Effect of fresh pomegranate juice on the level of melatonin, insulin, and fasting serum glucose in healthy individuals and people with impaired fasting glucose

Objective: Diabetic women have a greater relative risk of coronary heart disease than diabetic men. However, gender difference in the impact of blood glucose levels below diabetic range on risk of coronary heart disease is unclear. The aim of this study is to evaluate whether the association between nondiabetic blood glucose levels and the incident risk of coronary heart disease is different in men and women. Methods: We measured fasting serum glucose levels and other cardiovascular risk factors in 172,580 Koreans (108,461 men and 64,119 women), aged 35–59 years in 1990 and 1992. Our primary outcomes were hospital admissions and deaths from coronary heart disease in 11 year follow-up from 1993 to 2003. Cox proportional hazard models were used to estimate the hazard ratios for coronary heart disease according to the baseline fasting serum glucose levels, after adjustment for age, body mass index, blood pressure, total cholesterol level, and cigarette smoking. Results: During the 11 years, 3,769 coronary heart disease events occurred. Risk of coronary heart disease in men was significantly increased at fasting serum glucose levels of diabetic range (≥ 126 mg/dL), although risk of coronary heart disease in women was significantly increased from impaired fasting glucose levels ≥ 110 mg/dL. In fasting serum glucose levels ≥ 110 mg/dL, the hazard ratios for coronary heart disease incidence were higher in women than in men compared with women and men with fasting glucose levels <80mg/dL, respectively. There was no association between impaired fasting glucose from 100 to 109 mg/dL and risk of coronary heart disease neither in men nor in women. Conclusions: The stronger impact of fasting serum glucose levels on relative risk of coronary heart disease in women compared with in men was significant from impaired fasting glucose levels ≥ 110 mg/dL. Adjusted Hazard Ratios (HRs) for Coronary Heart Disease by Fasting Serum Glucose Levels

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Fresh Pomegranate Juice Decreases Fasting Serum Erythropoietin in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes

International Journal of Food Science ◽

10.1155/2019/1269341 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 2019 ◽

pp. 1-5 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Saleem A. Banihani ◽

Shuaibu M. Shuaibu ◽

Belal A. Al-Husein ◽

Seham S. Makahleh

Keyword(s):

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Serum Glucose ◽

Pomegranate Juice ◽

Healthy Individuals ◽

Fasting Serum ◽

Fasting Serum Glucose ◽

Chemiluminescent Immunoassay ◽

And Gender ◽

Serum Erythropoietin

Pomegranate juice (PJ) has been recognized to have various biological benefits in several pathological conditions. One such benefit is the augmentation of hemoglobin level and the number of erythrocytes in the human body. Here, we assessed the short-term effect of fresh PJ on the level of Erythropoietin (EPO) in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) compared to healthy individuals. Blood samples from 59 participants with T2D and 30 healthy individuals were collected after a 12-hour fast and 3 hours after administration of fresh PJ at 1.5 mL per kg body weight. Serum glucose was measured by standard method and commercially available chemiluminescent immunoassay kits were used to determine serum EPO concentration. Mean changes in serum EPO levels 3 hours after ingesting PJ and before the juice ingestion (EPO response to PJ) for both diabetic and healthy participants were -2.002 ± 0.541 vs. - 0.041 ± 0.214, respectively (P = 0.0087). This EPO response to PJ was found not to be correlated with age (P = 0.6622) and gender (P = 0.5354) for patients with T2D, while a negative correlation (P = 0.0183) between EPO response to PJ and fasting serum glucose concentrations was observed in these patients. In conclusion, fresh PJ reduced serum EPO level in patients with T2D, but not in healthy individuals, 3 hours after ingesting the juice. The EPO response to PJ was found to be negatively correlated with fasting serum glucose, but not with age and gender, of patients with T2D. This trial is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier. NCT03902288.

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A Quantitative Trait Locus on Chromosome 13q Affects Fasting Glucose Levels in Hispanic Children

The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism ◽

10.1210/jc.2007-1695 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 92 (12) ◽

pp. 4893-4896 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Guowen Cai ◽

Shelley A. Cole ◽

Nancy F. Butte ◽

V. Saroja Voruganti ◽

Anthony G. Comuzzie

Keyword(s):

Quantitative Trait Locus ◽

Quantitative Trait ◽

Fasting Glucose ◽

Serum Glucose ◽

Fasting Serum ◽

Hispanic Children ◽

Fasting Serum Glucose ◽

Glucose Levels ◽

Trait Locus ◽

Chromosome 13Q

Abstract Objective: The prevalence of childhood obesity has increased dramatically in the United States. Early presentation of type 2 diabetes has been observed in children and adolescents, especially in the Hispanic population. The genetic contribution of glucose homeostasis related to childhood obesity is poorly understood. The objective of this study was to localize quantitative trait loci influencing fasting serum glucose levels in Hispanic children participating in the Viva La Familia Study. Design: Subjects were 1030 children ascertained through an overweight child from 319 Hispanic families. Fasting serum glucose levels were measured enzymatically, and genetic linkage analyses were conducted using SOLAR software. Results: Fasting glucose was heritable, with a heritability of 0.62 ± 0.08 (P < 0.01). Genome-wide scan mapped fasting serum glucose to markers D13S158–D13S173 on chromosome 13q (LOD score of 4.6). A strong positional candidate gene is insulin receptor substrate 2, regulator of glucose homeostasis and a candidate gene for obesity. This region was reported previously to be linked to obesity- and diabetes-related phenotypes. Conclusions: A quantitative trait locus on chromosome 13q contributes to the variation in fasting serum glucose levels in Hispanic children at high risk for obesity.

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