Incidence of skin lesions of Kaposi sarcoma in HIV-positive children

2010 ◽  
Vol 55 (2) ◽  
pp. 392-392 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniela Cristina Stefan
Keyword(s):  
Kaposi Sarcoma ◽  
Skin Lesions ◽  
Hiv Positive

scholarly journals Kaposi sarcoma in HIV-positive children: what are the symptoms and pathophysiology?

2021 ◽  
Vol 31 (Supplement_2) ◽  
Author(s):  
M Corrêa ◽  
J W Barretto ◽  
L Gusso ◽  
O S Erdmann ◽  
R S Vaz
Keyword(s):  
Human Herpesvirus ◽  
Kaposi Sarcoma ◽  
Hiv Infections ◽  
Skin Lesions ◽  
Western World ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
Herpesvirus 8 ◽  
Pubmed Database ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Predicting Factor

Abstract Background Introduction: Kaposi Sarcoma (KS) is a tumour caused by human herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8). It is more prevalent in Oriental Africa when compared to countries in the western world, and it is more aggressive in children, with a death rate close to 60%. Aims: clarify the symptoms and pathophysiology of the paediatric KS associated with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), given the poor scientific production on the topic, and the fact that the knowledge of this disease on children is only an extrapolation of what is known in the adult. Methods Materials and methods: integrative review based on articles found in PubMed database, using the MeSH-indexed descriptors: ‘Children’ AND ‘Kaposi sarcoma’ AND ‘HIV infections’. Results Results: the seven selected studies show that, in HIV-positive children with KS, the prevalent symptoms are: skin lesions in multiple or unique sites, either isolated or associated with other lesions, such as oral and visceral, with the possibility of gastrointestinal bleeding, which could be deadly; lymphadenopathy in axillary, inguinal and cervical regions; respiratory symptoms; and anasarca. As for the pathophysiology, the most common occurrences are: cytopenia (anaemia and thrombocytopenia), both varying from moderate to severe; increased levels of CD4+ lymphocytes, which could act as predicting factor for lymphadenopathy; immunosuppression, a possible indicator for death; and increase in interleukin- 6 (IL-6) and IL-10 levels. Conclusions Conclusions: KS, caused by HHV-8, most prevalent in Africa, tends to be more aggressive in children, with main symptoms including lymphadenopathy and skin lesions, and main pathophysiological aspects including cytopenia and increase in IL-6 and IL-10.

Extracavitary primary effusion lymphoma in an HIV-positive patient with Kaposi sarcoma-associated

2009 ◽  
Vol 6 (11) ◽  
pp. 523-525 ◽  
Author(s):  
Justine Cohen ◽  
Adam Bagg ◽  
Rebecca King ◽  
Ammie White ◽  
Suzanne Rossi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Primary Effusion Lymphoma ◽  
Kaposi Sarcoma ◽  
Positive Patient ◽  
Hiv Positive

scholarly journals A Case of Rupioid Syphilis Masquerading as Aggressive Cutaneous Lymphoma

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. e2015026 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan Braue ◽  
Thomas Hagele ◽  
Abraham Tareq Yacoub ◽  
Suganya Mannivanan ◽  
Frank Glass ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome ◽  
Immune Reconstitution ◽  
Rare Case ◽  
Skin Lesions ◽  
Secondary Syphilis ◽  
Cutaneous Lymphoma ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
Late 19Th Century ◽  
Inflammatory Syndrome

Secondary syphilis has been known since the late 19th century as the great imitator; however, some experts now regard cutaneous lymphoma as the great imitator of skin disease. Either disease, at times an equally fastidious diagnosis, has reported to even mimic each other. It is thus vital to consider these possibilities when presented with a patient demonstrating peculiar skin lesions. No other manifestation of secondary syphilis may pose such quandary as a rare case of rupioid syphilis impersonating cutaneous lymphoma. We present such a case, of a 36-year-old HIV positive male, misdiagnosed with aggressive cutaneous lymphoma, actually exhibiting rupioid syphilis thought secondary to immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS).

