Multiparametric whole-body anatomic, functional, and metabolic imaging characteristics of peripheral lesions in patients with schwannomatosis

2016 ◽  
Vol 44 (4) ◽  
pp. 794-803 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shivani Ahlawat ◽  
Asad Baig ◽  
Jaishri O. Blakeley ◽  
Michael A. Jacobs ◽  
Laura M. Fayad
Keyword(s):  
Whole Body ◽  
Metabolic Imaging ◽  
Imaging Characteristics

scholarly journals Evaluation of primary breast cancers using dedicated breast PET and whole-body PET

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Deep K. Hathi ◽  
Wen Li ◽  
Youngho Seo ◽  
Robert R. Flavell ◽  
John Kornak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Response ◽  
Dynamic Range ◽  
Imaging Modality ◽  
Locally Advanced Breast Cancer ◽  
Locally Advanced ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Metabolic Imaging ◽  
Primary Breast Tumor ◽  
Fdg Uptake ◽  
Dedicated Breast Pet

AbstractMetabolic imaging of the primary breast tumor with 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose ([18F]FDG) PET may assist in predicting treatment response in the neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) setting. Dedicated breast PET (dbPET) is a high-resolution imaging modality with demonstrated ability in highlighting intratumoral heterogeneity and identifying small lesions in the breast volume. In this study, we characterized similarities and differences in the uptake of [18F]FDG in dbPET compared to whole-body PET (wbPET) in a cohort of ten patients with biopsy-confirmed, locally advanced breast cancer at the pre-treatment timepoint. Patients received bilateral dbPET and wbPET following administration of 186 MBq and 307 MBq [18F]FDG on separate days, respectively. [18F]FDG uptake measurements and 20 radiomic features based on morphology, tumor intensity, and texture were calculated and compared. There was a fivefold increase in SULpeak for dbPET (median difference (95% CI): 4.0 mL−1 (1.8–6.4 mL−1), p = 0.006). Additionally, spatial heterogeneity features showed statistically significant differences between dbPET and wbPET. The higher [18F]FDG uptake in dbPET highlighted the dynamic range of this breast-specific imaging modality. Combining with the higher spatial resolution, dbPET may be able to detect treatment response in the primary tumor during NAC, and future studies with larger cohorts are warranted.

scholarly journals CS-1 Cerebellar liponeurocytoma; Report of two cases with detailed metabolic, immunohistochemical, and genetic evaluations

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_6) ◽  
pp. vi27-vi27
Author(s):  
Miyuki Shimizu ◽  
Shinichi Origuchi ◽  
Seiichiro Hirono ◽  
Tomoo Matsutani ◽  
Masayuki Oota ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Accumulation ◽  
Splice Site Mutation ◽  
Residual Tumor ◽  
World Health ◽  
Metabolic Imaging ◽  
Site Mutation ◽  
Genetic Profiling ◽  
Imaging Characteristics ◽  
Positron Emission ◽  
Cerebellar Liponeurocytoma

Abstract Cerebellar liponeurocytoma (cLNC), World Health Organization grade II neoplasm, is a rare brain tumor characterized by advanced neuronal/neurocytic differentiation and focal lipid accumulation in neuroepithelial tumor cells. However, the expression and genetic profiling of cLNC, as well as metabolic imaging characteristics, have been poorly studied. Two patients with lower vermian tumors were operated on with telovelar approach. Moderate methionine uptake in positron emission tomography was observed in both cases. Histologically, the tumor was composed of small, uniform cells with round nuclei in a sheet-like fashion. Vacuolate cells with displacement of nuclei suggested the lipid accumulation, which was further supported by immunohistochemical staining of S-100. Although the extent of lipidization was relatively low compared with the reported cLNC cases, the immunohistochemical findings confirmed the diagnosis of cLNC. Next-generation sequencing of tumoral DNA in one case detected a splice site mutation of the ATRX gene, which is the first observation in the literature. Neither chemotherapy nor radiotherapy were administered postoperatively in both cases. In one case with spinal dissemination, residual tumor demonstrated progression 7 months after the resection. Long term follow-up data of cLNC cases with detailed expression and genetic profiles are essential for precise diagnosis and better understanding of the oncogenic pathway as well as the natural history of cLNC.

