ChemInform Abstract: The Betti Base: The Awakening of a Sleeping Beauty

ChemInform ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 41 (42) ◽  
Author(s):  
Cosimo Cardellicchio ◽  
Maria Annunziata M. Capozzi ◽  
Francesco Naso
Keyword(s):  
Sleeping Beauty ◽  
The Awakening ◽  
Betti Base

The Betti base: the awakening of a sleeping beauty

2010 ◽  
Vol 21 (5) ◽  
pp. 507-517 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cosimo Cardellicchio ◽  
Maria Annunziata M. Capozzi ◽  
Francesco Naso
Keyword(s):  
Sleeping Beauty ◽  
The Awakening ◽  
Betti Base

scholarly journals Defining and identifying Sleeping Beauties in science

2015 ◽  
Vol 112 (24) ◽  
pp. 7426-7431 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qing Ke ◽  
Emilio Ferrara ◽  
Filippo Radicchi ◽  
Alessandro Flammini
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Sleeping Beauty ◽  
The Awakening ◽  
Hibernation Period ◽  
Multidisciplinary Analysis ◽  
Bibliographic Data ◽  
Scientific Papers ◽  
Delayed Recognition ◽  
Citation Metrics ◽  
Number Of Citations

A Sleeping Beauty (SB) in science refers to a paper whose importance is not recognized for several years after publication. Its citation history exhibits a long hibernation period followed by a sudden spike of popularity. Previous studies suggest a relative scarcity of SBs. The reliability of this conclusion is, however, heavily dependent on identification methods based on arbitrary threshold parameters for sleeping time and number of citations, applied to small or monodisciplinary bibliographic datasets. Here we present a systematic, large-scale, and multidisciplinary analysis of the SB phenomenon in science. We introduce a parameter-free measure that quantifies the extent to which a specific paper can be considered an SB. We apply our method to 22 million scientific papers published in all disciplines of natural and social sciences over a time span longer than a century. Our results reveal that the SB phenomenon is not exceptional. There is a continuous spectrum of delayed recognition where both the hibernation period and the awakening intensity are taken into account. Although many cases of SBs can be identified by looking at monodisciplinary bibliographic data, the SB phenomenon becomes much more apparent with the analysis of multidisciplinary datasets, where we can observe many examples of papers achieving delayed yet exceptional importance in disciplines different from those where they were originally published. Our analysis emphasizes a complex feature of citation dynamics that so far has received little attention, and also provides empirical evidence against the use of short-term citation metrics in the quantification of scientific impact.

scholarly journals Sleeping Beauties and their Princes in Solid Waste Research

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zheng Tang
Keyword(s):  
Synergistic Effect ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Sleeping Beauty ◽  
Hysteresis Effect ◽  
High Citation ◽  
The Awakening ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Publication Time ◽  
Better Than

Abstract A “sleeping beauty” (SB) is a paper that goes unnoticed for a long time, and then, almost suddenly, is awakened by a “prince” (PR), attracting from there on a lot of attention in terms of citations. Although there are some studies on the SB and PR phenomena in science, little research on the awakening mechanisms between them has been conducted. Based on a comprehensive dataset with more than 10000 papers published in solid waste research from 1956 to 2010, we compared three typical methods of identifying SBs, and the parameter-free criterion worked better than the average-based and quartile-based criterion in some aspects. Besides, through a case study of the top 10 in SBs, we applied three criteria to discover the candidate PRs with high citation, high co-citation, and publication time close to the awakening time. Moreover, we discussed the mechanisms involved in the SBs and PRs, which were divided into three types: the synergistic effect, leading effect, and hysteresis effect. This work develops and validates a bibliometric framework for identifying the SBs and PRs in solid waste research, to figure out the awakening mechanisms, and promote potentially valuable research in other fields.

scholarly journals A Bibliometric Framework for Identifying “Princes” Who Wake up the “Sleeping Beauty” in Challenge-type Scientific Discoveries

