Current status of pharmacovigilance regulatory structures, processes, and outcomes in the Asia-Pacific region: Survey results from 15 countries

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 362-369 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ju-Young Shin ◽  
Eungyeong Shin ◽  
Han Eol Jeong ◽  
Ju Hwan Kim ◽  
Eui-Kyung Lee
2017 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 250-258
Author(s):  
Lisette Lapierre ◽  
Gabriela Asenjo ◽  
Constanza Vergara ◽  
Javiera Cornejo

The objective was to gather information on the status of antimicrobial surveillance in the Asia Pacific region and suggest control strategies. Twenty-one economies of the Asia Pacific region participated in this initiative. A survey was conducted on antimicrobial use and surveillance throughout the region. A workshop was carried out to create awareness about the issue and discuss the implementation of control strategies. Based on the survey results and workshop conclusions, it can be established that there is better understanding of the implications of antimicrobial resistance in the human medicine area. Only few economies take actions to control antimicrobial resistance on a veterinary/agricultural level. To confront antimicrobial resistance, it is critical to raise awareness; cooperation between all countries is needed to apply international standards, to be able to have harmonized public policies. Countries must align and improve their systems for surveillance and monitoring of antimicrobial resistance in human, animals, and the environment.


2013 ◽  
Vol 25 ◽  
pp. 146-150 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenichi Goda ◽  
Rajvinder Singh ◽  
Ichiro Oda ◽  
Masami Omae ◽  
Akiko Takahashi ◽  
...  

Author(s):  
Ali Albada ◽  
Othman Yong

This paper reviews the current status of IPO research in Asia, especially when it comes to the issue of the under-pricing phenomenon. This interest stems from the increasing attention that some of the Asia Pacific region countries have, due to their higher average initial returns in comparison to other developed and developing countries. In this review, we identify the determinants for the high levels of under-pricing as reported in the literature. We find that the regulatory environment of these Asian countries is the most reasonable source for such under-pricing, as it sets it apart from other developed and developing countries.  


2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (515) ◽  
pp. 202-208
Author(s):  
R. P. Nykyforov ◽  

One of the most dynamically growing types of entrepreneurial activity in the world is restaurant business. Changes in the context of development, including increasing the share of the middle class, changing values, migration and nomadism, digitalization, population growth, urbanization, active development of tourism and hospitality cause influence on the status and features of the development of restaurant business in the world. The article identifies the main determinants that determine the current status and features of the development of restaurant business in the world; the author’s own approach to understanding the essence of the concept of «restaurant business» is provided; the main segments and features of modern development of restaurant business in the world are specified. It is determined that at the present stage of development of the world restaurant business it has the following inherent features: 1) asymmetry and polarization of development (the greatest interest in meals outside the home, and therefore the most active development of the restaurant business, is recorded in America and Asia-Pacific region. They are followed by Europe, the Middle East and Asia. The highest level of territorial heterogeneity of restaurant business development is characteristic of the Middle East and Africa, America, a relatively lower level of heterogeneity is characteristic of the Asia-Pacific region and Europe. The highest level of concentration of restaurant business development is characteristic of the Asia-Pacific region, the smallest – of the Middle East and Africa); 2) development disparities (the largest disparities between the development of restaurant business segments are recorded in the Asia-Pacific region (full-service restaurants significantly prevail over other organizational forms of restaurant business in the region), the smallest – the Middle East and Africa); 3) polysubjectivity (the subject structure of the restaurant business is very complex and heterogeneous, it includes not only restaurants, but also bars, cafes, coffee-shops, canteens, etc.); 4) active virtualization and digitalization (restaurants and other restaurant business entities are increasingly creating virtual platforms where you can order food, get comprehensive information about the establishment, etc., actively interact with their consumers in social networks, increase the budget of online marketing costs, attract robotics).


2012 ◽  
Vol 42 (10) ◽  
pp. 867-881 ◽  
Author(s):  
H.-R. Shin ◽  
M. C. Carlos ◽  
C. Varghese

2015 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 493-501 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomas Kron ◽  
H. A. Azhari ◽  
E. O. Voon ◽  
K. Y. Cheung ◽  
P. Ravindran ◽  
...  

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