International tourism and economic development in South Africa: a Granger causality test

2009 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 149-163 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oludele A. Akinboade ◽  
Lydia A. Braimoh
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Granger Causality ◽  
Granger Causality Test ◽  
International Tourism ◽  
Causality Test

Assessing Financial Integration of BRICS Equity Markets: An Empirical Analysis

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 127-138 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Vineesh Prakash ◽  
D. K. Nauriyal ◽  
Sandeep Kaur
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Granger Causality ◽  
Financial Integration ◽  
Equity Markets ◽  
Granger Causality Test ◽  
Causality Test ◽  
Vector Error Correction ◽  
Vector Error ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Johansen Cointegration Test

This article examines the degree of financial integration among the equity markets of Brazil, Russia, India, China, and South Africa (BRICS) by using monthly data collected for the period 2005–2014. The study employs Johansen cointegration test, vector error correction model (VECM), and Granger causality test which confirm the existence of relationship in the short and long run among the equity markets of BRICS. Further results exhibit that there exists cointegration or a long-run relationship among the equity markets, but weak cointegration, though the results of Granger causality test do not display existence of any causality among market pairs such as China–Brazil, Russia–Brazil, South Africa–Brazil, Russia–China, and South Africa–India. The results indicate that even though the financial integration among the equity markets of BRICS is on ascendance, it is yet incomplete. This work suggests harmonization of laws, regulations, and operations based on international principles and appropriate regulatory supervision among BRICS nations in order to minimize the risk of financial integration, besides further relaxing restrictions on capital account for expedited financial integration.

scholarly journals THE DIRECTION ANALYSIS OF CAUSALITY BETWEEN ECONOMIC AND BANK CREDIT GROWTH IN SOUTH AFRICA

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 42
Author(s):  
Dr. Goodman Chakanyuka
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
South Africa ◽  
Business Cycles ◽  
Granger Causality ◽  
Granger Causality Test ◽  
Bank Credit ◽  
Causality Test ◽  
Credit Growth ◽  
Study Results ◽  
The Relationship

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to Analyze of the Relationship between Business Cycles and Bank Credit Extension: Evidence from South Africa. The study sought establish the direction of causality between economic growth and bank credit growth in South AfricaMethodology: The econometric methodology is used to augment results of the survey study. Granger causality test technique is applied to the variables of interest to test for direction of causation between variables. The study uses quarterly data for the period of 1980: Q1 to 2013: Q4. Business cycles are determined and measured by Gross Domestic Product at market prices while bank-granted credit is proxied by credit extension to the private sector.Results: Results revealed that, that there is a stable long-run relationship between macro-economic business cycles and real credit growth in South Africa. The results show that economic growth significantly causes and stimulates bank credit. The Granger causality test provides evidence of unidirectional causal relationship with direction from economic growth to credit extension for South Africa. The study results indicate that the case for demand-following hypothesis is stronger than supply-leading hypothesis in South Africa. Economic growth spurs credit market development in South Africa.Unique contribution to theory, practice and policy: It proposes practical policy prescriptions to address challenges currently facing South Africa. The other major contribution of this study is that it shall open new avenues for further research on finding causality of the relationship between various proxies of economic growth and financial development adopting the VAR framework

Does Poverty Reduction Cause Economic Development

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 36
Author(s):  
Mariam Ijaz
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Granger Causality ◽  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Deep Understanding ◽  
Granger Causality Test ◽  
Causal Link ◽  
Causality Test ◽  
Independent Variables ◽  
Vec Model ◽  
The World

Extreme poverty is a threat faced by billions of people making economic development as a chief goal for most of the countries all over the world. Having a deep understanding of the whole gamut of poverty, this study attempts to empirically investigate that whether a causal link exists between poverty reduction and economic development or not? And if it exists, then what is the direction of that causal link. The Panel data cover 26 developing countries, on the basis of the availability of data, for the years from 1994 to 2015. Through Co-integration to Pairwise Granger Causality Test & Granger Causality based on VEC Model, this study analyses the causality between poverty reduction and economic development. This study, apart from poverty reduction, also incorporates some other independent variables affecting economic development. The trickle-up theory, adopted in this study, explains the channels through which poverty reduction could cause economic development. The main conclusion drawn from the empirical results is that a causal link running from poverty reduction to economic development exists. This implies that poverty reduction causes economic development.

scholarly journals Econometric estimation of the relationship between the unemployment rate and economic growth in Limpopo Province, South Africa

