Pollen analysis and post-glacial climatic change

1949 ◽  
Vol 75 (324) ◽  
pp. 163-165 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Godwin
Keyword(s):  
Climatic Change ◽  
Pollen Analysis

Home sapiensorCastor fiber?

Antiquity ◽  
1983 ◽  
Vol 57 (220) ◽  
pp. 95-102 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. M. Coles ◽  
B. J. Orme
Keyword(s):  
Climatic Change ◽  
Pollen Analysis ◽  
Ice Sheets ◽  
Change Rate ◽  
Species Migration ◽  
Atlantic Period ◽  
Vegetational Change ◽  
Vegetational Succession ◽  
Glacial Refuges

Following the development of pollen analysis in the earlier part of this century, much effort was devoted to unravelling the sequence of vegetational change during and after the retreat of the last European ice-sheets. The outlines established, questions of causation came to the fore, and the debate focused on factors such as climatic change, rate of species migration from glacial refuges, and natural vegetational succession. In more recent decades, a further factor has been widely investigated, namely the possible influence of humans on the landscape, principally as farmers and smiths. The development and modification of hypotheses is well illustrated by the Elm Decline of the Atlantic period, where climate (Iversen, 1941) or man (Troels-Smith, 1960) and occasionally disease (see refs in Simmons & Tooley, 1981, 134) have been held responsible for a widespread but by no means straightforward decline in elm pollen.

Paleolimnology and Prehistory

1967 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-35
Author(s):  
John DeCosta ◽  
Claude N. Warren
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Climatic Change ◽  
Pollen Analysis ◽  
Climatic Changes ◽  
Important Data ◽  
Paleoclimatic Reconstruction ◽  
Micro Organisms

AbstractArchaeologists have failed to use all available data relevant to climatic changes and other environmental factors necessary for the reconstruction of paleoclimates. This neglect has fostered the continuance of significant problems of reconstruction and interpretation in archaeology. Paleolimnology can be helpful in elucidating some of these problems. Research of this sort has already provided valuable evidence for the advent of agricultural man in Austria, as well as providing data for the reconstruction of paleoclimates in other areas. While pollen analysis has traditionally been used as an indication of climatic change, certain aquatic micro-organisms manifest a more rapid and subtle response to slight climatic changes. Paleolimnological evidence can provide important data for paleoclimatic reconstruction in archaeology.

Vegetation Response to Climatic Change in Central Rift Valley, Kenya

1991 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 234-245 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph Mworia Maitima
Keyword(s):  
Shallow Water ◽  
Climatic Change ◽  
Sediment Core ◽  
Pollen Analysis ◽  
Aquatic Plants ◽  
Rift Valley ◽  
Lake Naivasha ◽  
Vegetation Response ◽  
Lowland Forest ◽  
Arid Conditions

AbstractPollen analysis of a 15.5-m sediment core from Lake Naivasha, central Rift Valley of Kenya, reveals that the vegetation from before 20,290 to nearly 12,000 yr B.P. was dominated by open grassland, indicating arid conditions. Within this period a moderately wetter climate existed between 17,000 and 15,000 yr B.P., shown by relatively slight increase in both the montane and lowland forest vegetation. From approximately 12,000 to 6500 yr B.P., a change toward more trees and forests started at lower altitudes around the basin of Lake Naivasha, and later in the higher montane regions. After 6000 yr B.P. a decline in forest and lowland trees opened the vegetation into more grasslands and by 4000 yr B.P. a vegetation similar to the present was attained and has persisted to the present. During this period shallow-water aquatic plants became abundant in Lake Naivasha.

Pollen analysis of the ship site of Pisa San Rossore, Tuscany, Italy: the implications for catastrophic hydrological events and climatic change during the late Holocene

2006 ◽  
Vol 16 (6) ◽  
pp. 453-465 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marta Mariotti Lippi ◽  
Cristina Bellini ◽  
Chiara Trinci ◽  
Marco Benvenuti ◽  
Pasquino Pallecchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climatic Change ◽  
Pollen Analysis ◽  
Late Holocene

Late Quaternary Vegetation of Southern Isla Grande De Chiloé, Chile

1988 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 294-306 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carolina Villagran
Keyword(s):  
Climatic Change ◽  
Pollen Analysis ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Late Quaternary ◽  
Late Glacial ◽  
Pollen Diagrams ◽  
History Of ◽  
Valdivian Forest ◽  
Nothofagus Dombeyi ◽  
Pollen Records

Late-glacial-Holocene forest history of southern Isla Chiloé (latitude 43°10′ S) was reconstructed on the basis of pollen analysis in three profiles (Laguna Soledad, Laguna Chaiguata, Puerto Carmen). Prior to 12,500 yr B.P. pollen records are dominated by plant taxa characteristic of open habitats (Zone I). From 12,500 yr B.P. to the present, tree species predominate in the pollen records (Zones II–V). Between 12,500 and 9500 yr B.P. ombrophyllous taxa (Nothofagus, Podocarpus nubigena. Myrtaceae, Fitzroya/Pilgerodendron, and Drimys) are frequent in all pollen diagrams, suggesting a wetter and colder climate than the present. Between 9000 and 5500 yr B.P. Valdivian forest elements, such as Nothofagus dombeyi type, Weinmannia, and Eucryphia/Caldcluvia, dominate, indicating a period of drier and warmer climate. From 5500 yr B.P. onward, the expansion of mixed North Patagonian-Subantarctic forest elements and the increased frequence of Tepualia suggest increased rainfall and temperatures oscillating around the modern values.The change from open to forest vegetation (ca. 12,500 yr B.P.) probably represents the most pronounced climatic change in the record and can be interpreted as the glacial-postglacial transition in the study area.

