ChemInform Abstract: Efficient Extracting Agents for the Removal of Lithium from Aqueous Solutions Containing Sodium and Potassium Compounds.

In this work the authors evaluated changes of the structure of aqueous solutions of chlorides of sodium and potassium in various concentrations in the parietal layer by means of the dielectrometry and resonance method. In experiments at 20 ° C, the concentration of sodium and potassium chloride concentration of 0.01 M to 1 M in thenear-wall layer "glass - water solutions" height of less than 1000 microns observed multiple reduction of capacitance of solutions, and Q of an oscillatory circuit and a multiple increase coefficient KS which allows to evaluate the structure of the solutions. It is shown that the structure of the solutions in the wall layer depends on the solution concentration, the nature of the solute and the material of surface. Methods of dielectrometry and resonance are informative in the interpretation of the processes in the fluid layer at the interface, "solid – aqueous solution".

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Effects of Sodium and Potassium Chlorides on Silica Fouling

Journal of Heat Transfer ◽

10.1115/1.2910674 ◽

1993 ◽

Vol 115 (1) ◽

pp. 82-90 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

S. H. Chan ◽

Z. J. Chen ◽

P. He

Keyword(s):

Aqueous Solutions ◽

Salt Concentration ◽

Flow Conditions ◽

Equilibrium Solubility ◽

Silica Scale ◽

Ion Cloud ◽

Cloud Theory ◽

Sodium And Potassium ◽

Plausible Theory ◽

Attachment Process

The effects of NaCl and KCl salts in aqueous solutions on silica fouling of heat exchangers under turbulent flow conditions were examined experimentally over a range of pH, velocity, and salt concentration levels. The fundamental attachment process of silica fouling from those aqueous solutions was described. The silica fouling rate in NaCl solutions was found to be greater than that in KCl solutions. In all cases, the fouling rate increased with the salt concentration. When both salts were present simultaneously, the fouling rate found to be closer to that of the KCl system than that of the NaCl system. Effects of salinity on equilibrium solubility of silica at 165° C were also reported. Finally, the plausible theory of polymerization and the fundamental ion-cloud theory were used to describe the silica scale attachment process and the possible causes of salt effects on silica fouling of heat transfer surfaces.

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Conductances of Aqueous Solutions of the Hydroxides of Lithium, Sodium and Potassium at 25°

Journal of the American Chemical Society ◽

10.1021/ja01255a046 ◽

1942 ◽

Vol 64 (3) ◽

pp. 621-623 ◽

Cited By ~ 41

Author(s):

Lawrence S. Darken ◽

Harry F. Meier

Keyword(s):

Aqueous Solutions ◽

Sodium And Potassium

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Addukte von Alkalimetallhexacyanoferraten mit Hexamethylentetramin: Die Kristallstrukturen von Na3[Fe(CN)6] · 2C6H12N4 · 5H20 und K3[Fe(CN)6] · 2C6H12N4 · 4H2O

Zeitschrift für Naturforschung B ◽

10.1515/znb-1988-0913 ◽

1988 ◽

Vol 43 (9) ◽

pp. 1161-1166 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Hans-Jürgen Meyer ◽

Joachim Pickardt

Keyword(s):

Hydrogen Bonds ◽

Aqueous Solutions ◽

Single Crystals ◽

Three Dimensions ◽

Water Molecules ◽

Orthorhombic Space Group ◽

Triclinic Space Group ◽

Space Group ◽

Sodium And Potassium ◽

Coordination Water

Abstract By diffusion of methanolic solutions of hexamethylenetetramine into aqueous solutions of hexacyanoferrates(III) of sodium and potassium, resp., single crystals of the adducts were obtained. Na3[Fe(CN)6] · 2C6H12N4-5H2O, orthorhombic, space group Pca21. Z = 4, a = 14.122(4). b = 14.380(4), c = 14.381(4) Å, 3153 reflections, R = 0.044. K3[Fe(CN)6]•2C6H12N4-4H2O, triclinic, space group P1̄, Z = 4, a = 14.125(4), b = 17.808(4), c =14.116(4) Å, α = 114.14(5), β = 94.91(4), γ = 108.36(5)°. 5550 reflections, R = 0.042. Both structures may be regarded as Elpasolite-Iike arrangements of [Fe(CN)6]3- ions, C6H12N4 molecules and [M2(OH2)x]3+ units (M = Na, K; x = 5, 4), linked together unsymmetrically by M-N contacts of metal ions and nitrogen atoms with mean distances of Na-NHMT = 264 pm. Na-NCYan = 243 pm, K-NHMT = 293 pm and K-Ncyan = 290 pm. Stabilization of the crystal structures is obtained by N---H-O hydrogen bonds of coordination water molecules in three dimensions.

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