Anaplastic transformation of thyroid cancer: Review of clinical, pathologic, and molecular evidence provides new insights into disease biology and future therapy

Head & Neck ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 25 (8) ◽  
pp. 662-670 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sam M. Wiseman ◽  
Thom R. Loree ◽  
Nestor R. Rigual ◽  
Wesley L. Hicks ◽  
Wade G. Douglas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Cancer ◽  
Molecular Evidence ◽  
Cancer Review ◽  
Disease Biology ◽  
Anaplastic Transformation ◽  
Future Therapy

scholarly journals A Case of Thyroid Papillary Carcinoma: Remarkable Decrease in Multiple Lung Metastases within 40 Years after a Single Administration of Radioiodine without Thyroidectomy and with Later Anaplastic Transformation

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 928-937 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chio Okuyama ◽  
Mitsuhiro Kimura ◽  
Minori Oda ◽  
Naohiro Kodani ◽  
Norihiro Aibe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Cancer ◽  
Total Thyroidectomy ◽  
Pulmonary Metastases ◽  
Lung Metastases ◽  
Distant Metastases ◽  
Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer ◽  
Anaplastic Carcinoma ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Childhood And Adolescence ◽  
Anaplastic Transformation

Differentiated thyroid carcinoma is an uncommon malignancy of childhood and adolescence that is unique because it has an overall favorable prognosis despite its relatively high rate of nodal and distant metastases. Total thyroidectomy and positive 131I therapy are recommended for cases with pulmonary metastases. In contrast, anaplastic thyroid cancer is one of the most aggressive malignancies that have an unfavorable and miserable prognosis. We report a case with an impressively long history. The patient had multiple pulmonary metastases that had been diagnosed by 131I administration when he was 14 years old, about 45 years before he underwent thyroidectomy. He had been kept unaware of his disease by his family and received no treatment for most of his life. Pulmonary nodules were noted at several medical checkups and showed a remarkable decrease in size during the untreated 44-year period after the 131I administration. At age 58, his thyroid cancer was first detected and total thyroidectomy was performed, with subsequent radioiodine therapy for pulmonary metastases. Unfortunately, anaplastic carcinoma developed and he died of disseminated tumors later.

scholarly journals Surgical management of papillary thyroid cancer: review of current evidence and consensus

2019 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Umesh Jayarajah ◽  
Kavinda Nagodavithane ◽  
Oshan Basnayake ◽  
Sanjeewa Seneviratne
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Cancer ◽  
Papillary Thyroid Cancer ◽  
Surgical Management ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Papillary Thyroid ◽  
Cancer Review

scholarly journals Metabolic reprogramming and its clinical application in thyroid cancer (Review)

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shi-Shuai Wen ◽  
Ting-Ting Zhang ◽  
Di-Xin Xue ◽  
Wei-Li Wu ◽  
Yu-Long Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Cancer ◽  
Clinical Application ◽  
Metabolic Reprogramming ◽  
Cancer Review

scholarly journals Anaplastic Transformation of Papillary Thyroid Cancer in the Retroperitoneum

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
James P. Solomon ◽  
Fang Wen ◽  
Lily J. Jih
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Cancer ◽  
Thyroid Carcinoma ◽  
Rare Case ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Anaplastic Thyroid Carcinoma ◽  
Papillary Thyroid ◽  
Cervical Lymph Nodes ◽  
Anaplastic Transformation ◽  
Metastatic Sites ◽  
Aggressive Variant

Anaplastic thyroid carcinoma is an aggressive variant of thyroid cancer that in most cases arises from anaplastic transformation of terminally differentiated thyroid carcinomas. This process usually occurs in the thyroid or cervical lymph nodes. Anaplastic transformation in distant metastatic sites is exceedingly rare, only previously documented in a few case reports. We report a rare case of anaplastic transformation of papillary thyroid carcinoma within a large retroperitoneal metastasis in a 64-year-old male 30 years after the initial diagnosis.

Thyroid cancer review 1: presentation and investigation of thyroid cancer

2005 ◽  
Vol 59 (11) ◽  
pp. 1340-1344 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Nix ◽  
A. Nicolaides ◽  
A. P. Coatesworth
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Cancer ◽  
Cancer Review

scholarly journals Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Thyroid as a Result of Anaplastic Transformation from BRAF-Positive Papillary Thyroid Cancer

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alina Basnet ◽  
Aakriti Pandita ◽  
Joseph Fullmer ◽  
Abirami Sivapiragasam
Keyword(s):  
Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Thyroid Cancer ◽  
Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma ◽  
Thyroid Carcinoma ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Papillary Thyroid Cancer ◽  
Squamous Cell ◽  
Malignant Neoplasm ◽  
Papillary Thyroid ◽  
Anaplastic Transformation

Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is the most common malignant neoplasm of the thyroid. Majority of the PTC carries an excellent prognosis. However, patients with tall cell variant (TCV) of papillary thyroid carcinoma have a worse prognosis than those with the classic variant. On the other hand, squamous cell carcinoma of the thyroid (SCT) is an unusual neoplasm thought to arise as a primary tumor or as a component of an anaplastic or undifferentiated carcinoma. We report a patient with TCV of PTC presenting years later with squamous transformation. In addition, the patient was found to have BRAF mutation. Such dedifferentiation is considered to be a rare phenomenon and has been reported only in the form of case reports in the literature. The relationship between BRAFV600E mutation and squamous cell transformation of papillary thyroid cancer is unknown at this time. Meticulous pathology is needed to identify such variants. Our patient responded to treatment with concurrent chemotherapy with carboplatin and paclitaxel along with radiation.

scholarly journals Surgical treatment for anaplastic thyroid cancer

2003 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 186-186
Author(s):  
Vladan Zivaljevic ◽  
Aleksandar Diklic ◽  
Ksenija Krgovic ◽  
Milena Kazic ◽  
Nevena Kalezic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Cancer ◽  
Papillary Thyroid Cancer ◽  
Histological Analysis ◽  
Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer ◽  
Fine Needle Biopsy ◽  
Endocrine Surgery ◽  
Papillary Thyroid ◽  
Anaplastic Transformation ◽  
Thyroid Goiter ◽  
Male Patients

Background: Anaplastic thyroid cancer is relatively rare but extremely aggressive neoplasm. The aim of the present paper was to study the possibility of surgery for anaplastic thyroid cancer. Methods: During 5-year period (from 1998 to 2002) in the Center for endocrine surgery, we found anaplastic thyroid cancer in 65 patients (44 female and 21 male patients) of median age 63 years (range: 37-88 years). Diagnosis was determined on the basis of histological analysis in operated patients or on cytology findings in case of patients who were not operated. Histological analysis confirmed anaplastic transformation of papillary thyroid cancer in 18 cases. Results In 50% patients we performed only fine needle biopsy, and in 37% patients operative biopsy or tumor reduction. We performed radical surgery hemithyroidectomy or total thyroidectomy, in 13% patients with anaplastic thyroid cancer. Thyroid goiter was present in 35% patients longer than a year before diagnosis of anaplastic cancer was made. Conclusion: Possibility of surgery for anaplastic thyroid cancer is very limited. In about one third of patients there were longstanding goiter or histological verified dedifferentiation of papillary thyroid cancer. These patients should have been operated before anaplastic transformation.

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