechanisms ◽  
Regulatory Pathways ◽  
Biological Studies

Abstract Bryophytes are non-vascular spore-forming plants. Unlike in flowering plants, the gametophyte (haploid) generation of bryophytes dominates the sporophyte (diploid) generation. A comparison of bryophytes with flowering plants allows us to answer some fundamental questions raised in evolutionary cell and developmental biology. The moss Physcomitrium patens was the first bryophyte with a sequenced genome. Many cell and developmental studies have been conducted in this species using gene targeting by homologous recombination. The liverwort Marchantia polymorpha has recently emerged as an excellent model system with low genomic redundancy in most of its regulatory pathways. With the development of molecular genetic tools such as efficient genome editing, both P. patens and M. polymorpha have provided many valuable insights. Here, we review these advances, with a special focus on polarity formation at the cell and tissue levels. We examine current knowledge regarding the cellular mechanisms of polarized cell elongation and cell division, including symmetric and asymmetric cell division. We also examine the role of polar auxin transport in mosses and liverworts. Finally, we discuss the future of evolutionary cell and developmental biological studies in plants.

scholarly journals Annual killifishes as model systems for advancing understanding of evolution and developmental biology

2017 ◽  
Vol 246 (11) ◽  
pp. 778-778
Author(s):  
Jason E. Podrabsky ◽  
María Arezo
Keyword(s):  
Developmental Biology ◽  
Model Systems

scholarly journals The Dynamic 3D Genome in Gametogenesis and Early Embryonic Development

Cells ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (8) ◽  
pp. 788 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li ◽  
An ◽  
Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Developmental Biology ◽  
Embryonic Development ◽  
Research Methods ◽  
Chromatin Structure ◽  
Model Systems ◽  
Early Embryonic Development ◽  
3D Genome ◽  
Input Material ◽  
3D Chromatin Structure ◽  
And Function

During gametogenesis and early embryonic development, the chromatin architecture changes dramatically, and both the transcriptomic and epigenomic landscape are comprehensively reprogrammed. Understanding these processes is the holy grail in developmental biology and a key step towards evolution. The 3D conformation of chromatin plays a central role in the organization and function of nuclei. Recently, the dynamics of chromatin structures have been profiled in many model and non-model systems, from insects to mammals, resulting in an interesting comparison. In this review, we first introduce the research methods of 3D chromatin structure with low-input material suitable for embryonic study. Then, the dynamics of 3D chromatin architectures during gametogenesis and early embryonic development is summarized and compared between species. Finally, we discuss the possible mechanisms for triggering the formation of genome 3D conformation in early development.

Phylogeny, fossils, and model systems in the study of evolutionary developmental biology

2002 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 379-383 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesco Santini ◽  
Edmund J Stellwag
Keyword(s):  
Developmental Biology ◽  
Evolutionary Developmental Biology ◽  
Model Systems

Enriching Undergraduate Entomology Coursework through the Integration of Evolutionary Developmental Biology

2018 ◽  
Vol 80 (8) ◽  
pp. 561-569
Author(s):  
Harald Parzer ◽  
Matthew Stansbury
Keyword(s):  
Developmental Biology ◽  
Sexual Selection ◽  
Adult Development ◽  
Interdisciplinary Approach ◽  
Undergraduate Curriculum ◽  
Evolutionary Developmental Biology ◽  
Model Systems ◽  
Case Vignettes ◽  
Evo Devo

Evolutionary developmental biology (evo-devo) is a recently established discipline that connects evolutionary theory with developmental biology. However, despite evo-devo's integral use of diverse insect taxa as model systems and its interdisciplinary approach, current introductory entomology textbooks fail to fully integrate evo-devo into the undergraduate curriculum. We argue that an evo-devo case-study-based approach, focused on adult development, will not only familiarize students with exciting findings in this field, but will also help them deepen their understanding of basic entomological concepts. After a short background of the most important findings and methods currently used in evo-devo, we outline five case vignettes that span a variety of insect groups and entomological topics, including morphology and sexual selection.

scholarly journals An interview with Celina Juliano

Development ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 147 (17) ◽  
pp. dev195636
Author(s):  
Alex Eve
Keyword(s):  
Developmental Biology ◽  
Assistant Professor ◽  
Model System ◽  
Model Systems ◽  
Early Stages ◽  
Biennial Conference ◽  
Biology Research

Celina Juliano is an Assistant Professor at UC Davis, where she uses Hydra as a model system to understand development and regeneration. She is co-founder of the Cnidarian Model Systems Meeting (Cnidofest) biennial conference and the OpenHydra Hydra resource platform. This year, she was awarded the Elizabeth D. Hay New Investigator award for outstanding developmental biology research during the early stages of her independent career by the Society for Developmental Biology (SDB). Following the virtual SDB 2020 meeting, we met with Celina over Zoom to hear more about her life and career.

scholarly journals Beyond early development: observing zebrafish over 6 weeks with hybrid optical and optoacoustic imaging

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Vetschera ◽  
Benno Koberstein-Schwarz ◽  
Tobias Schmitt-Manderbach ◽  
Christian Dietrich ◽  
Wibke Hellmich ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Developmental Biology ◽  
Fish Growth ◽  
Model Systems ◽  
Cancer Tissue ◽  
Optoacoustic Imaging ◽  
Larval Stages ◽  
Multiple Wavelength ◽  
Highly Sensitive ◽  
Optoacoustic Method ◽  
Conventional Microscopy

AbstractZebrafish animal models have traditionally been used in developmental biology studies but have recently become promising models of cancer, tissue regeneration and metabolic disorders, as well as efficient platforms for functional genomics and phenotype-based drug discovery. Most studies of zebrafish have examined only the embryonic or larval stages of development, yet many questions in developmental biology and biomedicine require analysis of adults, when zebrafish are large and opaque. Conventional microscopy methods are highly sensitive to light scattering and therefore cannot be applied to zebrafish older than a few weeks. We describe a novel multi-modality system that can observe zebrafish from the larval stage to adulthood. Using a hybrid platform for concurrent selective plane illumination microscopy (SPIM) and optoacoustic mesoscopy we show continuous imaging of fish growth over 47 days of development at a similar object size-to-resolution ratio. Using multiple wavelength illumination over the visible and short-wavelength infrared regions, we reveal that the optoacoustic method can follow GFP-based contrast used in SPIM, enabling molecular imaging interrogation in adult fish. Moreover we optoacoustically reveal many other features of zebrafish based on optical contrast not present in SPIM, including contrast from endogenous blood, water and lipids. The hybrid method presented can extend optical imaging to adult zebrafish employed as model systems for studying long-term processes in development, cancer, diabetes and other disorders.

scholarly journals An interview with James Wells

Development ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 148 (13) ◽  
Author(s):  
Seema Grewal
Keyword(s):  
Developmental Biology ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Medical Center ◽  
Model Systems ◽  
Research Career ◽  
Development Team ◽  
Hospital Medical ◽  
Endocrine Organs ◽  
Vertebrate Embryos ◽  
Scientific Officer

ABSTRACT James (Jim) Wells is a Professor in the Division of Developmental Biology at Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, and Chief Scientific Officer of the Center for Stem Cell & Organoid Medicine (CuSTOM) at Cincinnati Children's. Using both vertebrate embryos and human organoids as model systems, Jim's research focuses on the mechanisms by which gastrointestinal and endocrine organs form. Earlier this year, Jim joined the Development team as an Academic Editor. We caught up with Jim to find out more about his research career, the stem cell and organoid fields, and why he decided to get involved with the journal.

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