GEOPERCEPTION IN PRIMARY AND LATERAL ROOTS OF PHASEOLUS VULGARIS (FABACEAE). I. STRUCTURE OF COLUMELLA CELLS

1983 ◽  
Vol 70 (7) ◽  
pp. 1048-1056 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Steven Ransom ◽  
Randy Moore
Keyword(s):  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Lateral Roots ◽  
Columella Cells ◽  
Primary And Lateral Roots

Geoperception in primary and lateral roots of Phaseolus vulgaris (Fabaceae). II. Intracellular distribution of organelles in columella cells

1984 ◽  
Vol 62 (5) ◽  
pp. 1090-1094 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Steven Ransom ◽  
Randy Moore
Keyword(s):  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Lateral Roots ◽  
Relative Volume ◽  
Precise Location ◽  
Primary Roots ◽  
Columella Cells ◽  
Primary And Lateral Roots ◽  
Cellular Components

A morphometric analysis of the ultrastructures of columella cells in primary and lateral roots of Phaseolus vulgaris was performed to determine the precise location of cellular components in these cells. Roots were fixed in situ to preserve the in vivo ultrastructure of the cells. All cellular components in columella cells of both types of roots were distributed asymmetrically. The nucleus and vacuome were located primarily in the middle third of both types of columella cells. Dictyosomes, mitochondria, and amyloplasts were most abundant in the lower third of the columella cells in both types of roots. The distribution of amyloplasts was the most asymmetrical of all cellular components examined, with the lower third of the columella cells containing approximately 90% of the relative volume of amyloplasts in both types of roots. The distribution of cellular components in columella cells of primary roots was not significantly different from that of columella cells of lateral roots. These results indicate that differences in georesponsiveness of primary and lateral roots of P. vulgaris are probably due to factors other than the ultrastructures of their individual columella cells.

Geoperception in primary and lateral roots of Phaseolus vulgaris (Fabaceae). III. A model to explain the differential georesponsiveness of primary and lateral roots

1985 ◽  
Vol 63 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Steven Ransom ◽  
Randy Moore
Keyword(s):  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Concentration Gradient ◽  
Lateral Root ◽  
Lateral Roots ◽  
Primary Root ◽  
Growth Inhibitors ◽  
Gravitropic Response ◽  
Primary Roots ◽  
Primary And Lateral Roots

Half-tipped primary and lateral roots of Phaseolus vulgaris bend toward the side of the root on which the intact half tip remains. Therefore, tips of lateral and primary roots produce growth effectors capable of inducing gravicurvature. The asymmetrical placement of a tip of a lateral root onto a detipped primary root results in the root bending toward the side of the root onto which the tip was placed. That is, the lesser graviresponsiveness of lateral roots as compared with primary roots is not due to the inability of their caps to produce growth inhibitors. The more pronounced graviresponsiveness of primary roots is positively correlated with the presence of columella tissues that are 3.8 times longer, 1.7 times wider, and 10.5 times more voluminous than the columellas of lateral roots. We propose that the lack of graviresponsiveness exhibited by lateral roots is due to the facts that they (i) produce smaller amounts of the inhibitor than primary (i.e., strongly graviresponsive) roots and (ii) are unable to redistribute the inhibitor so as to be able to create a concentration gradient sufficient to induce a pronounced gravitropic response.

scholarly journals Spatiotemporal Pattern of Ectopic Cell Divisions Contribute to Mis-Shaped Phenotype of Primary and Lateral Roots of katanin1 Mutant

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miroslav Ovečka ◽  
Ivan Luptovčiak ◽  
George Komis ◽  
Olga Šamajová ◽  
Despina Samakovli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lateral Roots ◽  
Spatiotemporal Pattern ◽  
Cell Divisions ◽  
Primary And Lateral Roots

Effect of organic pollutant treatment on the growth of pea and maize seedlings

2012 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 159-166 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marie Kummerová ◽  
Štěpán Zezulka ◽  
Lucie Váňová ◽  
Helena Fišerová
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Seed Germination ◽  
Lateral Roots ◽  
Organic Pollutant ◽  
Primary Root ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Considerable Effect ◽  
Maize Seedlings ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic ◽  
Primary And Lateral Roots

AbstractThis study confirmed the considerable effect of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon fluoranthene (FLT; 0.01, 0.1, 1, 4 and 7 mg/l) exposure on the germination of seeds, growth and root morphology of seedlings in Zea mays and Pisum sativum. Seed germination was significantly inhibited at FLT≥0.01 mg/l in maize and at ≥1 mg/l in pea. The amount of released ethylene after 3 days of germination was significantly increased in both species at FLT≥0.1 mg/l. After 7 days of seedling cultivation a significant decrease in the dry weight of roots and shoots occurred in maize at FLT≥0.1 mg/l while in pea similar effect was observed at ≥1 mg/l. The total length of primary and lateral roots was significantly reduced by FLT≥1 mg/l in maize and by 4 and 7 mg/l in pea. The length of the non-branched part of the primary root was significantly reduced by FLT≥0.1 mg/l in maize and ≥0.01 mg/l in pea. In both species the number of lateral roots was significantly increased at FLT≤1 mg/l and inhibited at concentrations of 4 and 7 mg/l. Fluoranthene content in roots and shoots of both species positively correlated with the FLT treatment.

scholarly journals Antagonistic and auxin-dependent phosphoregulation of columella PIN proteins controls lateral root gravitropic setpoint angle in Arabidopsis

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suruchi Roychoudhry ◽  
Katelyn Sageman-Furnas ◽  
Chris Wolverton ◽  
Heather L. Goodman ◽  
Peter Grones ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Basis ◽  
Lateral Root ◽  
Auxin Transport ◽  
Lateral Roots ◽  
Gravity Vector ◽  
Independent Manner ◽  
Gravitropic Response ◽  
Auxin Distribution ◽  
Columella Cells ◽  
Molecular Framework

AbstractLateral roots of many species are maintained at non-vertical angles with respect to gravity. These gravitropic setpoint angles (GSAs) are intriguing because their maintenance requires that roots are able to effect gravitropic response both with and against the gravity vector. Here we have used the Arabidopsis lateral root in order to investigate the molecular basis of the maintenance of non-vertical GSAs. We show that gravitropism in the lateral root is angle-dependent and that both upward and downward graviresponse requires auxin transport and the generation of auxin asymmetries consistent with the Cholodny-Went model. We show that the symmetry in auxin distribution in lateral roots growing at GSA can be traced back to a net, balanced polarization of PIN3 and PIN7 auxin transporters in the columella cells. Further, upward and downward graviresponse in lateral roots correlates with corresponding changes in PIN3 and PIN7 polar localisation. Finally, we show that auxin, in addition to driving tropic growth in the lateral root, acts within the columella to regulate GSA via the PIN phosphatase subunit RCN1 in a PIN3-dependent and PIN7-independent manner. Together, these findings provide a molecular framework for understanding gravity-dependent nonvertical growth in Arabidopsis lateral roots.

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