Vegetation and climate changes during the late Pliocene and early Pleistocene in SW Anatolia, Turkey

2015 ◽  
Vol 84 (3) ◽  
pp. 448-456 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gonzalo Jiménez-Moreno ◽  
Hülya Alçiçek ◽  
M. Cihat Alçiçek ◽  
Lars van den Hoek Ostende ◽  
Frank P. Wesselingh
Keyword(s):  
Climatic Change ◽  
Pollen Analysis ◽  
Climate Changes ◽  
Early Pleistocene ◽  
Vegetation Changes ◽  
Late Pliocene ◽  
Sedimentary Sequences ◽  
Sw Turkey ◽  
Vegetation And Climate ◽  
Pollen Records

Pollen analysis was done on lacustrine sedimentary sequences dated by micromammals as late Pliocene–early Pleistocene that outcrop in two Neogene graben basins from SW Turkey. This study shows vegetation changes from steppe-like to more forested environments, very similar to the cyclic oscillations related to late Pleistocene glacial–interglacial climate changes. Artemisia was abundant during cold–arid periods, indicating that this species was already widespread in this area during the latest Pliocene and the beginning of the Pleistocene. A review of pollen records from Anatolia agrees with this study, suggesting that the spreading of this arid species occurred during a major climatic change: the beginning of the first glaciations and probably a change in seasonality towards summer aridity. Artemisia temporarily disappeared from the region during warm–wet periods and thus we suggest that glacial–interglacial-type oscillations already occurred in the area during the late Pliocene–early Pleistocene.

Postglacial vegetation and climatic change in the upper Peace River district, Alberta

1986 ◽  
Vol 64 (10) ◽  
pp. 2305-2318 ◽  
Author(s):  
James M. White ◽  
Rolf W. Mathewes
Keyword(s):  
Climatic Change ◽  
Pollen Analysis ◽  
Sediment Cores ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Radiometric Dating ◽  
Glacial Meltwater ◽  
Peace River ◽  
Spruce Decline ◽  
Paper Birch ◽  
Relict Vegetation

Pollen analysis and radiometric dating of sediment cores from two lakes in the Saddle Hills, Peace River district, Alberta, were used to investigate postglacial vegetation and climatic change. A poplar – willow – sage – grass – sedge zone began about 11 700 ± 260 years BP. A distinct pine and spruce rise indicates the local presence of conifers. Peace River spruce could have served as a source for spruce in the Yukon, transported by glacial meltwater conceivably as early as about 11 100 years BP. A paper birch rise and spruce decline between about 8700 and 8200 years BP is likely due to fires during a period of enhanced seasonality. It is suggested that subsequent weakening of the anticyclone associated with the Laurentide ice lengthened the growing season, permitting pine to be the major fire successor to spruce. During the pine peak ca. 7400 years BP there was no grassland over the Saddle Hills, so the Peace River grasslands cannot be explained as Hypsithermal relict vegetation. Conditions similar to the present were apparently reached by about 5000 years BP.

Holocene vegetation and climatic change in the Peace River district, Canada

1982 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 555-570 ◽  
Author(s):  
James M. White ◽  
Rolf W. Mathewes
Keyword(s):  
Climatic Change ◽  
Pollen Analysis ◽  
Radiocarbon Dating ◽  
Vegetation Change ◽  
Human Populations ◽  
Pollen Record ◽  
Radiocarbon Dates ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Peace River ◽  
Permanent Pond

A sediment core from a pond on the Alberta Plateau in the Peace River district of British Columbia was studied using pollen analysis and radiocarbon dating. Percentage and influx diagrams were produced, and radiocarbon dates were corrected to calendar years to calculate the sedimentation rate. The 231 cm core terminated in clay, and a basal date of 7250 ± 120 years BP was obtained, several thousand years after the recession of Glacial Lake Peace. The formation of the pond is interpreted as resulting from a climatic change, probably a transition from the peak of the Hypsithermal. Zone 1, from 7250 to 5500 years BP, is interpreted as representing a seasonal slough, with upland vegetation percentages consistent with a boreal forest. At about 5500 years BP a permanent pond with surrounding sedge wetlands was formed. Vegetation has been essentially modern during the last 3100 years. Measurements of spruce grains suggest the presence of black and white spruce throughout the pollen record. The formation of permanent ponds and wetlands on the Alberta Plateau at about 5500 years BP is thought to have been the most important vegetation change of the last 7000 years, which may have affected faunal and human populations.

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