scholarly journals Diurnal variations in the thickness of the inner bark of tree trunk in relation to xylem water potential and phloem turgor

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Epron ◽  
Mai Kamakura ◽  
Wakana Azuma ◽  
Masako Dannoura ◽  
Yoshiko Kosugi
Keyword(s):  
Water Potential ◽  
Diurnal Variations ◽  
Tree Trunk ◽  
Xylem Water Potential ◽  
Inner Bark

scholarly journals Mist Irrigation Reduces Post-transplant Desiccation of Bare-root Trees

1994 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rick M. Bates ◽  
Alex X. Niemiera
Keyword(s):  
Water Stress ◽  
Water Potential ◽  
Acer Platanoides ◽  
Sensitive Species ◽  
Xylem Water Potential ◽  
Post Transplant ◽  
Norway Maple ◽  
Relative Water ◽  
Bare Root ◽  
Cherry Trees

Abstract Desiccation during storage and reestablishment is a major factor contributing to poor regrowth of transplanted bare-root trees. The effect of overhead mist irrigation on reducing post transplant water stress in Norway maple (Acer platanoides L. ‘Emerald Lustre’) and Yoshino cherry (Prunus x yedoensis) was examined. Bare-root Norway maple (desiccation tolerant) and Yoshino cherry (desiccation sensitive) trees were transplanted into pine bark-filled containers and subjected to mist or non-mist treatments. Stem xylem water potential, relative water content, and survivability were determined. Xylem water potential increased (became less negative) for misted maple and cherry trees. Water potential increased for non-misted maple and decreased for non-misted cherry trees. Twenty-seven percent of non-misted cherries were evaluated as nonmarketable due to stem dieback compared to 0% for misted trees. Results of this study indicate that mist irrigation effectively reduces desiccation damage for desiccation sensitive species such as cherries and hawthorns.

Growth and Xylem Water Potential of White Oak and Loblolly Pine Seedlings as Affected by Simulated Acidic Rain

1993 ◽  
Vol 129 (1) ◽  
pp. 26 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. F. Walker ◽  
S. B. McLaughlin
Keyword(s):  
Water Potential ◽  
Loblolly Pine ◽  
White Oak ◽  
Xylem Water Potential ◽  
Pine Seedlings ◽  
Acidic Rain

Linear relation between leaf xylem water potential and transpiration in pearl millet during soil drying

2020 ◽  
Vol 447 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 565-578 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gaochao Cai ◽  
Mutez Ali Ahmed ◽  
Michaela A. Dippold ◽  
Mohsen Zarebanadkouki ◽  
Andrea Carminati
Keyword(s):  
Water Potential ◽  
Pearl Millet ◽  
Linear Relation ◽  
Soil Drying ◽  
Xylem Water Potential

scholarly journals Optimal stomatal behavior with competition for water and risk of hydraulic impairment

2016 ◽  
Vol 113 (46) ◽  
pp. E7222-E7230 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam Wolf ◽  
William R. L. Anderegg ◽  
Stephen W. Pacala
Keyword(s):  
Water Potential ◽  
Classical Theory ◽  
Plant Competition ◽  
Carbon Gain ◽  
Alternative Theory ◽  
Xylem Water Potential ◽  
Stomatal Behavior ◽  
Damage Repair ◽  
Functional Forms ◽  
Additional Water

For over 40 y the dominant theory of stomatal behavior has been that plants should open stomates until the carbon gained by an infinitesimal additional opening balances the additional water lost times a water price that is constant at least over short periods. This theory has persisted because of its remarkable success in explaining strongly supported simple empirical models of stomatal conductance, even though we have also known for over 40 y that the theory is not consistent with competition among plants for water. We develop an alternative theory in which plants maximize carbon gain without pricing water loss and also add two features to both this and the classical theory, which are strongly supported by empirical evidence: (i) water flow through xylem that is progressively impaired as xylem water potential drops and (ii) fitness or carbon costs associated with low water potentials caused by a variety of mechanisms, including xylem damage repair. We show that our alternative carbon-maximization optimization is consistent with plant competition because it yields an evolutionary stable strategy (ESS)—species with the ESS stomatal behavior that will outcompete all others. We further show that, like the classical theory, the alternative theory also explains the functional forms of empirical stomatal models. We derive ways to test between the alternative optimization criteria by introducing a metric—the marginal xylem tension efficiency, which quantifies the amount of photosynthesis a plant will forego from opening stomatal an infinitesimal amount more to avoid a drop in water potential.

Photosynthesis as related to xylem water potential and carbon dioxide concentration in Sitka spruce

1981 ◽  
Vol 52 (4) ◽  
pp. 391-400 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. L. Beadle ◽  
R. E. Neilson ◽  
P. G. Jarvis ◽  
H. Talbot
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Water Potential ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Concentration ◽  
Sitka Spruce ◽  
Xylem Water Potential

Mistletoe ecophysiology: host–parasite interactionsThis review is one of a collection of papers based on a presentation from the Stem and Shoot Fungal Pathogens and Parasitic Plants: the Values of Biological Diversity session of the XXII International Union of Forestry Research Organization World Congress meeting held in Brisbane, Queensland, Australia, in 2005.

Botany ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 87 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Glatzel ◽  
B. W. Geils
Keyword(s):  
Water Potential ◽  
Fungal Pathogens ◽  
Biological Diversity ◽  
Plant Root ◽  
Stomatal Closure ◽  
Xylem Water Potential ◽  
Active Uptake ◽  
Host Interaction ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Plant Root System

Mistletoes are highly specialized perennial flowering plants adapted to parasitic life on aerial parts of their hosts. In our discussion on the physiological interactions between parasite and host, we focus on water relations, mineral nutrition, and the effect of host vigour. When host photosynthesis is greatest, the xylem water potential of the host is most negative. To maintain a flux gradient and avoid stomatal closure and wilting, the mistletoe must tolerate a more negative water potential than the host. Succulent leaves enhance water storage and allow mistletoes to rehydrate before their hosts rehydrate. Mistletoe infections may disrupt the host stomatal control system, causing early and oscillating closure of host stomata, thereby diminishing host photosynthetic gain. Mistletoes lack the active uptake of minerals of a typical plant root system and rely upon the haustorium to connect with the host for the essentially one-way flow of photosynthates and nutrients from host to parasite. Modest growth rates, tolerance, succulence, and rapid leaf turnover are some means by which mistletoes avoid mineral deficiency or excess. We propose high concentrations of some mobile elements in the mistletoe by comparison with the host result not from active uptake, but from the inevitable accumulation by a parasite that utilizes host phloem sap. The relationship between host condition and mistletoe performance varies by situation and over time. In some cases, the host can outgrow the mistletoe, but favorable host status can also accelerate mistletoe growth. A better understanding of the mistletoe–host interaction can be utilized in improved management of infested forest plantations for resource production as well as for conservation of biodiversity and endangered species.

scholarly journals Influence of Leaf Xylem Water Potential and Leaf Position on Relationship between Nitrogen Content and Photosynthetic Rate of Rice Plant.

1995 ◽  
Vol 64 (3) ◽  
pp. 483-491
Author(s):  
Yukindo TSUNO ◽  
Takeshi YAMAGUCHI ◽  
Junichi NAKANO ◽  
Osamu OMOCHI
Keyword(s):  
Water Potential ◽  
Nitrogen Content ◽  
Photosynthetic Rate ◽  
Rice Plant ◽  
Leaf Position ◽  
Xylem Water Potential
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