Biocatalytic Alkylation Cascades: Recent Advances and Future Opportunities for Late‐Stage Functionalization

Transition-metal-free direct arylation of C-H or N-H bonds is one of the key emerging methodologies that is currently attracting tremendous attention. Diaryliodonium salts serve as a stepping stone on the way to alternative environmentally friendly and straightforward pathways for the construction of C-C and C-heteroatom bonds. In this review, we emphasize the recent synthetic advances of late-stage C(sp2)-N and C(sp2)-C(sp2) bond-forming reactions under metal-free conditions using diaryliodonium salts as arylating reagent and its applications to the synthesis of new arylated bioactive heterocyclic compounds.

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Late stage modifications of P-containing ligands using transition-metal-catalysed C–H bond functionalisation

Chemical Communications ◽

10.1039/c8cc02821d ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 54 (53) ◽

pp. 7265-7280 ◽

Cited By ~ 33

Author(s):

Zhuan Zhang ◽

Pierre H. Dixneuf ◽

Jean-François Soulé

Keyword(s):

Transition Metal ◽

Late Stage ◽

Phosphine Ligands ◽

Recent Advances

Recent advances in C–H bond functionalisation of phosphorus derivatives are presented, with a special attention to preparation of phosphine ligands.

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Green chemistry meets medicinal chemistry: a perspective on modern metal-free late-stage functionalization reactions

Chemical Society Reviews ◽

10.1039/d1cs00380a ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Juan D. Lasso ◽

Durbis J. Castillo-Pazos ◽

Chao-Jun Li

Keyword(s):

Green Chemistry ◽

Functional Groups ◽

Late Stage ◽

Medicinal Chemistry ◽

Metal Free ◽

Recent Advances

This review summarizes the most recent advances of metal-free late-stage functionalization (LSF) of pharmaceutically relevant molecules. Particular emphasis is placed on C–H activation as well as the use of endogenous functional groups.

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Synthesis of Heterobenzylic Fluorides

Synthesis ◽

10.1055/s-0036-1589159 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 50 (06) ◽

pp. 1228-1236 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Robert Britton ◽

Michael Meanwell

Keyword(s):

Late Stage ◽

Medicinal Chemistry ◽

Short Review ◽

New Methods ◽

Electrophilic Fluorination ◽

Recent Advances ◽

Direct Fluorination ◽

Displacement Reactions ◽

Halide Exchange ◽

Drug Leads

Fluorination at heterobenzylic positions can have a significant impact on basicity, lipophilicity, and metabolism of drug leads. As a consequence, the development of new methods to access heterobenzylic fluorides has particular relevance to medicinal chemistry. This short review provides a survey of common methods used to synthesize heterobenzylic fluorides and includes fluoride displacement reactions of previously functionalized molecules (e.g., deoxyfluorination and halide exchange) and electrophilic fluorination of resonance-stabilized heterobenzylic anions. In addition, recent advances in the direct fluorination of heterobenzylic C(sp3)–H bonds and monofluoromethylation of heterocyclic C(sp2)–H bonds are presented.1 Introduction2 Heterobenzylic Fluorides2.1 Deoxyfluorination2.2 Halide Exchange2.3 Electrophilic Fluorination of Heterobenzylic Anions2.4 Late Stage C–H Bond Fluorination2.5 Monofluoromethylation of C(sp2)–H Bonds3 Conclusions

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Late-stage functionalization of peptides via a palladium-catalyzed C(sp3)–H activation strategy

Chemical Communications ◽

10.1039/d0cc06133f ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 56 (90) ◽

pp. 13950-13958 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Bei-Bei Zhan ◽

Meng-Xue Jiang ◽

Bing-Feng Shi

Keyword(s):

Late Stage ◽

Recent Advances ◽

Palladium Catalyzed

Recent advances in the late-stage modification of peptides via palladium-catalyzed C(sp3)–H functionalization are summarized.

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Recent Advances in High Dispersion Spectroscopy of Globular Cluster Stars

Symposium - International Astronomical Union ◽

10.1017/s0074180900035610 ◽

1988 ◽

Vol 132 ◽

pp. 525-530

Author(s):

Raffaele G. Gratton

Keyword(s):

Globular Cluster ◽

Globular Clusters ◽

High Dispersion ◽

Photographic Material ◽

Recent Advances ◽

Metal Abundances ◽

Ccd Detectors ◽

Major Progress

The use CCD detectors has allowed a major progress in abundance derivations for globular cluster stars in the last years. Abundances deduced from high dispersion spectra now correlates well with other abundance indicators. I discuss some problems concerning the derivation of accurate metal abundances for globular clusters using high dispersion spectra from both the old photographic and the most recent CCD data. The discrepant low abundances found by Cohen (1980), from photographic material for M71 giants, are found to be due to the use of too high microturbulences.

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Chelation-assisted transition metal-catalysed C–H chalcogenylations

Organic Chemistry Frontiers ◽

10.1039/c9qo01497g ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 7 (8) ◽

pp. 1022-1060 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Wenbo Ma ◽

Nikolaos Kaplaneris ◽

Xinyue Fang ◽

Linghui Gu ◽

Ruhuai Mei ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Transition Metal ◽

Recent Advances ◽

Site Selectivity ◽

Transition Metal Catalyzed ◽

Metal Catalyzed

This review summarizes recent advances in C–S and C–Se formations via transition metal-catalyzed C–H functionalization utilizing directing groups to control the site-selectivity.

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Nucleosome dynamics

Biochemical Society Symposium ◽

10.1042/bss0730109 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 73 ◽

pp. 109-119 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Chris Stockdale ◽

Michael Bruno ◽

Helder Ferreira ◽

Elisa Garcia-Wilson ◽

Nicola Wiechens ◽

...

Keyword(s):

High Resolution ◽

Chromatin Structure ◽

Current Knowledge ◽

Dynamic Properties ◽

Structure And Dynamics ◽

Nucleosome Dynamics ◽

Sharp Focus ◽

Recent Advances ◽

Insight Into ◽

Chromatin Structure And Dynamics

In the 30 years since the discovery of the nucleosome, our picture of it has come into sharp focus. The recent high-resolution structures have provided a wealth of insight into the function of the nucleosome, but they are inherently static. Our current knowledge of how nucleosomes can be reconfigured dynamically is at a much earlier stage. Here, recent advances in the understanding of chromatin structure and dynamics are highlighted. The ways in which different modes of nucleosome reconfiguration are likely to influence each other are discussed, and some of the factors likely to regulate the dynamic properties of nucleosomes are considered.

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