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 50-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jian Du ◽  
Yishan Wu
Keyword(s):  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Nobel Laureate ◽  
Sleeping Beauty ◽  
Knowledge Domain ◽  
Limit Theory ◽  
The Awakening ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Practical Implications ◽  
Boom Period

AbstractPurposeThis paper develops and validates a bibliometric framework for identifying the “princes” (PR) who wake up the “sleeping beauty” (SB) in challenge-type scientific discoveries, so as to figure out the awakening mechanisms, and promote potentially valuable but not readily accepted innovative research. (A PR is a research study.)Design/methodology/approachWe propose that PR candidates must meet the following four criteria: (1) be published near the time when the SB began to attract a lot of citations; (2) be highly cited papers themselves; (3) receive a substantial number of co-citations with the SB; and (4) within the challenge-type discoveries which contradict established theories, the “pulling effect” of the PR on the SB must be strong. We test the usefulness of the bibliometric framework through a case study of a key publication by the 2014 chemistry Nobel laureate Stefan W. Hell, who negated Ernst Abbe’s diffraction limit theory, one of the most prominent paradigms in the natural sciences.FindingsThe first-ranked candidate PR article identified by the bibliometric framework is in line with historical facts. An SB may need one or more PRs and even “retinues” to be “awakened.” Documents with potential awakening functionality tend to be published in prestigious multidisciplinary journals with higher impact and wider scope than the journals publishing SBs.Research limitationsThe above framework is only applicable to transformative innovations, and the conclusions are drawn from the analysis of one typical SB and her awakening process. Therefore the generality of our work might be limited.Practical implicationsPublications belonging to so-called transformative research, even when less frequently cited, should be given special attention as early as possible, because they may suddenly attract many citations after a period of sleep, as reflected in our case study.Originality/valueThe definition of PR(s) as the first paper(s) that cited the SB article (selfciting excluded) has its limitations. Instead, the SB-PR co-citations should be given priority in current environment of scholarly communication. Since the “premature” or “transformative” breakthroughs in the challenge-type SB documents are either beyond the current knowledge domain, or violate established paradigms, people’s psychological distance from the SB is larger than that from the PR, which explains why the annual citations of the PR are usually higher than those of the SB, especially prior to or during the SB’s citation boom period.

The Cortisol Response to Normal and Nocturnal Awakening

2000 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Hucklebridge ◽  
A. Clow ◽  
H. Rahman ◽  
P. Evans
Keyword(s):  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Secretory Activity ◽  
Linear Increase ◽  
Cortisol Response ◽  
The Awakening ◽  
Basal Cortisol ◽  
Free Cortisol ◽  
Main Effect ◽  
Nocturnal Awakening ◽  
Night Awakening

Abstract Free cortisol as measured in saliva increases markedly following awakening. It is not clear, however, whether this is truly a stress-neuroendocrine response to awakening or a manifestation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) circadian cycle. We investigated whether the awakening cortisol response can be generated in the middle of nocturnal sleep, when secretory activity in the HPA axis is low. In a within subject design, salivary cortisol response was measured under three different awakening conditions: (1) awakening at the normal morning awakening time; (2) awakening four hours prior to normal awakening time, and (3) awakening the following morning after interrupted sleep. The overall main effect was a linear increase in free cortisol following awakening with no significant interaction with awakening condition. Cortisol levels, as determined by area under the cortisol curve calculated with reference to zero, did differ by awakening condition. The two morning awakening conditions were comparable but values were lower for night awakening. Area under the curve change (calculated with reference to the first awakening cortisol base value), however, did not distinguish the three awakening conditions. We conclude from these data that there is a clear free cortisol response to awakening for both nocturnal and morning awakening although the absolute levels produced are lower for nocturnal awakening when basal cortisol is low. Nocturnal interruption of sleep did not affect the subsequent morning response.

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