scholarly journals Cover Feature: Impurity Control in Catalyst Design: The Role of Sodium in Promoting and Stabilizing Co and Co 2 C for Syngas Conversion (ChemCatChem 4/2021)

ChemCatChem ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 1036-1036
Author(s):  
Arun S. Asundi ◽  
Adam S. Hoffman ◽  
Sindhu S. Nathan ◽  
Alexey Boubnov ◽  
Simon R. Bare ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Catalyst Design ◽  
Syngas Conversion ◽  
Impurity Control

scholarly journals Impurity Control in Catalyst Design: The Role of Sodium in Promoting and Stabilizing Co and Co 2 C for Syngas Conversion

ChemCatChem ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arun S. Asundi ◽  
Adam S. Hoffman ◽  
Sindhu S. Nathan ◽  
Alexey Boubnov ◽  
Simon R. Bare ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Catalyst Design ◽  
Syngas Conversion ◽  
Impurity Control

Catalysis for fuels: Concluding Remarks

2017 ◽  
Vol 197 ◽  
pp. 547-555
Author(s):  
P. Gibson
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Impact ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Biomass Conversion ◽  
Catalyst Design ◽  
Commercial Application ◽  
Fischer Tropsch ◽  
In Operando ◽  
Subjective View

The 2017 Faraday Discussion on the topic of “Catalysis for Fuels” was unique in the sense that it was the first Faraday Discussion to be held on the continent of Africa. “Catalysis” and “Fuels” are both topics that could be widely interpreted and the session topics proved to be a relevant spread of old and new i.e. Fischer–Tropsch chemistry, biomass refining, zeolite conversions and photocatalysis. Most of the papers were underpinned by fundamental studies, catalyst design approaches, reports of in operando characterization and detailed speciation and micro kinetic analyses. Examples of commercial application were offered under the headings of biomass conversion, Fischer–Tropsch and to some extent photocatalysis. Cognisance was given to the increasingly important role of catalytic metals in terms of scarcity, cost and environmental impact. The potential role of novel alloys in addressing some of the catalytic mechanistic challenges turned out to be one of the central themes during the discussions. The following remarks are an attempt to draw parallels between the topics under discussion and the author’s subjective view of current universal questions that could/should be highlighted under the “Catalysis for Fuels” heading.

scholarly journals Effects of Ce over TiO2 supported MnOx-based Catalyst for NOx Reduction by Ammonia

2020 ◽  
Vol 185 ◽  
pp. 04026
Author(s):  
Zhi Liu ◽  
Yunqi Liu
Keyword(s):  
Catalytic Reduction ◽  
Nox Reduction ◽  
Catalyst Design ◽  
No Oxidation ◽  
Incipient Wetness Impregnation ◽  
Impregnation Method ◽  
Positive Role ◽  
Fast Scr ◽  
Insight Into

Ce modified MnOx-based catalysts have attracted much attention due to its high activity for selective catalytic reduction of NOx by NH3 (NH3-SCR) at low-temperatures. However, the most important role of Ce on the NH3-SCR performance of MnOx-based catalysts has not been confirmed. Herein, the typical Ce-Mn/TiO2 catalyst was synthesized through incipient-wetness impregnation method, the positive role of Ce on Ce-Mn/TiO2 catalyst in the NH3-SCR process was revealed by combining different activity tests (including NO oxidation and NH3 oxidation) and characterizations (including XRD, XPS and He-TPDMS experiments). It was found that the introduction of Ce can promote the dispersion of MnOx on TiO2 support. Meanwhile, the doping of Ce in MnOx can also increase the content of Mn4+ species. The Mn4+ species plays a crucial role in NO oxidation reaction, which can trigger the “Fast SCR” reaction and promote the conversion of NOx. This work provides insight into the catalyst design for NH3-SCR process at low-temperature.

scholarly journals Energy Densification of Biomass-Derived Furfurals to Furanic Biofuels by Catalytic Hydrogenation and Hydrodeoxygenation Reactions

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 521-549
Author(s):  
Nivedha Vinod ◽  
Saikat Dutta
Keyword(s):  
Catalytic Hydrogenation ◽  
Critical Discussion ◽  
Catalyst Design ◽  
Hydrogen Gas ◽  
Hydrogen Donor ◽  
Hydroxymethyl Furfural ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Furanic Compounds

