Analysis of coat-color patterns in aggregation chimeras between BALB/cA and C3H/HeN mice with special reference to migratory patterns and clone number of epidermal melanoblasts

1990 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 254-262 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chikashi Tachi ◽  
Minesuke Yokoyama ◽  
Hiroko Kojima
Keyword(s):  
Special Reference ◽  
Coat Color ◽  
Color Patterns ◽  
Migratory Patterns

scholarly journals Novel insights into Sabino1 and splashed white coat color patterns in horses

2018 ◽  
Vol 49 (3) ◽  
pp. 249-253 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Druml ◽  
G. Grilz-Seger ◽  
M. Neuditschko ◽  
M. Horna ◽  
A. Ricard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coat Color ◽  
White Coat ◽  
Color Patterns

scholarly journals Effects of the white allele of the mi locus on coat pigmentation in chimeric mice

1994 ◽  
Vol 63 (3) ◽  
pp. 175-181
Author(s):  
Boris V. Konyukhov ◽  
Boris N. Kindyakov ◽  
Natalia A. Malinina
Keyword(s):  
Proliferative Activity ◽  
Coat Color ◽  
Pigment Epithelium ◽  
Retinal Pigment ◽  
Electrophoretic Analysis ◽  
Hair Follicles ◽  
Pigment Cells ◽  
Color Patterns ◽  
Proliferation And Differentiation ◽  
Almost All

SummaryTo investigate the cellular action of the Miωh allele in the mouse with regard to its effects upon coat color patterns, we generated a series of aggregation chimeras, using embryos that differ in their mi locus genotype. We have obtained 11 chimeras Miωh/ + C/C↔ + / + c/c and 8 chimeras + / + C/C↔ + / + c/c. Chimerism was determined by coat and retinal pigment epithelium mosaicism and by the electrophoretic analysis of GPI-1 isoenzymes. In Miωh/+ C/C↔, +/+ c/c mice white coat color prevailed due to the higher percentage of unpigmented areas and the higher percentage of unpigmented hairs in pigmented areas. Our data indicate that a single Miωh gene dose decreases the melanoblast proliferative activity, causing the lightening of coat pigmentation. In Miωh/ + C/C↔+/+ c/c mice a few pigmented hairs were often detected on the belly where Miωh / + mice always had a white spot. This suggests that in the chimeras the presence of some non-Miωh cells in the skin of the belly allows pigment cells to develop. Using embryos of two substrains of Miωh/Miωh mice that differ in their Gpi-1 locus genotype we have produced 8 Miωh/ + ↔ Miωh/Miωh chimeras. In all these chimeras coat color patterns resembled those of Miωh/ + heterozygotes despite the higher percentage of the Miwh/Miωh component in three chimeras. Mosaic hairs were absent in the chimeras. This shows that the chimeras have only one Miωh/ + melanoblast population which actively proliferates and colonizes almost all hair follicles. Thus the Miωh/Miωh dermis and epidermis do not suppress proliferation and differentiation of the Miωh/ + melanoblasts except the certain area on the belly.

Pod and seed defensive coloration (camouflage and mimicry) in the genus Pisum

2015 ◽  
Vol 62 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 39-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iris Aviezer ◽  
Simcha Lev-Yadun
Keyword(s):  
Seed Coat ◽  
Coat Color ◽  
Grazing Pressure ◽  
Legume Species ◽  
Seed Coat Color ◽  
Color Patterns ◽  
Annual Species ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Mechanical Defense ◽  
Small Genus

The small genusPisumis composed of two annual species,P.fulvumand the domesticated peaP.sativum. The domesticated pea has two main wild-type taxa:P.elatiusandP.humile. Members of the genusPisumare not well defended from herbivory by high levels of toxins like the seeds of many other legume species. We studied the color patterns in the pods and seeds of these three wild taxa (P.fulvum,P.elatiusandP.humile) in order to examine their potential for defensive coloration (camouflage and Batesian mimicry). All three taxa are polymorphic concerning pod and seed coloration. The mature pods of many individuals ofP.humileandP.elatiusmimic aposematic caterpillars, but some are plain green. The pods of some individuals ofP.elatiushave a zigzag or straight red marking along them that resembles the conspicuous dorsal markings of the local common venomous viper, potentially mimicking it. The pods of many individuals ofP.fulvumhave dark blotches that when compared to such patterns in animals, potentially function as camouflage. The seeds of all three species are camouflaged by either: (1) color matching with that of soil (especiallyP.fulvumandP.elatius), (2) disruptive coloration (especiallyP.humile), (3) variability in seed-coat color that may undermine the use of search images by visually oriented granivores that look for cryptic seeds (all taxa). The mature pods ofP.fulvumare also defended in many inflorescences by degenerated flowers that develop into sharp thorns. It seems that this species is still in the process of evolving this mechanical defense as the response to millennia of strong grazing pressure.

scholarly journals Coat Color Patterns and Genotypes of Extension and Agouti in Hanwoo and Jeju Black Cattle

2011 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 494-501 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sang-Hyun Han ◽  
In-Cheol Cho ◽  
Jae-Hwan Kim ◽  
Moon-Suck Ko ◽  
Young-Hoon Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coat Color ◽  
Color Patterns ◽  
Jeju Black Cattle

scholarly journals The Relationship between MC1R Mutation and Plumage Color Variation in Pigeons

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jin-Shan Ran ◽  
Xiao-Yan You ◽  
Jie Jin ◽  
Yu-Guang Zhou ◽  
Ye Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coat Color ◽  
Color Variation ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Color Patterns ◽  
Plumage Color ◽  
Single Nucleotide ◽  
Haplotype Association ◽  
Haplotype Association Analysis ◽  
White Plumage ◽  
The Relationship

The polymorphisms of MC1R gene play a crucial role in coat color variation in mammals; however, the relationship is still unclear in pigeons. In this study, we sequenced 741 bp fragment of the MC1R for 39 individuals with five plumage color patterns (gray plumage, n=12; black plumage, n=9; white plumage, n=3; spotted plumage, n=12; red plumage, n=3). A total of three single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were detected, including G199A, G225A, and A466G, which subsequently determined four haplotypes (H1–H4). Among them, H1 is the predominant haplotype. Association analysis revealed that H1 and H3 were significantly associated with the black plumage trait (P<0.05), while the H4 was significantly associated with gray plumage trait (P<0.05). Furthermore, only diplotype H1H1 was significantly associated with black and gray traits of pigeons. Collectively, our study suggested an association between genetic variation of MC1R and plumage color in pigeon.

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