Influence of feeding raw or extruded feline diets on nutrient digestibility and nitrogen metabolism of African wildcats (Felis lybica)

Zoo Biology ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 29 (6) ◽  
pp. 676-686 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brittany M. Vester ◽  
Sarah L. Burke ◽  
Kari J. Liu ◽  
Cheryl L. Dikeman ◽  
Lee G. Simmons ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Metabolism ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility

scholarly journals Nutrient digestibility, nitrogen metabolism and hepatic function of sheep fed diets containing solvent or expeller castorseed meal treated with calcium hydroxide

2010 ◽  
Vol 158 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 15-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.S. de Oliveira ◽  
J.M.S. Campos ◽  
M.R.C. Oliveira ◽  
A.F. Brito ◽  
S.C. Valadares Filho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Hydroxide ◽  
Nitrogen Metabolism ◽  
Hepatic Function ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility

scholarly journals Effects of Dietary N-Carbamylglutamate on Growth Performance, Apparent Digestibility, Nitrogen Metabolism and Plasma Metabolites of Fattening Holstein Bulls

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 126
Author(s):  
Jinshan Yang ◽  
Jian Zheng ◽  
Xinpeng Fang ◽  
Xin Jiang ◽  
Yukun Sun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Nitrogen Metabolism ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Plasma Metabolites ◽  
Widespread Application ◽  
N Utilization ◽  
Holstein Bulls ◽  
Daily Gain

N-carbamylglutamate (NCG), a structural analog of N-acetylglutamate, improves nitrogen utilization in dairy cows. However, the effects of NCG on bulls are unknown. The purpose of the current research was to investigate the effects of adding different amounts of NCG on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, nitrogen metabolism and plasma metabolites of fattening Holstein bulls. Twenty-four Holstein bulls with similar body weights (BW, 408 ± 21.9 kg) and ages (450 ± 6.1 d; all mean ± SD) were selected for the feeding trial. After 2 weeks of adaptation, bulls were blocked by BW and age and subsequently randomly assigned to 1 of 4 groups: (1) CON group (control diet), (2) L group (supplementation with 20 mg/kg BW NCG), (3) M group (supplementation with 40 mg/kg BW NCG), or (4) H group (supplementation with 80 mg/kg BW NCG). The addition of NCG linearly and quadratically increased the average daily gain (CON vs. L vs. M vs. H = 1.03 vs. 1.19 vs. 1.40 vs. 1.26 kg/d) (p < 0.05), feed conversion ratio (CON vs. L vs. M vs. H = 11.92 vs. 9.22 vs. 7.76 vs. 8.62) (p < 0.05), crude protein digestibility (CON vs. L vs. M vs. H = 64.3 vs. 63.8 vs. 67.7 vs. 65.8%) (0.05 < p < 0.10), N retention (p < 0.05) and N utilization (p < 0.05) of bulls, whereas the contents of fecal N (0.05 < p < 0.10) and urinary N (0.05 < p < 0.10) in NCG-fed bulls linearly decreased compared with those in CON bulls. Bulls fed NCG showed a quadratic increased plasma nitric oxide (p < 0.05) concentration. Furthermore, Arg (p < 0.05), Ile (p < 0.05), Val (p < 0.05), Ala (p < 0.05), Glu (p < 0.05), Ser (p < 0.05), total essential amino acid (p < 0.05) and total nonessential amino acid (p < 0.05) concentrations linearly and quadratically increased with increasing doses of NCG. In contrast, plasma urea (p < 0.05) and ammonia (p < 0.05) concentration linearly and quadratically decreased with increasing doses of NCG. Overall, the addition of NCG increased plasma Arg, Ile, Val, TEAA and TNEAA concentration, which in turn resulted in a higher N utilization and, therefore, higher average daily gain in NCG-fed bulls, providing baseline data for the widespread application of NCG in beef cattle production.

scholarly journals Thyme essential oil for sheep: effect on rumen fermentation, nutrient digestibility, nitrogen metabolism, and growth

2019 ◽  
Vol 71 (6) ◽  
pp. 2065-2074 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.D.B. Ribeiro ◽  
M.V.C. Ferraz Junior ◽  
D.M. Polizel ◽  
A.A. Miszura ◽  
L.G.M. Gobato ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Nitrogen Metabolism ◽  
Nitrogen Retention ◽  
Rumen Fermentation ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Feed Additives ◽  
Thymus Vulgaris ◽  
Ruminal Fermentation ◽  
Ewe Lambs ◽  
High Forage

ABSTRACT Two experiments were conducted to evaluate the effect of thyme (Thymus vulgaris) essential oil (EO) doses on rumen fermentation, nutrient digestibility, and nitrogen metabolism, as well as performance and coccidia oocyst discharge. In experiment I, 20 rumen-cannulated wethers received the experimental diets containing 80% dry matter (DM) of haylage and 20% DM of concentrate. Treatments were 25mg of monensin/kg DM or doses of 1.25, 2.50, or 3.75g of thyme EO/kg DM. In experiment II, 50 ewe lambs received the same diets from experiment I, including a diet without feed additives. Wethers fed with diets containing 1.25g/kg DM of thyme EO had higher molar proportion of propionate (P= 0.03) and butyrate (P< 0.01), and lower (P= 0.04) acetate to propionate ratio than other treatments. Adding thyme EO to diets increased (P= 0.02) nitrogen retention compared to monensin. The performance of ewe lambs was not affected (P≥ 0.05) by treatments. However, lambs fed monensin had a lower (P= 0.04) number of coccidia oocyst discharge than others. Adding 1.25g/kg DM of thyme EO in high-forage diet improved ruminal fermentation. Thyme EO enhanced nitrogen metabolism, however, it did not improve performance.

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