scholarly journals Metabolic imaging characteristics of a rare disseminated synovial sarcoma diagnosed by brain biopsy

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zehra Pınar Koç ◽  
Pınar Pelin Özcan ◽  
Vural Hamzaoğlu ◽  
Emel Avcı ◽  
Mehmet Yaldız
Keyword(s):  
Synovial Sarcoma ◽  
Brain Biopsy ◽  
Metabolic Imaging ◽  
Imaging Characteristics

Quantitative analysis of antibody localization in human metastatic colon cancer: a phase I study of monoclonal antibody A33.

1990 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 1894-1906 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Welt ◽  
C R Divgi ◽  
F X Real ◽  
S D Yeh ◽  
P Garin-Chesa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Monoclonal Antibody ◽  
Specific Antibody ◽  
Hepatic Metastases ◽  
Blood Pool ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Whole Body Imaging ◽  
Metastatic Colon Cancer ◽  
Computed Tomographic ◽  
Colon Cancers ◽  
Imaging Characteristics

A33 is a mouse immunoglobulin G2a (IgG2a) monoclonal antibody (mAb) that detects a heat-stable, protease- and neuraminidase-resistant epitope. The antigen is homogeneously expressed by virtually all colon cancers and in the colon mucosa but not other epithelial tissues. The biodistribution and imaging characteristics of iodine-131 (131I)-mAbA33 were studied in colorectal carcinoma patients with hepatic metastases. Antibody labeled with 2 to 5 mCi of 131I was administered intravenously (IV) 7 to 8 days before surgery at five dose levels, ranging from 0.2 mg to 50 mg, with three or more patients entered at each dose level. In addition, three patients received 2 mg 131I-mAbTA99 (an isotype-matched control mAb) together with 125I-mAbA33. Evaluation included whole-body imaging with a gamma camera, technetium-99 (99mTc)-human serum albumin blood pool scans, liver/spleen scans, abdominal computed tomographic (CT) scans, hepatic arteriograms, antibody pharmacokinetics, and assessment of antibody distribution in biopsied malignant and normal tissues. Selective mAbA33 localization to tumor tissue was demonstrated in 19 of 20 patients, and external imaging correlated with surgical inspection, pathologic examination, and tissue radioactivity. One week after antibody administration, tumor:liver ratios ranged from 6.9:1 to 100:1 and tumor:serum ratios from 4.1:1 to 25.2:1. 99mTc-albumin blood pool studies showed that liver metastases were hypovascular, emphasizing the selective localization of mAbA33 despite poor tumor-blood flow. Control mAbTA99 studies showed mAbA33 localization was antigen-specific; tumor:liver ratios were 2.3- to 45-fold higher for specific antibody. In metastatic lesions, radioisotope was localized primarily in the viable periphery; however, even the necrotic tumor core concentrated specific antibody. External imaging showed isotope visualization in some patients' large bowel; whether this represents specific antibody uptake or gastric iodine secretion is unclear.

scholarly journals Ultrahigh-Field MR (7 T) Imaging of Brain Lesions in Neuromyelitis Optica

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ilya Kister ◽  
Joseph Herbert ◽  
Yongxia Zhou ◽  
Yulin Ge
Keyword(s):  
Neuromyelitis Optica ◽  
Disease Duration ◽  
Subcortical White Matter ◽  
Brain Lesions ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Consistent Finding ◽  
Ultrahigh Field ◽  
Imaging Characteristics ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Field Imaging

