scholarly journals Inhibitory functioning across ADHD subtypes: Recent findings, clinical implications, and future directions

2008 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 268-275 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zachary W. Adams ◽  
Karen J. Derefinko ◽  
Richard Milich ◽  
Mark T. Fillmore
2021 ◽  
pp. 003022282199219
Author(s):  
Sherman A. Lee ◽  
Jamison S. Bottomley

Grief-related panic attacks (GRPAs) are a relatively common yet debilitating psychological reaction to loss, the mechanisms of which remain poorly understood among scholars. The purpose of this study was to identify the personality traits that underlie GRPAs in a sample of 314 bereaved adults. The results indicate that GRPAs were relatively common (55.4%) and that anxiety sensitivity uniquely predicted both frequency and impairment associated with these kinds of attacks, while taking into account the effects of neuroticism, trait worry, grief, and gender. Findings suggest that anxiety sensitivity may be a risk factor for GRPAs and magnified grief for some mourners. Clinical implications and future directions are discussed.


Author(s):  
Melanie Fried-Oken ◽  
Charity Rowland ◽  
Chris Gibbons

Abstract Augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) intervention offers people diagnosed with progressive nonfluent aphasia (PNFA) an opportunity to continue to communicate even as verbal expression declines. To date, there are no well-controlled studies reporting the effectiveness of AAC intervention with people who present with PNFA. Further, there is a pressing need for evidence about specific AAC intervention tools, techniques, and training protocols for persons with PNFA and their communication partners. We have engaged in research studies at the Oregon Health & Science University to quantify low-tech AAC supports for people with PNFA in highly controlled, as well as naturalistic, dyadic conversations. Preliminary results suggest that AAC provides strong lexical support for people with PNFA during conversation. We predict that training participants and their partners how to use personalized, low-tech communication boards will lead to reduced conversational scaffolding by partners and prolonged effective communication as the disease course progresses. Clinical implications and future directions of our research are discussed.


Author(s):  
Yael Dai ◽  
Inge-Marie Eigsti

This chapter reviews strengths and weaknesses in executive function (EF) domains, including inhibition, working memory, flexibility, fluency, and planning, in adolescents (age 13–19) with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Given the dramatic developmental changes in the brain regions that support EF during the period of adolescence, it is critical to evaluate which EF abilities show a distinct profile during this period. As this chapter will demonstrate, youth with ASD show deficits across all domains of EF, particularly in complex tasks that include arbitrary instructions. We describe the fundamental measures for assessing skills in each domain and discuss limitations and future directions for research, as well as clinical implications of these findings for working with youth with ASD.


2020 ◽  
Vol 38 (11) ◽  
pp. 2305-2317 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey Ryan Hill ◽  
Jeremy D. Eekhoff ◽  
Robert H. Brophy ◽  
Spencer P. Lake

Author(s):  
Kristin Neff ◽  
Christopher Germer

Self-compassion involves being touched by and open to one’s own suffering, not avoiding or disconnecting from it, generating the desire to alleviate one’s suffering and to heal oneself with kindness. Self-compassion also involves offering nonjudgmental understanding to one’s pain, inadequacies, and failures, so that one’s experience is seen as part of the larger human experience. This chapter will provide an overview of theory and research on self-compassion and its link to psychological well-being, which is the goal of clinical practice. It will discuss what self-compassion is and what it is not (e.g., a form of weakness, selfishness, etc.), and provide empirical evidence to support these distinctions. Finally, it will discuss methods that have been developed to teach individuals how to be more self-compassionate in their daily lives, some clinical implications of self-compassion training, and future directions for research.


2020 ◽  
Vol 61 (9) ◽  
pp. 2059-2067
Author(s):  
Ping Luo ◽  
Wei Jing ◽  
Kezhen Yi ◽  
Sanyun Wu ◽  
Fuling Zhou

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 345-356 ◽  
Author(s):  
Omar M Alhassoon ◽  
Scott F Sorg ◽  
Mark J Stern ◽  
Matthew G Hall ◽  
Scott C Wollman

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