scholarly journals Impact of valganciclovir therapy on severe IRIS-Kaposi Sarcoma mortality: an open-label, parallel, randomized controlled trial.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricia Volkow ◽  
Leslie Chavez-Galan ◽  
Lucero Ramon-Luing ◽  
Judith Cruz-Velazquez ◽  
Patricia Cornejo-Juarez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Kaposi Sarcoma ◽  
Pulmonary Involvement ◽  
Skin Lesions ◽  
Attributable Mortality ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Open Label ◽  
Parallel Group ◽  
Pulmonary Lymph Node ◽  
The Difference

High HHV-8 viral load (VL) in Kaposi Sarcoma (KS) has been associated with severe Immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (S-IRIS-KS), which can occur after initiating cART, and is linked with high mortality particularly in patients with pulmonary involvement. We investigate if valganciclovir initiated before cART decreases HHV-8 VL and assess if it reduces the incidence of S-IRIS-KS and its attributable mortality. Methods: Open-label parallel-group randomized clinical trial in AIDS cART naive patients with disseminated KS (DKS) as defined by at least two of the following: pulmonary, lymph-node or gastrointestinal involvement, lymphedema, or equal or more 30 skin lesions. In the experimental group (EG), patients were randomized to valganciclovir 900 mg BID four weeks before cART and continued until week-48; in the control group (CG), cART was initiated on week-0. Non-severe-IRIS-KS was defined as: increase in the number of lesions plus equal or more than one log10 HIV-VL decrease or equal or more than 50 cells/mm3 increase or equal or more than 2-fold rise in baseline CD4+ cells. S-IRIS-KS was defined as abrupt clinical worsening of KS lesions and/or fever after ruling out another infection following cART initiation, and at least three of the following: thrombocytopenia, anemia, hyponatremia, or hypoalbuminemia. Results: 40 patients were randomized and 37 completed the study. In the ITT analysis, the overall mortality did not differ between groups. In the per-protocol analyses, the difference showed a trend for higher S-IRIS-KS mortality in the CG 3/19 (15.7%), compared to EG 0/18 (p=0.07). The incidence of S-IRIS KS was significantly lower in the EG; two patients, one each had S-IRIS-KS episode (0.038 per 100 patient-days) compared to CG group, four patients developed 12 S-IRIS-KS episodes (0.21 per 100 patient-days); incidence rate of 0.09 (95% CI 0.02-0.5 p=0.006). Mortality in patients with pulmonary KS was significantly lower in EG, 3/4 in CG vs 0/5 in EG. S-IRIS-KS was associated with higher HHV-8-VL; IL6 and CRP; valganciclovir was protective. Of survivors at week 48, 82% achieved more than 80% remission. No difference was found between groups in the number of non-S-IRIS-KS events. Conclusions: Valganciclovir significantly reduced the episodes of S-IRIS-KS although attributable KS mortality was lower in the EG the difference was not significant (p=0.07). Mortality was significantly lower in EG patients with pulmonary KS.

CASE REPORT: KAPOSI SARCOMA IN AN HIV-POSITIVE PATIENT

2020 ◽  
Vol 129 (1) ◽  
pp. e105
Author(s):  
RACHEL LAMARCK ◽  
ANDERSON MAURICIO PAIVA E COSTA ◽  
RAIRA DE BRITO SILVA ◽  
SAMEH BRGLAH ◽  
LIGIA AKIKO NINOKATA MIYAHARA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Kaposi Sarcoma ◽  
Positive Patient ◽  
Hiv Positive

scholarly journals Demographic Characteristics and Preliminary Outcomes in a Cohort of HIV-Positive Patients With Kaposi's Sarcoma in a High ART Coverage Setting: A Report from Botswana

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (3_suppl) ◽  
pp. 70s-71s
Author(s):  
Shekinah N. Elmore ◽  
Elizabeth S. Bigger ◽  
Mukendi K.A. Kayembe ◽  
Zola Musimar ◽  
Gita Suneja ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Conflicts Of Interest ◽  
Kaposi Sarcoma ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
Disease Extent ◽  
High Incidence ◽  
Bayer Healthcare ◽  
Disseminated Disease ◽  
Oncologic Treatment ◽  
Advisory Role

