scholarly journals Three‐dimensional stratification pattern in an old‐growth lowland forest: How does height in canopy and season influence temperate bat activity?

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maude Erasmy ◽  
Christoph Leuschner ◽  
Niko Balkenhol ◽  
Markus Dietz
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Old Growth ◽  
Lowland Forest ◽  
Bat Activity

Bat Activity in Thinned, Unthinned, and Old-Growth Forests in Western Oregon

1999 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 553 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcia L. Humes ◽  
John P. Hayes ◽  
Michael W. Collopy
Keyword(s):  
Old Growth ◽  
Bat Activity ◽  
Old Growth Forests

scholarly journals More Urbanization, Fewer Bats: The Importance of Forest Conservation in Honduras

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manfredo A. Turcios-Casco ◽  
Richard K. LaVal ◽  
Marcio Martínez ◽  
Hefer D. Ávila-Palma
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Forest Conservation ◽  
Private Property ◽  
Central City ◽  
Activity Patterns ◽  
Old Growth ◽  
Bat Activity ◽  
The Family ◽  
Agricultural Use ◽  
Urbanized Areas

Urbanization is a phenomenon that results in fragmentation and eventual destruction of forests. Suburbanization is a subset of that same phenomenon in which fragmentation has resulted in the retention of small patches of the original forest and surviving old growth trees. Alternatively, the area surrounding the central city had been cleared for agricultural use and the suburban residents have planted many trees in parks and private property. This fragmentation will of course affect many species of bats, including species of the family Phyllostomidae. In this work, we estimate and compare the diversity of phyllostomid bats in three landscapes in Honduras: forests, suburban, and urban areas, from 2015 to 2018. Concurrently, we compared bat activity patterns based on the hour and percentage of moonlight at the time they were captured, and we compared external measurements, forearm and ear length. Urban areas are the least diverse and exhibited the lowest abundance. The forearm and ear length were significantly different only between forests and urban areas. The degree of lunar phobia also differed among those landscapes, but the time of capture did not differ. This is the first attempt to describe the activity patterns of phyllostomids in these studied areas and the effect of urbanization on Honduran bats. As expected, we found that from forests to cities, the diversity and abundance of phyllostomids decreased. However, there are many gaps in our knowledge of how totally or partially urbanized areas are affecting phyllostomid bats in Honduras.

scholarly journals Genetic heterogeneity in age classes of naturally regenerated old growth forest of Picea abies (L.) Karst

2014 ◽  
Vol 63 (1-6) ◽  
pp. 185-190 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Wojnicka-Półtorak ◽  
W. Wachowiak ◽  
W. Prus-Głowacki ◽  
K. Celiński ◽  
A. Korczyk
Keyword(s):  
Picea Abies ◽  
Genetic Heterogeneity ◽  
Haplotype Diversity ◽  
Age Classes ◽  
Geographic Scale ◽  
Old Growth ◽  
Chloroplast Microsatellite ◽  
Lowland Forest ◽  
European Continent ◽  
Old Growth Forest

Abstract The Białowiez·a Primeval Forest is located northeastern Poland. It is one of Europe’s most precious old growth forests in terms of abundance and richness of vegetation, retaining features of a primeval lowland forest which cannot be found anywhere else on the European continent. The aim of the study was to assess the genetic heterogeneity of the naturally regenerated Picea abies population using five chloroplast microsatellite markers. In total, 290 trees representing five age classes were studied. Clear patterns of genetic differentiation in relation to demographic substructuring were found within the population. The class of embryos exhibited the greatest genetic richness as evident from the highest number of alleles and haplotypes, the highest mean number of private alleles and haplotypes and the highest haplotype diversity. In the subsequent age classes, a significant decrease in the level of genetic variation was observed. Our data demonstrate that long-lived, highly outcrossing tree species growing in continuous stands can be genetically heterogeneous on a small geographic scale. The heterogeneity is related to age structure and it is likely due to the underlying mating system and selection processes.

Three-dimensional Structure of an Old-growth Pseudotsuga-Tsuga Canopy and Its Implications for Radiation Balance, Microclimate, and Gas Exchange

Ecosystems ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Geoffrey G. Parker ◽  
Mark E. Harmon ◽  
Michael A. Lefsky ◽  
Jiquan Chen ◽  
Robert Van Pelt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gas Exchange ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Dimensional Structure ◽  
Radiation Balance ◽  
Old Growth ◽  
Three Dimensional Structure

scholarly journals Canopy Cover Estimation in Lowland Forest in South Sumatera, Using LiDAR and Landsat 8 OLI imagery