2020 ◽  
Vol 58 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tshephi Kingsley Thaba ◽  
Abenet Belete ◽  
Johannes Jan Hlongwane ◽  
Lesetja Jacob Ledwaba
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
South Africa ◽  
Granger Causality ◽  
Unemployment Rate ◽  
Granger Causality Test ◽  
Limpopo Province ◽  
Economic Policies ◽  
Difference Model ◽  
Causality Test ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract. The study aims to estimate empirically the relationship between economic growth and unemployment rate in Limpopo Province of South Africa. The analysis used quarterly data covering the period 2008-2018 which was obtained from Statistics South Africa. The study employed, difference model, dynamic model, and granger causality test for data analysis, in order to consider both, short term and long term possible relationship Based on the difference model estimation of the coefficient was done and the coefficient was found to be -0.22. From Granger causality test, causal relationship between these two variables doesn’t exist meaning that change in the growth rate of real GDP doesn’t cause change in the rate of unemployment and vice-versa. Inapplicable of the law indicates that a cyclical recovery will not be accompanied by reduction of unemployment. Furthermore, this might reflect the sizable structural and/or frictional component of unemployment in Limpopo Province. Lastly, the country's economic policies have not been suitable for fostering development that can reduce unemployment and this could be due to lack of appropriate composition of public sector and private sector.

ANALYSIS OF THE LONG-RUN RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ECONOMIC GROWTH AND BANK CREDIT AVAILABILITY IN SOUTH AFRICA.

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Goodman Chakanyuka
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
South Africa ◽  
Business Cycles ◽  
Granger Causality ◽  
Granger Causality Test ◽  
Bank Credit ◽  
Causality Test ◽  
Credit Growth ◽  
Long Run ◽  
The Relationship

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to Analyze of the Relationship between Business Cycles and Bank Credit Extension: Evidence from South Africa. The study sought establish the direction of causality between economic growth and bank credit growth in South AfricaMethodology: The econometric methodology is used to augment results of the survey study. Granger causality test technique is applied to the variables of interest to test for direction of causation between variables. The study uses quarterly data for the period of 1980: Q1 to 2013: Q4. Business cycles are determined and measured by Gross Domestic Product at market prices while bank-granted credit is proxied by credit extension to the private sector.Results: Results revealed that, that there is a stable long-run relationship between macro-economic business cycles and real credit growth in South Africa. The results show that economic growth significantly causes and stimulates bank credit. The Granger causality test provides evidence of unidirectional causal relationship with direction from economic growth to credit extension for South Africa. The study results indicate that the case for demand-following hypothesis is stronger than supply-leading hypothesis in South Africa. Economic growth spurs credit market development in South Africa.Unique contribution to theory, practice and policy: It proposes practical policy prescriptions to address challenges currently facing South Africa. The other major contribution of this study is that it shall open new avenues for further research on finding causality of the relationship between various proxies of economic growth and financial development adopting the VAR framework

scholarly journals Electricity Demand, GDP and Employment: Evidence from Shandong

2020 ◽  
Vol 185 ◽  
pp. 01013
Author(s):  
Bing Li ◽  
Zhiwei Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Causal Relationship ◽  
Granger Causality ◽  
Granger Causality Test ◽  
Electricity Demand ◽  
Shandong Province ◽  
Gdp Growth ◽  
Causality Test ◽  
Positive Correlation

This paper analyses the possible relationship among the electricity demand, GDP and employment in Shandong. The cointegration equation coefficients show that there is a positive correlation among electricity demand, GDP and employment. Granger causality test indicates that there is a one-way Granger causal relationship both from electricity demand to GDP and from electricity demand to employment. Since that Shandong GDP growth can be explained by the increased electricity demand and the increased number of people employed, policies encouraging electricity demand and employment can be issued to help push further economic development in Shandong province.

The Analysis of Energy Consumption and Economic Growth in China

2011 ◽  
Vol 361-363 ◽  
pp. 1708-1712
Author(s):  
Su He ◽  
Ming Ming Chang
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Granger Causality ◽  
Granger Causality Test ◽  
Causality Test ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Cointegration Relationship ◽  
Reasonable Energy

This paper analyses the relationship between China's economic growth and energy consumption of the period 1978-2009 by the Granger causality test. The results of the study show that: economic growth and energy consumption have cointegration relationship, energy consumption promote economic growth, but economic growth is not Granger caused the consumption of energy. In order to promote China's economic development, the reasonable energy consumption quantity must be found, It's a new topic.

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