Background. Brain lesions are common in neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOsd) and may resemble lesions of multiple sclerosis (MS).Objectives. To describe the imaging characteristics of supratentorial lesions in NMOsd on ultrahigh-field (7 T) MRI with special attention to vessel-lesion relationship.Methods. Ten NMOsd patients, all women and all seropositive for NMO IgG, with mean age of 51.3 ± 15.4 years and disease duration of 9.2 ± 6.4 years, were scanned at a 7 T whole-body human MR system with high-resolution 2D gradient echo sequence optimized to best visualize lesions and venous structures, T2- and T1-weighted imaging.Results. In 10 patients with NMOsd, a total of 92 lesions were observed (mean: 9.2 ± 8.8; range: 2–30), but only 8 lesions (9%) were traversed by a central venule. All lesions were <5 mm in diameter, and 83% were located in subcortical white matter. There were no lesions in the cortex or basal ganglia. Two patients exhibited diffuse periependymal abnormalities on FLAIR.Conclusions. Small, subcortical lesions without a central venule are the most consistent finding of NMOsd on 7 T MRI of the brain. Ultrahigh-field imaging may be useful for differentiating between NMOsd and MS.

scholarly journals A Mass in Disguise: A Rare Case of High-Attenuation Adrenal Myelolipoma

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. A987-A987
Author(s):  
Yoon Kook Kim ◽  
Rana Malek
Keyword(s):  
Resistant Hypertension ◽  
Adrenal Mass ◽  
Rare Case ◽  
Odontoid Fracture ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Adrenal Incidentalomas ◽  
Imaging Studies ◽  
Urinary Cortisol ◽  
Imaging Characteristics ◽  
History Of

Abstract Background: Adrenal incidentalomas are common, and imaging studies play a large role in reaching the diagnosis in many cases. Adrenal myelolipomas are classically diagnosed by CT as a hypodense well circumscribed heterogenous mass with low attenuation. Clinical Case: A 51-year-old man with history of resistant hypertension presented with neck pain after a motor vehicle crash. After a cervical X-ray revealed an odontoid fracture, a whole body CT was obtained. The CT incidentally identified a massive heterogeneous left adrenal mass measuring 22.3 × 15.5 × 20.6 cm, with multiple attenuation measurements ranging from 20 to 53 Hounsfield units (HU). The patient’s physical examination and hormonal assessment were both unrevealing, with normal catecholamine, androgen, and an unremarkable renin aldosterone ratio. Inpatient urinary cortisol levels were elevated, however a repeat urinary cortisol as an outpatient weeks after repair of the odontoid fracture showed normal levels, suggesting physiologic stress response. Positron emission tomography showed a metabolically inactive adrenal mass without metastatic diseases. The patient eventually underwent a left adrenalectomy, and pathology revealed a myelolipoma measuring 24.2 × 20.5 × 8.3 cm. Imaging characteristics for adrenal incidentalomas are considered useful diagnostic information according to most clinical guidelines. Lesions with high HU are typically pheochromocytomas, adrenocortical carcinoma, metastatic disease, or lipid poor adenomas. Myelolipomas are identified on CT by their characteristically low HU (often -30). In this case of a massive myelolipoma with high HU, the unique imaging characteristics posed a diagnostic challenge. The patient’s history of resistant hypertension combined with the high HU led to the patient undergoing extensive testing for a functional mass or cancer. Conclusion: This is a rare case of a massive myelolipoma with low attenuation. The role of imaging studies in the diagnosis of adrenal incidentalomas is not definitive, and detailed exam along with hormonal assessment may be warranted in atypical cases. Providers should consider myelolipoma in the differential diagnosis of a large adrenal mass with a negative hormonal evaluation even in the setting of high HU.

