Vertical Profiles of Ozone Concentrations in the Lower Troposphere Downwind of New York City during LISTOS 2018-2019

Abstract. Ozone (O3) profiles recorded over Beijing from 1995 to 2005 by the Measurement of Ozone and Water Vapor by Airbus In-Service Aircraft (MOZAIC) program were analyzed to provide a first climatology of tropospheric O3 over Beijing and the North China Plains (NCPs), one of the most populated and polluted regions in China. A pooled method was adopted in the data analysis to reduce the influence of irregular sampling frequency. The tropospheric O3 over Beijing shows a seasonal and vertical distribution typical of mid-latitude locations in the Northern Hemisphere, but has higher daytime concentrations in the lower troposphere, when compared to New York City, Tokyo, and Paris at similar latitude. The tropospheric O3 over Beijing exhibits a common summer maximum and a winter minimum, with a broad summer maximum in the middle troposphere and a narrower early summer (June) peak in the lower troposphere. Examination of meteorological and satellite data suggests that the lower tropospheric O3 maximum in June is a result of strong photochemical production, transport of regional pollution, and possibly also more intense burnings of biomass in Central-Eastern China. Trajectory analysis indicates that in summer the regional pollution sources from the NCPs, maybe mixed with urban plumes from Beijing, played important roles on the high O3 concentrations in the boundary layer, but had limited impact on the O3 concentrations in the middle troposphere. A comparison of the data recorded before and after 2000 reveals that O3 in the lower troposphere over Beijing had a strong positive trend (approximately 2% per year from 1995 to 2005) in contrast to a flat or a decreasing trend over Tokyo, New York City, and Paris, indicating worsening photochemical pollution in Beijing and the NCPs.

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Climatology and Ensemble Predictions of Nonconvective High Wind Events in the New York City Metropolitan Region

Weather and Forecasting ◽

10.1175/waf-d-14-00057.1 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 30 (2) ◽

pp. 270-294 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Michael Layer ◽

Brian A. Colle

Keyword(s):

New York ◽

New York City ◽

York City ◽

Lower Troposphere ◽

Probability Of Detection ◽

Metropolitan Region ◽

Convective Storms ◽

Low Level ◽

Wind Events ◽

Environmental Prediction

Abstract Damaging wind events not associated with severe convective storms or tropical cyclones can cause significant problems with transportation, infrastructure, and public safety over the northeastern United States. These nonconvective wind events (NCWEs) are difficult to forecast in New York City and surrounding regions as revealed by the relatively poor probability of detection (POD) and false alarm ratio (FAR) in recent years. This paper investigates the climatology of NCWEs between 15 September and 15 May over 13 cool seasons from 2000/01 through 2012/13. The events are separated into three distinct synoptic patterns: pre-cold-frontal (PRF), post-cold-frontal (POF), and nor’easter/coastal storm (NEC) cases. Relationships between observed winds and some atmospheric parameters such as 900-hPa geopotential height gradient, 3-h mean sea level pressure (MSLP) tendency, low-level wind profile, and stability are also presented. Overall, PRF and NEC have the largest FAR, because several events with a low-level jet at 1–2 km above the surface have relatively strong low-level stability that limits vertical momentum mixing. The POD is lowest for the POF events, which have a strong diurnal influence given the relatively deep mixed layer. Verification is also conducted over the cool seasons from 2009/10 to 2013/14 using the Short Range Ensemble Forecast (SREF) system from the National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP). Both deterministic and probabilistic verification metrics are used to evaluate the performance of the ensemble during NCWEs. Although the SREF has more forecast skill than any of the deterministic SREF control members, it is rather poorly calibrated and exhibits a significant overconfidence given its positive wind speed bias in the lower troposphere.

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Tropospheric ozone climatology over Beijing: analysis of aircraft data from the MOZAIC program

Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics ◽

10.5194/acp-8-1-2008 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

pp. 1-13 ◽

Cited By ~ 199

Author(s):

A. J. Ding ◽

T. Wang ◽

V. Thouret ◽

J.-P. Cammas ◽

P. Nédélec

Keyword(s):

