scholarly journals THE EFFECTS OF VARIOUS INHIBITORS OF CARBOHYDRATE METABOLISM, IN VIVO

1945 ◽  
Vol 161 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-63
Author(s):  
Philip Handler
Keyword(s):  
Carbohydrate Metabolism

Dichloroacetate--its in vivo effects on carbohydrate metabolism in the conscious dog

Diabetes ◽  
1980 ◽  
Vol 29 (9) ◽  
pp. 702-709 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. P. Diamond ◽  
R. C. Rollings ◽  
L. Erlendson ◽  
P. E. Williams ◽  
W. W. Lacy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbohydrate Metabolism ◽  
Conscious Dog ◽  
In Vivo Effects

scholarly journals The Pathogenicity and Transcriptome Analysis of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus in Response to Water Extract of Galla chinensis

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shizhou Wu ◽  
Yunjie Liu ◽  
Hui Zhang ◽  
Lei Lei
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Carbohydrate Metabolism ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Transcriptome Analysis ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Laser Scanning Microscopy ◽  
Aqueous Extracts ◽  
Invasive Ability ◽  
Methicillin Resistant

Aim. Antibiotic abuse contributes to the emergence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). It is increasingly important to screen new antimicrobial agents for the management of MRSA infections. G. chinensis, a nontoxic Chinese herbal medicine, is considered a potential antibacterial agent. The aim of this study was to investigate the bactericidal effects of the aqueous extracts of G. chinensis on MRSA. The potential mechanisms of G. chinensis aqueous extract inhibition of the pathogenicity of MRSA in vivo are also discussed. Methods. G. chinensis aqueous extract was prepared and its antimicrobial activities were examined by determining its minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC). Biofilm biomass was determined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) was used to evaluate differentially expressed functional pathways in MRSA treated with G. chinensis aqueous extract. We validated the role of G. chinensis aqueous extract in the invasive ability and pathogenicity of MRSA in vivo using a rat infectious model. Results. The results indicated that MRSA was sensitive to the G. chinensis aqueous extracts at concentration of 31.25μg/mL. G. chinensis extract led to a reduction in dextran-dependent aggregation and biofilm formation in MRSA. Based on the transcriptome analysis, G. chinensis aqueous extracts significantly downregulated the gene expression related to biofilm formation and carbohydrate metabolism. G. chinensis aqueous extract inhibited the invasive ability and the pathogenicity of MRSA in vivo. Conclusion. The antimicrobial properties of G. chinensis aqueous extract are likely related to its modulation of MRSA biofilm formation and carbohydrate metabolism. G. chinensis aqueous extract is a promising supplementary therapy to lessen or eliminate the use of antibiotics and is a potential tool for the management of MRSA infections.

Failure of somatostatin to modify effect of glucagon on carbohydrate metabolism in the dog

1983 ◽  
Vol 244 (6) ◽  
pp. E596-E602 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. D. Cherrington ◽  
W. W. Lacy ◽  
P. E. Williams ◽  
K. E. Steiner
Keyword(s):  
Carbohydrate Metabolism ◽  
Metabolic Regulation ◽  
Plasma Insulin ◽  
Endocrine Pancreas ◽  
Control Period ◽  
Glucose Production ◽  
Metabolic Effects ◽  
Plasma Glucagon ◽  
Modify Effect

Somatostatin is widely used to inhibit insulin and glucagon release by the pancreas in studies of metabolic regulation in vivo. To determine whether the peptide can directly modify the metabolic effects of an increment in glucagon in overnight-fasted conscious dogs, glucagon was increased in the presence (+S) or absence (-S) of somatostatin. Either somatostatin (+S; 0.8 microgram . kg-1 . min-1) or a two-stage pancreatectomy (-S) was used to inhibit the endocrine pancreas, and at the same time replacement infusions of insulin (285-300 microU . kg-1 .min-1) and glucagon (0.65 ng . kg-1 . min-1) were given. After a 40-min control period the plasma glucagon level was raised fourfold in the presence of fixed basal insulin. Plasma insulin in both groups were similar [11 +/- 2 (+S) and 9 +/- 1 (-S) microU/ml]. Glucagon rose from 64 +/- 11 to 225 +/- 19 and 92 +/- 11 to 219 +/- 20 pg/ml in the +S and -S groups, respectively. Tracer-determined ([3-3H]glucose) glucose production rose by 5.28 +/- 1.02 (+S) and 4.25 +/- 1.12 (-S) mg . kg-1 . min-1 at 15 min and fell similarly over 3 h in both groups. Plasma glucose rose similarly in both groups peaking at 195 +/- 15 (+S) and 174 +/- 8 (-S) mg/dl. Plasma alanine fell similarly over 3 h [133 +/- 35 (+S) and 138 +/- 42 (-S) mumol/liter]. Conversion of [14C]alanine and [14C]-lactate to [14C]glucose rose progressively over 3 h in both groups, eventually being elevated by 210 +/- 58 (+S) and 148 +/- 48% (-S). We conclude that in the dog somatostatin at the dose used does not alter the effect of an increment in glucagon on carbohydrate metabolism.

Dichloroacetate--Its In Vivo Effects on Carbohydrate Metabolism in the Conscious Dog

Diabetes ◽  
1980 ◽  
Vol 29 (9) ◽  
pp. 702-709 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. P. Diamond ◽  
R. C. Rollings ◽  
L. Erlendson ◽  
P. E. Williams ◽  
W. W. Lacy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbohydrate Metabolism ◽  
Conscious Dog ◽  
In Vivo Effects

2 The effects of insulin on carbohydrate metabolism in vivo

1982 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 307-328 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.D. Cherrington ◽  
K.E. Steiner
Keyword(s):  
Carbohydrate Metabolism

scholarly journals Towards In Vivo Imaging of Cancer Sialylation

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivan Martinez-Duncker ◽  
Roberta Salinas-Marin ◽  
Carlos Martinez-Duncker
Keyword(s):  
Positron Emission Tomography ◽  
Carbohydrate Metabolism ◽  
In Vivo Imaging ◽  
Emission Tomography ◽  
Invasion And Metastasis ◽  
Complementary Information ◽  
Positron Emission ◽  
Key Points ◽  
Worse Prognosis

In vivo assessment of tumor glucose catabolism by positron emission tomography (PET) has become a highly valued study in the medical management of cancer. Emerging technologies offer the potential to evaluate in vivo another aspect of cancer carbohydrate metabolism related to the increased anabolic use of monosaccharides like sialic acid (Sia). Sia is used for the synthesis of sialylated oligosaccharides in the cell surface that in cancer cells are overexpressed and positively associated to malignancy and worse prognosis because of their role in invasion and metastasis. This paper addresses the key points of the different strategies that have been developed to image Sia expression in vivo and the perspectives to translate it from the bench to the bedside where it would offer the clinician highly valued complementary information on cancer carbohydrate metabolism that is currently unavailable in vivo.

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