Cypermethrin-Induced in Vivo Alterations in the Carbohydrate Metabolism of Freshwater Fish, Labeo rohita

Aim. Antibiotic abuse contributes to the emergence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). It is increasingly important to screen new antimicrobial agents for the management of MRSA infections. G. chinensis, a nontoxic Chinese herbal medicine, is considered a potential antibacterial agent. The aim of this study was to investigate the bactericidal effects of the aqueous extracts of G. chinensis on MRSA. The potential mechanisms of G. chinensis aqueous extract inhibition of the pathogenicity of MRSA in vivo are also discussed. Methods. G. chinensis aqueous extract was prepared and its antimicrobial activities were examined by determining its minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC). Biofilm biomass was determined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) was used to evaluate differentially expressed functional pathways in MRSA treated with G. chinensis aqueous extract. We validated the role of G. chinensis aqueous extract in the invasive ability and pathogenicity of MRSA in vivo using a rat infectious model. Results. The results indicated that MRSA was sensitive to the G. chinensis aqueous extracts at concentration of 31.25μg/mL. G. chinensis extract led to a reduction in dextran-dependent aggregation and biofilm formation in MRSA. Based on the transcriptome analysis, G. chinensis aqueous extracts significantly downregulated the gene expression related to biofilm formation and carbohydrate metabolism. G. chinensis aqueous extract inhibited the invasive ability and the pathogenicity of MRSA in vivo. Conclusion. The antimicrobial properties of G. chinensis aqueous extract are likely related to its modulation of MRSA biofilm formation and carbohydrate metabolism. G. chinensis aqueous extract is a promising supplementary therapy to lessen or eliminate the use of antibiotics and is a potential tool for the management of MRSA infections.

Download Full-text

Effect of cypermethrin on breeding performances of a freshwater fish,Labeo rohita(Hamilton)

Chemistry and Ecology ◽

10.1080/02757540600682062 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 22 (3) ◽

pp. 211-218 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

S. Adhikari ◽

B. Sarkar ◽

A. Chattopadhyay ◽

D. N. Chattopadhyay ◽

S. K. Sarkar ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Freshwater Fish ◽

Labeo Rohita

Download Full-text

In vivo sub-acute physiological stress induced by sumithion on carbohydrate metabolism in hepatopancreas of Oziotelphusa senex senex Fabricius

Toxicology Letters ◽

10.1016/0378-4274(82)90208-9 ◽

1982 ◽

Vol 13 (3-4) ◽

pp. 179-182 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

P.Sreenivasula Reddy ◽

A. Bhagyalakshmi ◽

R. Ramamurthi

Keyword(s):

Carbohydrate Metabolism ◽

Physiological Stress

Download Full-text

Failure of somatostatin to modify effect of glucagon on carbohydrate metabolism in the dog

AJP Endocrinology and Metabolism ◽

10.1152/ajpendo.1983.244.6.e596 ◽

1983 ◽

Vol 244 (6) ◽

pp. E596-E602 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

A. D. Cherrington ◽

W. W. Lacy ◽

P. E. Williams ◽

K. E. Steiner

Keyword(s):

Carbohydrate Metabolism ◽

Metabolic Regulation ◽

Plasma Insulin ◽

Endocrine Pancreas ◽

Control Period ◽

Glucose Production ◽

Metabolic Effects ◽

Plasma Glucagon ◽

Modify Effect

Somatostatin is widely used to inhibit insulin and glucagon release by the pancreas in studies of metabolic regulation in vivo. To determine whether the peptide can directly modify the metabolic effects of an increment in glucagon in overnight-fasted conscious dogs, glucagon was increased in the presence (+S) or absence (-S) of somatostatin. Either somatostatin (+S; 0.8 microgram . kg-1 . min-1) or a two-stage pancreatectomy (-S) was used to inhibit the endocrine pancreas, and at the same time replacement infusions of insulin (285-300 microU . kg-1 .min-1) and glucagon (0.65 ng . kg-1 . min-1) were given. After a 40-min control period the plasma glucagon level was raised fourfold in the presence of fixed basal insulin. Plasma insulin in both groups were similar [11 +/- 2 (+S) and 9 +/- 1 (-S) microU/ml]. Glucagon rose from 64 +/- 11 to 225 +/- 19 and 92 +/- 11 to 219 +/- 20 pg/ml in the +S and -S groups, respectively. Tracer-determined ([3-3H]glucose) glucose production rose by 5.28 +/- 1.02 (+S) and 4.25 +/- 1.12 (-S) mg . kg-1 . min-1 at 15 min and fell similarly over 3 h in both groups. Plasma glucose rose similarly in both groups peaking at 195 +/- 15 (+S) and 174 +/- 8 (-S) mg/dl. Plasma alanine fell similarly over 3 h [133 +/- 35 (+S) and 138 +/- 42 (-S) mumol/liter]. Conversion of [14C]alanine and [14C]-lactate to [14C]glucose rose progressively over 3 h in both groups, eventually being elevated by 210 +/- 58 (+S) and 148 +/- 48% (-S). We conclude that in the dog somatostatin at the dose used does not alter the effect of an increment in glucagon on carbohydrate metabolism.

Download Full-text