Prediction of response to therapy with clarithromycin/lenalidomide/dexamethasone (BIRD) in multiple myeloma using FDG-PET

2006 ◽  
Vol 24 (18_suppl) ◽  
pp. 17530-17530
Author(s):  
M. Coleman ◽  
L. Kostakoglu ◽  
S. J. Goldsmith ◽  
M. Liu ◽  
P. Christos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Myeloma ◽  
Fdg Pet ◽  
Therapy Response ◽  
Response To Therapy ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Metabolic Imaging ◽  
Appendicular Skeleton ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
The Mean

17530 Background: End points based on functional imaging data hold promise to better define and stratify response. As a metabolic imaging modality, FDG-PET can characterize tumor aggressiveness and thus can serve as an early surrogate for therapy response. The combination therapy with BIRD augments tumor mass reduction and improves response in patients with multiple myeloma (MM). The purpose of this study is to determine the value of pre-therapy FDG-PET in predicting therapy response in MM patients undergoing BIRD therapy. Methods: A total of 13 patients with MM (mean age: 60 ± 11) underwent a whole body FDG-PET scan at initial staging prior to BIRD therapy. FDG uptake was qualitatively evaluated in 5 different patterns:minimally diffuse (score 1), focal (score 2), multifocal (score 3), diffuse (score 4) and extramedullary (score 5). Standardized uptake values (SUVmax) were obtained in osseous and extramedullary lesions for quantitative evaluation. Mean SUVmax were also calculated in 14 representative anatomic sites in the axial and appendicular skeleton in 20 age-matched control patients with no osseous malignancy. Ratios of the mean lesion SUVmax to the mean SUVmax in corresponding osseous sections from the control group were calculated. A score was obtained for each patient to reflect disease extent or severity by adding the ratios for each individual lesion. The qualitative and quantitative scores were correlated with the standard response criteria. Results: The results are summarized in the following Table . The pre-therapy qualitative and quantitative scores correlated well with the percent therapy response to BIRD regimen (r = −0.58, p = 0.04 and r = −0.53, p = 0.06, respectively). Conclusions: The pre-therapy FDG-PET scoring system we have developed appears to correlate with the subsequent therapy response to BIRD regimen. Expanded number of patients are warranted to confirm the results of this study. [Table: see text] No significant financial relationships to disclose.

scholarly journals Focal nodular marrow hyperplasia: Imaging features of 53 cases

2020 ◽  
Vol 93 (1112) ◽  
pp. 20200206 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramanan Rajakulasingam ◽  
Asif Saifuddin
Keyword(s):  
Single Photon ◽  
Spin Echo ◽  
Photon Emission ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Emission Computed Tomography ◽  
Imaging Features ◽  
Marrow Fat ◽  
Imaging Characteristics ◽  
Focal Uptake

Objective: To describe the characteristic imaging features of focal nodular marrow hyperplasia (FNMH). Methods and materials: Retrospective review of all patients with a diagnosis of FNMH between January 2007 and September 2019. Results: The study included 53 patients, 7 males and 46 females with a mean age of 58 years (range 12–95 years). All had MRI with conventional spin echo sequences showing a poorly defined round/oval lesion with mild T1W iso/hyperintensity compared to skeletal muscle, low T2W turbo spin echo (TSE) signal intensity (SI) compared to marrow fat and variable SI on STIR, but never associated with reactive marrow oedema. All 53 patients had follow-up MRI, with all lesions remaining stable or partially resolving. In-phase (IP) and out-of-phase (OP) chemical shift imaging (CSI) was obtained in 31 of these, with 28 (90.3%) showing >20% SI drop on the OP sequence, while 3 (9.7%) demonstrated <20% SI drop. CT was available in 26 cases, 17 (65.4%) showing mild medullary sclerosis. Single-photon emission computed tomography CT (SPECT-CT) was available in four cases and Flourodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography CT (FDG PET-CT) in 2, all showing increased uptake. Focal uptake was also seen in three of eight patients who had undergone whole body bone scintigraphy. Only one lesion was biopsied, confirming FNMH. Conclusion: The imaging appearances of FNMH have been described on various modalities, particularly MRI with emphasis on the role of IP and OP CSI typically demonstrating >20% SI reduction. FNMH should be recognised and treated as a 'do not touch' lesion which does not require biopsy or prolonged follow-up. Advances in knowledge: We describe and clarify the imaging characteristics of FNMH on MRI, including CSI, CT and various nuclear medicine modalities. An imaging algorithm is suggested for allowing a non-invasive diagnosis.

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