New York ◽

New York City ◽

York City ◽

Lower Troposphere ◽

Irregular Sampling ◽

Positive Trend ◽

Middle Troposphere ◽

Regional Pollution ◽

Summer Maximum ◽

Tropospheric O3

Abstract. Ozone (O3) profiles recorded over Beijing from 1995 to 2005 by the Measurement of Ozone and Water Vapor by Airbus In-Service Aircraft (MOZAIC) program were analyzed to provide a first climatology of tropospheric O3 over Beijing and the North China Plains (NCPs), one of the most populated and polluted regions in China. A pooled method was adopted in the data analysis to reduce the influence of irregular sampling frequency. The tropospheric O3 over Beijing shows a seasonal and vertical distribution typical of mid-latitude locations in the Northern Hemisphere, but has higher daytime concentrations in the lower troposphere, when compared to New York City, Tokyo, and Paris at similar latitude. The tropospheric O3 over Beijing exhibits a common summer maximum and a winter minimum, with a broad summer maximum in the middle troposphere and a narrower early summer (June) peak in the lower troposphere. Examination of meteorological and satellite data suggests that the lower tropospheric O3 maximum in June is a result of strong photochemical production, transport of regional pollution, and possibly also more intense burnings of biomass in Central-Eastern China. Trajectory analysis indicates that in summer the regional pollution from the NCPs, maybe mixed with urban plumes from Beijing, played important roles on the high O3 concentrations in the boundary layer, but had limited impact on the O3 concentrations in the middle troposphere. A comparison of the data recorded before and after 2000 reveals that O3 in the lower troposphere over Beijing had a strong positive trend (approximately 2% per year from 1995 to 2005) in contrast to a flat or a decreasing trend over Tokyo, New York City, and Paris, indicating worsening photochemical pollution in Beijing and the NCPs.

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An Important Armenian MS. with Greek Miniatures

Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society ◽

10.1017/s0035869x00097884 ◽

1942 ◽

Vol 74 (3-4) ◽

pp. 155-162

Author(s):

H. Kurdian

Keyword(s):

New York ◽

New York City ◽

York City ◽

Christian Iconography

In 1941 while in New York City I was fortunate enough to purchase an Armenian MS. which I believe will be of interest to students of Eastern Christian iconography.

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Hospitals: N.Y. Appellate Court Denies Move to Privatize Public Hospital

The Journal of Law Medicine & Ethics ◽

10.1017/s1073110500012961 ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 27 (2) ◽

pp. 202-203

Author(s):

Robert Chatham

Keyword(s):

New York ◽

New York City ◽

York City ◽

Public Health System ◽

Municipal Hospital ◽

The Public ◽

Public Benefit ◽

For Profit ◽

Benefit Corporation ◽

The City

The Court of Appeals of New York held, in Council of the City of New York u. Giuliani, slip op. 02634, 1999 WL 179257 (N.Y. Mar. 30, 1999), that New York City may not privatize a public city hospital without state statutory authorization. The court found invalid a sublease of a municipal hospital operated by a public benefit corporation to a private, for-profit entity. The court reasoned that the controlling statute prescribed the operation of a municipal hospital as a government function that must be fulfilled by the public benefit corporation as long as it exists, and nothing short of legislative action could put an end to the corporation's existence.In 1969, the New York State legislature enacted the Health and Hospitals Corporation Act (HHCA), establishing the New York City Health and Hospitals Corporation (HHC) as an attempt to improve the New York City public health system. Thirty years later, on a renewed perception that the public health system was once again lacking, the city administration approved a sublease of Coney Island Hospital from HHC to PHS New York, Inc. (PHS), a private, for-profit entity.

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ASHA Voices: What a New York City SLP's Seen During COVID-19

PodCast Digital Object Group ◽

10.1044/2020-0730-ashavoices-tami-nyu-icu-covid ◽

2020 ◽

Keyword(s):

New York ◽

New York City ◽

York City

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Cultural Competence Needed to Distinguish Disorder from Difference: Beyond Kumbaya

Perspectives on Communication Disorders and Sciences in Culturally and Linguistically Diverse Populations ◽

10.1044/cds22.2.64 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 22 (2) ◽

pp. 64-76 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Catherine J. Crowley ◽

Kristin Guest ◽

Kenay Sudler

Keyword(s):

New York ◽

New York City ◽

Public Schools ◽

Cultural Competence ◽

York City ◽

Cultural Sensitivity ◽

Graduate Program ◽

Language Disorder ◽

New York State ◽

Deep Understanding

What does it mean to have true cultural competence as an speech-language pathologist (SLP)? In some areas of practice it may be enough to develop a perspective that values the expectations and identity of our clients and see them as partners in the therapeutic process. But when clinicians are asked to distinguish a language difference from a language disorder, cultural sensitivity is not enough. Rather, in these cases, cultural competence requires knowledge and skills in gathering data about a student's cultural and linguistic background and analyzing the student's language samples from that perspective. This article describes one American Speech-Language-Hearing Association (ASHA)-accredited graduate program in speech-language pathology and its approach to putting students on the path to becoming culturally competent SLPs, including challenges faced along the way. At Teachers College, Columbia University (TC) the program infuses knowledge of bilingualism and multiculturalism throughout the curriculum and offers bilingual students the opportunity to receive New York State certification as bilingual clinicians. Graduate students must demonstrate a deep understanding of the grammar of Standard American English and other varieties of English particularly those spoken in and around New York City. Two recent graduates of this graduate program contribute their perspectives on continuing to develop cultural competence while working with diverse students in New York City public schools.

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