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 50-58
Author(s):  
M B Saleh ◽  
◽  
R W Dewi ◽  
L B Prasetyo ◽  
N A Santi
Keyword(s):  
Dimensional Space ◽  
Vegetation Indices ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Canopy Cover ◽  
Landsat 8 ◽  
Landsat 8 Oli ◽  
Estimation Model ◽  
Large Area ◽  
Lowland Forest ◽  
Three Dimensional Space

Canopy cover is one of the most important variables in ecology, hydrology, and forest management, and useful as a basis for defining forests. LiDAR is an active remote sensing method that provides the height information of an object in three-dimensional space. The method allows for the mapping of terrain, canopy height and cover. Its only setback is that it has to be integrated with Landsat to cover a large area. The main objective of this study is to generate the canopy cover estimation model using Landsat 8 OLI and LiDAR. Landsat 8 OLI vegetation indices and LiDAR-derived canopy cover estimation, through First Return Canopy Index (FRCI) method, were used to obtain a regression model. The performance of this model was then assessed using correlation, aggregate deviation, and raster display. Lastly, the best canopy cover estimation was obtained using equation, FRCI = 2.22 + 5.63Ln(NDVI), with R2 at 0.663, standard deviation at 0.161, correlation between actual and predicted value at 0.663, aggregate deviation at -0.182 and error at 56.10%.

Density and diversity of lianas along a chronosequence in a central Panamanian lowland forest

2000 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saara J. Dewalt ◽  
Stefan A. Schnitzer ◽  
Julie S. Denslow
Keyword(s):  
Tropical Forest ◽  
Tropical Forests ◽  
Relative Abundance ◽  
Light Availability ◽  
Basal Area ◽  
Stand Age ◽  
Old Growth ◽  
Lowland Forest ◽  
Abundance And Diversity

The abundance and diversity of lianas were examined along a tropical forest chronosequence at the Barro Colorado Nature Monument, Panama. Lianas ≥0.5 cm diameter were sampled along transects in two replicated stands in secondary (20, 40, 70 and 100 y after abandonment) and old-growth (>500 y) forests. Ordination of stands based on relative abundance, but not presence-absence, showed a significant separation of stands by age. Lianas were significantly more abundant and diverse (Fisher's α) in younger forests (20 and 40 y) than in older forests (70 and 100 y, and old-growth). The decline in liana abundance with stand age was offset by increased mean basal area per individual, resulting in a relatively constant total basal area and estimated biomass across stand age. The proportions of tendril climbers decreased and stem twiners increased over stand age. Decline in liana abundance and changes in liana composition may be related to changes in support and light availability. Although lianas are recognized as playing an important role in the early secondary sucession of many tropical forests, these results have shown that their important contribution to total basal area and biomass can continue as the forest matures, even as the numbers of established lianas declines.

scholarly journals Population density and habitat preferences of the Black-cheeked Ant-tanager Habia atrimaxillaris

2014 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 306-321 ◽  
Author(s):  
JESSICA S. CORNILS ◽  
ISABELL RIEDL ◽  
JULIAN FRICKE ◽  
MORITZ KATZ ◽  
CHRISTIAN H. SCHULZE
Keyword(s):  
Population Density ◽  
Population Size ◽  
National Park ◽  
Forest Cover ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Habitat Preferences ◽  
Distance Sampling ◽  
Old Growth ◽  
Lowland Forest ◽  
Old Growth Forest

SummaryThe lowland forest on the southern Pacific slope of Costa Rica has an extremely diverse avifauna, including the Black-cheeked Ant-tanager Habia atrimaxillaris. The only known remaining populations of this highly range-restricted species occur in the areas of Piedras Blancas and Corcovado National Park. It is assumed that the population is decreasing due to habitat loss and fragmentation. We assessed the species’ population density in a part of the Piedras Blancas National Park using distance sampling (in February–April 2009 and November 2010–January 2011) and territory mapping (November 2010–January 2011). We also examined habitat preferences based on vegetation structure at point count locations. Black-cheeked Ant-tanagers were exclusively found in old-growth forest. The species’ likelihood of occurrence at census points increased with forest cover (within a radius of 200 m around census points), canopy closure, and density of trees (with diameter at breast height >10 cm). Average population density estimated by distance sampling was 24–27 individuals per km², which is in accordance with the population size estimated by territory mapping (17–25 birds per km²). Based on these estimates, an overall population size of 12,432–20,720 birds is predicted for the remaining 592 km² lowland forest area of the Golfo Dulce region. The Black-cheeked Ant-tanager was only recorded in old-growth forest, but not in gallery forests embedded in a human-dominated landscape matrix. Since the species appears to avoid forest edges, further forest degradation and fragmentation will have a strong negative impact and should be rapidly reduced by adequate conservation measures.

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