Perinatal iron deficiency results in altered developmental expression of genes mediating energy metabolism and neuronal morphogenesis in hippocampus

Abstract Iron deficiency occurs when iron demands chronically exceed intake, and is prevalent in pregnant women. Iron deficiency during pregnancy poses major risks for the baby, including fetal growth restriction and long-term health complications. The placenta serves as the interface between a pregnant mother and her baby, and ensures adequate nutrient provisions for the fetus. Thus, maternal iron deficiency may impact fetal growth and development by altering placental function. We used a rat model of diet-induced iron deficiency to investigate changes in placental growth and development. Pregnant Sprague-Dawley rats were fed either a low-iron or iron-replete diet starting two weeks before mating. Compared to controls, both maternal and fetal hemoglobin were reduced in dams fed low-iron diets. Iron deficiency decreased fetal liver and body weight, but not brain, heart or kidney weight. Placental weight was increased in iron deficiency, due primarily to expansion of the placental junctional zone. The stimulatory effect of iron deficiency on junctional zone development was recapitulated in vitro, as exposure of rat trophoblast stem cells to the iron chelator deferoxamine increased differentiation toward junctional zone trophoblast subtypes. Gene expression analysis revealed 464 transcripts changed at least 1.5-fold (P<0.05) in placentas from iron-deficient dams, including altered expression of genes associated with oxygen transport and lipoprotein metabolism. Expression of genes associated with iron homeostasis was unchanged despite differences in levels of their encoded proteins. Our findings reveal robust changes in placentation during maternal iron deficiency, which could contribute to the increased risk of fetal distress in these pregnancies.

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Impact of post-ruminally infused macronutrients on bovine mammary gland expression of genes involved in fatty acid synthesis, energy metabolism, and protein synthesis measured in RNA isolated from milk fat

Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology ◽

10.1186/s40104-020-00456-z ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Kelly Nichols ◽

André Bannink ◽

Jurgen van Baal ◽

Jan Dijkstra

Keyword(s):

Protein Synthesis ◽

Mammary Gland ◽

Fatty Acid ◽

Energy Metabolism ◽

Fatty Acid Synthesis ◽

Milk Fat ◽

Acid Synthesis ◽

Bovine Mammary Gland ◽

Expression Of Genes ◽

Mammary Gland Expression

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Disrupted expression of genes essential for skeletal muscle fibre integrity and energy metabolism in Vitamin D deficient rats

The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology ◽

10.1016/j.jsbmb.2019.105525 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 197 ◽

pp. 105525 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Ramesh Gogulothu ◽

Devika Nagar ◽

Srividya Gopalakrishnan ◽

Venkat R. Garlapati ◽

Prathap R. Kallamadi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Skeletal Muscle ◽

Vitamin D ◽

Energy Metabolism ◽

Muscle Fibre ◽

Skeletal Muscle Fibre ◽

Expression Of Genes

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Expression of genes related to soil flooding tolerance in soybeans

Acta Scientiarum Agronomy ◽

10.4025/actasciagron.v41i1.42709 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 41 ◽

pp. e42709

Author(s):

Gabriele Casarotto ◽

Tiago Edu Kaspary ◽

Luan Cutti ◽

André Luis Thomas ◽

Jose Fernandes Barbosa Neto

Keyword(s):

Energy Metabolism ◽

Structural Changes ◽

Reducing Power ◽

Redox Status ◽

Development Stage ◽

Xyloglucan Endotransglycosylase ◽

Relative Expression ◽

Soil Flooding ◽

Expression Of Genes ◽

Soybean Plants

The flooded environment brings about injuries to soybeans that vary depending on the adaptation ability of the genotype. Oxygen deprivation promotes the induction of the expression of genes related to glycolysis and fermentation pathways to maintain energy metabolism and, in addition to reducing-power consuming processes, act in the formation of adaptive structures and the maintenance of the redox status of the plant. The aim of this work was to evaluate the relative expression of genes related to soil flooding response in two contrasting soybean cultivars. Soybean plants of the sensitive (BRS 154) and tolerant (I27) cultivars at the V1 development stage were submitted to the flooding and control conditions (without flooding) for 0, 24, 48, and 96 hours. The relative expression of genes associated with flooding, including enolase (ENO), alcohol dehydrogenase 1 (ADH1), alanine aminotransferase 2 (ALAT2), hemoglobin 1 (GLB1), LOB41 domain-containing protein (LBD41), xyloglucan endotransglycosylase (XETP) and ascorbate peroxidase (APX2), was evaluated by means of RT-qPCR. The relative expression, in general, increased with flooding, especially in the root tissue. Cultivar I27 responded positively as observed by the expression of the maintenance genes of energy metabolism, structural changes and detoxification, suggesting the presence of three tolerance mechanisms in the flooding response.

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