The concomitant hydrolysis and dehydration of biomass-derived cellulose and hemicellulose to furfural (FUR) and 5-(hydroxymethyl)furfural (HMF) under acid catalysis allows a dramatic reduction in the oxygen content of the parent sugar molecules with a 100% carbon economy. However, most applications of FUR or HMF necessitate synthetic modifications. Catalytic hydrogenation and hydrogenolysis have been recognized as efficient strategies for the selective deoxygenation and energy densification of biomass-derived furfurals generating water as the sole byproduct. Efficient and eco-friendly catalysts have been developed for the selective hydrogenation of furfurals affording renewable furanic compounds such as 2-methylfuran, 2,5-dimethylfuran and 2-methyltetrahydrofuran with potential applications as biofuel, solvent and chemical feedstock. Hydrogen gas or hydrogen donor molecules, required for the above processes, can also be renewably obtained from biomass using catalytic processes, enabling a circular economy. In this review, the recent developments in the energy densification of furfurals to furanic compounds of commercial significance are elaborated, emphasizing the role of catalyst and the reaction parameters employed. Critical discussion on sourcing hydrogen gas required for the processes, using hydrogen donor solvents, catalyst design and the potential markets of furanic intermediates have been made. Critical evaluations of the accomplishments and challenges in this field are also provided.

Nanostructured Catalysts for Dry-Reforming of Methane

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (6) ◽  
pp. 3135-3147 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Macario ◽  
P Frontera ◽  
S Candamano ◽  
F Crea ◽  
P. De Luca ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Great Influence ◽  
Nanostructured Catalysts ◽  
Dry Reforming ◽  
Catalyst Design ◽  
Dry Reforming Of Methane ◽  
Whole Process ◽  
Global Vision ◽  
Current Context ◽  
Coke Deactivation

The manuscript deals on the main progress achieved by global scientific research on the development of nanostructured catalysts for dry-reforming reaction. The importance to have a global vision on this topic is strictly related to the most currently and important challenges in the sustainable energy production. In fact, dry-reforming is one of the few known processes in which greenhouse gases are utilized as reactants (methane and carbon dioxide) to produce syngas. Syngas represents the basis for liquid fuel production by Fischer-Tropsch process. In this broad and current context, the catalyst development plays a pivotal role due to its great influence on efficiency, and therefore on the costs, of the whole process. Several are the aspects to consider during the catalyst design: role of metal, interaction between metal and support, role of promoters and resistance to the coke deactivation. These issues, as well as the thermodynamics of the process, are the main aspects of which this review speaks about.

The role of surface reactions on the active and selective catalyst design for bioethanol steam reforming

2009 ◽  
Vol 192 (1) ◽  
pp. 158-164 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Benito ◽  
R. Padilla ◽  
A. Serrano-Lotina ◽  
L. Rodríguez ◽  
J.J. Brey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Steam Reforming ◽  
Surface Reactions ◽  
Catalyst Design ◽  
Selective Catalyst

A Realistic Method to Describe the Role of Diffusion in Catalyst Design

2009 ◽  
Vol 294 ◽  
pp. 65-76
Author(s):  
Mohammad Ebrahim Zeynali
Keyword(s):  
Grain Size ◽  
Pore Size Distribution ◽  
Pore Size ◽  
Size Distribution ◽  
Nitrate Solution ◽  
Effective Diffusivity ◽  
Catalyst Design ◽  
Internal Surface Area ◽  
Co Precipitation

The dehydrogenation of diethylbenzene to divinylbenzene is a catalytic reaction. The catalyst for the dehydrogenation was prepared by co-precipitation of iron and chromium hydroxide from nitrate solution, followed by doping with potassium carbonate and drying. To make available the internal surface area of the catalyst for the reactant, the pores must be of the proper sizes to allow the reactant to diffuse and penetrate inside the catalyst pellets. The prepared catalyst was considered as a model for investigating the role of diffusion in catalyst design. In this study, different mechanisms of diffusion, such as Knudsen and bulk, were investigated for the case of diethylbenzene diffusion into the catalyst and it was concluded that the pore sizes should be in a range that permits transitional diffusion (both Knudsen and bulk diffusion). The catalyst grain size can be controlled and varied by acting on parameters such as the speed and time of mixing, type of alkali, temperature and pH. Particle size distribution experiments were conducted for different types of alkali and speeds of mixing in order to characterize the catalyst. The effects of the grain size, formed during co-precipitation, upon the pore size distribution of the catalyst pellet which affects the effective diffusivity were discussed. The pore size distribution of the model catalyst was obtained and the effective diffusivities were calculated by numerical integration of the Johanson-Stewart equation.

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