Direct Vanadium Alloying of liquid Steel with Self‐reduction Vanadium Slag Briquette

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jianjiang Xin ◽  
Nan Wang ◽  
Min Chen ◽  
Chen Chen
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Steel ◽  
Vanadium Slag

Non-isothermal crystallization behavior of spinel crystals in FeO-SiO2-TiO2-V2O3-Cr2O3 slag

2018 ◽  
Vol 116 (1) ◽  
pp. 110
Author(s):  
Lixiong Shao ◽  
Jiang Diao ◽  
Wang Zhou ◽  
Tao Zhang ◽  
Bing Xie
Keyword(s):  
Cooling Rate ◽  
Crystallization Behavior ◽  
Crystal Size ◽  
Growth Mechanisms ◽  
Vanadium Slag ◽  
Growth Behaviour ◽  
Temperature Range ◽  
Chromium Spinel ◽  
Mean Diameter ◽  
The Mean

The growth behaviour of spinel crystals in vanadium slag with high Cr2O3 content was investigated and clarified by statistical analyses based on the Crystal Size Distribution (CSD) theory. The results indicate that low cooling rate and Cr2O3 content benefit the growth of spinel crystals. The chromium spinel crystals firstly precipitated and then acted as the heterogeneous nuclei of vanadium and titanium spinel crystals. The growth mechanisms of the spinel crystals at the cooling rate of 5 K/min consist two regimes: firstly, nucleation control in the temperature range of 1873 to 1773 K, in which the shapes of CSD curves are asymptotic; secondly, surface and supply control within the temperature range of 1773 to 1473 K, in which the shapes of CSD curves are lognormal. The mean diameter of spinel crystals increases from 3.97 to 52.21 µm with the decrease of temperature from 1873 to 1473 K.

scholarly journals Influence of the Submerged Entry Nozzle’s Bottom Well on the Characteristics of Its Exit Jets

Metals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 398
Author(s):  
Jesus Gonzalez-Trejo ◽  
Cesar A. Real-Ramirez ◽  
Jose Raul Miranda-Tello ◽  
Ruslan Gabbasov ◽  
Ignacio Carvajal-Mariscal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Continuous Casting ◽  
Liquid Steel ◽  
Mold Wall ◽  
Casting Machine ◽  
Submerged Entry Nozzle ◽  
Central Plane ◽  
Impact Point ◽  
Single Vortex ◽  
Hydrodynamic Analysis ◽  
Principal Characteristics

In vertical continuous casting machines the liquid steel from the tundish is poured into the mold through the Submerged Entry Nozzle (SEN). The shape and direction of the SEN exit jets affect the liquid steel dynamics inside the mold. This work quantifies the effect of the SEN pool on the principal characteristics of the jets emerging from it, precisely, the shape, the spread angles, and the mold impact point. Experimental and numerical simulations were carried out using a SEN simplified model, a square-shaped bore nozzle with square-shaped outlet ports whose length is minimal. These experiments showed two well-defined behaviors. When a single vortex dominates the hydrodynamics inside the simplified SEN, the exit jets spread out and are misaligned about the mold’s central plane. On the contrary, when the inner flow pattern shows two vortexes, the exit jets are compact and parallel to the mold wide walls. The measured difference on the jet’s falling angles is 5°, approximately, which implies that in an actual casting machine, the impingement point at the narrow mold wall would have a variation of 0.150 m. This hydrodynamic analysis would help design new SENs for continuous casting machines that improve steel quality.

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