Abstract 50 Objective: Despite antiretroviral treatment coverage exceeding 90% by government estimates, Kaposi sarcoma (KS) remains the most prevalent malignancy in Botswana. Incidence has decreased minimally over the last decade. We sought to explore reasons for persistent high incidence and describe KS outcomes. Methods: Since 2010, consenting patients presenting to one of three oncology centers for KS treatment were enrolled prospectively and followed quarterly. Baseline HIV testing performed and records abstracted through April 2015. Results: 207 KS patients enrolled, 60% (125) with clinical diagnosis, 34% (71) with pathologic diagnosis, and 11 (6%) with radiologic/other diagnosis. Median age at diagnosis was 37 years (IQR: 11.9) and 63% (133) male. At presentation, 65% (134) had cutaneous and 24% (49) had disseminated disease. Revised ACTG staging was 8% (17) stage I, 54% (112) stage II, 35% (73) stage III. Nearly all, 98% (199), were HIV-infected with median nadir CD4 190 cells/μL (IQR: 208). Among HIV-infected patients, 68% (109) were not on ART at time of KS diagnosis and 26% (42) were diagnosed within first six months of ART. Of those not yet on ART, 72% (47) of men and 28% (18) of women had CD4 <250 cells/μL, p=.0004. Few cases, 6 (10%), developed in patients on ART for >6 months. Patients not on ART were referred to start. 71% (146) received chemotherapy and 7% (15) required radiation. After median follow-up 19 months, 21% (43) patients had died. Estimated 3-year OS was 76% (95% CI: 69-82%). Gender, ART duration, disease extent, and stage did not significantly predict survival. Conclusions: With high population ART coverage, KS development among individuals with CD4<250 cells/μL accounts for majority of cases referred for oncologic treatment. ART delay, particularly among men, also contributed to persistent KS burden. Overall survival with KS in Botswana is similar to US and Europe. Initiation of ART at higher CD4 thresholds is needed to control the KS epidemic. AUTHORS' DISCLOSURES OF POTENTIAL CONFLICTS OF INTEREST: Shekinah N. Elmore No relationship to disclose Elizabeth S. Bigger No relationship to disclose Mukendi K.A. Kayembe No relationship to disclose Zola Musimar No relationship to disclose Gita Suneja No relationship to disclose Jason A. Efstathiou Honoraria: Medivation/Astellas, Bayer Healthcare Pharmaceuticals Consulting or Advisory Role: Medivation/Astellas, Bayer Healthcare Pharmaceuticals Scott Dryden-Peterson Patents, Royalties, Other Intellectual Property: UpToDate

scholarly journals Bacillary angiomatosis in HIV-positive patient from Northeastern Brazil: a case report

2011 ◽  
Vol 44 (5) ◽  
pp. 641-643 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renata Félix da Justa ◽  
Adriana Banhos Carneiro ◽  
Jorge Luiz Nobre Rodrigues ◽  
Andréia Cavalcante ◽  
Evelyne Santana Girão ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Female Patient ◽  
Skin Lesions ◽  
Positive Patient ◽  
Northeastern Brazil ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
Cutaneous Manifestations ◽  
Diagnostic Aspects ◽  
Bacillary Angiomatosis

It is a report of disseminated bacillary angiomatosis (BA) in a 23-year-old female patient, who is HIV-positive and with fever, weight loss, hepatomegaly, ascites, and papular-nodular skin lesions. The clinical and diagnostic aspects involved in the case were discussed. Bacillary angiomatosis must always be considered in the diagnosis of febrile cutaneous manifestations in AIDS.

Expression pattern of the CXCL12/CXCR4-CXCR7 trio in Kaposi sarcoma skin lesions

2016 ◽  
Vol 175 (6) ◽  
pp. 1251-1262 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Desnoyer ◽  
N. Dupin ◽  
L. Assoumou ◽  
A. Carlotti ◽  
F. Gaudin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Expression Pattern ◽  
Kaposi Sarcoma ◽  
Skin Lesions
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