Stereospecific living radical polymerization for simultaneous control of molecular weight and tacticity

2006 ◽  
Vol 44 (21) ◽  
pp. 6147-6158 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masami Kamigaito ◽  
Kotaro Satoh
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Radical Polymerization ◽  
Living Radical Polymerization ◽  
Simultaneous Control

“Living” Radical Polymerization in Tubular Reactors, 2 - Process Optimization for Tailor-Made Molecular Weight Distributions

2008 ◽  
Vol 2 (5) ◽  
pp. 414-421 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariano Asteasuain ◽  
Matheus Soares ◽  
Marcelo K. Lenzi ◽  
Robin A. Hutchinson ◽  
Michael Cunningham ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Radical Polymerization ◽  
Process Optimization ◽  
Living Radical Polymerization ◽  
Tubular Reactors ◽  
Molecular Weight Distributions ◽  
Weight Distributions

scholarly journals Aqueous Photo-Living Radical Polymerization of Sodium Methacrylate Using a Water-Soluble Nitroxide Mediator

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eri Yoshida
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Radical Polymerization ◽  
Linear Correlation ◽  
Linear Increase ◽  
Living Radical Polymerization ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Molecular Weights ◽  
Molecular Weight Distributions ◽  
Weight Distributions ◽  
Sodium Methacrylate

The aqueous photo-living radical polymerization of sodium methacrylate (NaMA) was attained using 2,2′-azobis2-methyl-N-[1,1-bis(hydroxymethyl)-2-hydroxyethyl]-propionamide (V-80) as the initiator and 4-hydroxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl (HTEMPO) as the mediator in the presence of (4-fluorophenyl)diphenylsulfonium triflate (FS). The polymerization was carried out in water at room temperature by irradiation using a high-pressure mercury lamp. Whereas the polymerization by V-80 and/or FS in the absence of HTEMPO produced polymers with very high molecular weights and broad molecular weight distributions, the HTEMPO-mediated polymerization provided still lower-molecular-weight distributions using both V-80 and FS. The first-order time-conversion plots had an induction period up to 2.5 h; however, they thereafter showed a linear increase. The conversion-molecular weight plots also exhibited a linear correlation. A linear correlation was also obtained for the plots of the molecular weights versus the reciprocal of the initiator concentration. Based on these three correlations, it was found that the HTEMPO-mediated photopolymerization proceeded by a living mechanism.

Iodine Transfer Radical Polymerization of Vinyl Acetate in Fluoroalcohols for Simultaneous Control of Molecular Weight, Stereospecificity, and Regiospecificity

2006 ◽  
Vol 39 (12) ◽  
pp. 4054-4061 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kazuhiko Koumura ◽  
Kotaro Satoh ◽  
Masami Kamigaito ◽  
Yoshio Okamoto
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Radical Polymerization ◽  
Vinyl Acetate ◽  
Simultaneous Control ◽  
Iodine Transfer

The Application of Supercomputers in Modeling Chemical Reaction Kinetics: Kinetic Simulation of 'Quasi-Living' Radical Polymerization

1990 ◽  
Vol 43 (7) ◽  
pp. 1215 ◽  
Author(s):  
CHJ Johnson ◽  
G Moad ◽  
DH Solomon ◽  
TH Spurling ◽  
DJ Vearing
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Differential Equations ◽  
Radical Polymerization ◽  
Molecular Weight Distribution ◽  
Weight Distribution ◽  
Euler Method ◽  
Living Radical Polymerization ◽  
Kinetic Simulation ◽  
Stiff Systems ◽  
Chemical Reaction Kinetics

A computer program has been written which employs an implicit Euler method to solve directly the complete set of coupled differential equations which result from an analysis of polymerization kinetics. The program was written to make full use of the speed and power of modern supercomputers, and is suited to the solution of very large stiff systems of differential equations. The benefit of treating each propagation step as a discrete reaction is that information on the evolution of the molecular weight distribution is obtained directly without the need to make perhaps unjustified assumptions such as the steady-state approximation. For illustrative purposes, the method has been applied in the kinetic simulation of 'quasi-living' radical polymerization to assess the effect of experimental variables on the molecular weight, molecular weight distribution, and rate of polymerization. The calculations show that 'quasi-living' radical polymerization can produce polymers with polydispersities approaching those obtained with anionic 'living' polymerizations. Some necessary conditions for the formation of polymers with narrow molecular weight distribution are defined.

Xanthate-Mediated Radical Polymerization ofN-Vinylpyrrolidone in Fluoroalcohols for Simultaneous Control of Molecular Weight and Tacticity

2005 ◽  
Vol 38 (25) ◽  
pp. 10397-10405 ◽  
Author(s):  
Decheng Wan ◽  
Kotaro Satoh ◽  
Masami Kamigaito ◽  
Yoshio Okamoto
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Radical Polymerization ◽  
Simultaneous Control

Scale-up of Poly[(Vinyl Chloride)-b-(n-Butyl Acrylate)-b-(Vinyl Chloride)] prepared by Living Radical Polymerization

2006 ◽  
Vol 514-516 ◽  
pp. 975-979 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jorge F.J. Coelho ◽  
Patricia Alves ◽  
Joana Monteiro ◽  
M. Margarida C.A. Castro ◽  
Mariana Abreu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Glass Transition ◽  
Transition Temperature ◽  
Glass Transition Temperature ◽  
Radical Polymerization ◽  
Vinyl Chloride ◽  
Scale Up ◽  
Living Radical Polymerization ◽  
Poly Vinyl Chloride

Vinyl Chloride (VCM) based copolymers were synthesised by using Living Radical Polymerization. The obtained materials were characterized by determining their molecular weight, glass transition temperature and mechanical properties after processing in industrial equipments. Their chemical composition was evaluated by using NMR.

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