Author response for "Molecular links between endocrine, nervous and immune system during chronic stress"

Author(s):  
Roberto Zefferino ◽  
Sante Di Gioia ◽  
Massimo Conese

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (5) ◽  
pp. 395-398
Author(s):  
Eduardo Vignoto Fernandes ◽  
Celio Estanislau ◽  
Emerson José Venancio

ABSTRACT The literature presents several instances of interaction between the nervous system (NS) and the immune system (IS). These interactions are promoted by several molecules, such as cytokines and hormones, with modulating action for both the NS and IS. In this sense, the two systems may influence each other: changes in behavior may be accompanied by alterations in the IS (e.g., immunosuppression) and immunological disorders, such as infections, may modulate behavior (e.g., anxiety and depression). Considering that chronic stress, in addition to affecting behavior, also modulates the IS and that there is evidence that moderate intensity physical exercise (PE) protects physical and mental health, the objective of this review is to explore the influence of moderate-intensity PE on behavior and immunity. Level of Evidence V; Expert opinion.



2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roberto Zefferino ◽  
Sante Di Gioia ◽  
Massimo Conese
Keyword(s):  


2013 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ba�hl Sarra ◽  
Dupuis Gilles ◽  
Lorrain Dominique ◽  
Cabana Fran�ois ◽  
Garneau Hugo ◽  
...  


2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna C Geraghty ◽  
Sandra E Muroy ◽  
Sheng Zhao ◽  
George E Bentley ◽  
Lance J Kriegsfeld ◽  
...  


Author(s):  
Sir Peter Gluckman ◽  
Mark Hanson ◽  
Chong Yap Seng ◽  
Anne Bardsley

Acute and/or chronic stress in pregnancy is potentially detrimental to the health of both the mother and the developing fetus. The stress response triggers the release of glucocorticoids, mainly cortisol, into the maternal bloodstream, with subsequent effects on energy metabolism, growth processes, and in the functioning of the immune system and brain. The placenta provides a barrier to natural glucocorticoids, buffering the fetus from minor changes in maternal cortisol levels but can be saturated by high maternal levels of cortisol and under conditions of maternal under-nutrition or compromised placental function. Various outcomes can be affected, including birthweight and infant behaviour. Severe stress is not always easily avoided, but daily stress, and specifically that associated with pregnancy itself, should be minimized as much as possible.



2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Magda Luciana Atilano ◽  
Pedro Matos Pereira ◽  
Filipa Vaz ◽  
Maria João Catalão ◽  
Patricia Reed ◽  
...  


2018 ◽  
pp. 1-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Schneiderman ◽  
Andrew Baum


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