Mechanisms Leading to Excess Alpha -Amylase Activity in Wheat (Triticum aestivum, L) Grain in the U.K

2001 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 313-329 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lunn ◽  
B.J. Major ◽  
P.S. Kettlewell ◽  
R.K. Scott
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Amylase Activity ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Alpha Amylase

DISTRIBUTION OF α-AMYLASE IN THE TRITICALE KERNEL DURING DEVELOPMENT

1975 ◽  
Vol 55 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. DEDIO ◽  
D. H. SIMMONDS ◽  
R. D. HILL ◽  
H. SHEALY
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Secale Cereale ◽  
Microscopic Examination ◽  
Amylase Activity ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Alpha Amylase ◽  
Necrotic Tissue ◽  
Aleurone Cells ◽  
Development Period ◽  
Secale Cereale L

Seed of four triticale (Triticale hexaploide Lart.) cultivars, two wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars, and one rye (Secale cereale L.) cultivar were harvested at 4-day intervals from 6 to 42 days post-anthesis. Alpha-amylase activity was determined in the embryo, pericarp, aleurone, and endosperm of the seed. In all cases, the α-amylase activity in the embryo was low. The pericarp activity reached a maximum in all samples at approximately 10–15 days post-anthesis. Aleurone and endosperm activity remained low throughout the development period in all but one triticale cultivar. In triticale cultivar 6A 190, the aleurone and endosperm α-amylase activity remained low until approximately 20–25 days post-anthesis, at which point the activity increased to levels normally associated with sprouted grain. Light microscopic examination of the 6A 190 at 10 days post-anthesis showed that the starch in the inner portion of the pericarp was digested. At 22 days, all pericarp starch had disappeared. Specific lesions in the endosperm and aleurone cells were observed beyond 22 days. Areas of the endosperm where starch damage due to α-amylase could be seen were often associated with regions possessing necrotic tissue located between the aleurone and endosperm. In some areas, aleurone cells were completely absent.

LEADER HARD RED SPRING WHEAT

1982 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
pp. 231-232 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. M. De PAUW ◽  
D. S. McBEAN ◽  
S. R. BUZINSKI ◽  
T. F. TOWNLEY-SMITH ◽  
J. M. CLARKE ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Amylase Activity ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Alpha Amylase ◽  
Wheat Stem Sawfly ◽  
Hard Red Spring Wheat ◽  
Low Level ◽  
Brown Soil

Leader hard red spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) combines resistance to the wheat stem sawfly with a low level of alpha-amylase activity. It is adapted to the Brown soil zones of Alberta and Saskatchewan.

scholarly journals The genetics of late maturity alpha-amylase (LMA) in North American spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Chang Liu ◽  
Rehana S. Parveen ◽  
Samuel R. Revolinski ◽  
Kimberly A. Garland Campbell ◽  
Michael O. Pumphrey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
North American ◽  
Genome Wide Association Study ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Preharvest Sprouting ◽  
Alpha Amylase ◽  
Reduced Height ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Late Maturity

Abstract Genetic susceptibility to late maturity alpha-amylase (LMA) in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) results in increased alpha-amylase activity in mature grain when cool conditions occur during late grain maturation. Farmers are forced to sell wheat grain with elevated alpha-amylase at a discount because it has an increased risk of poor end-product quality. This problem can result from either LMA or preharvest sprouting, grain germination on the mother plant when rain occurs before harvest. Whereas preharvest sprouting is a well-understood problem, little is known about the risk LMA poses to North American wheat crops. To examine this, LMA susceptibility was characterized in a panel of 251 North American hard spring wheat lines, representing ten geographical areas. It appears that there is substantial LMA susceptibility in North American wheat since only 27% of the lines showed reproducible LMA resistance following cold-induction experiments. A preliminary genome-wide association study detected six significant marker-trait associations. LMA in North American wheat may result from genetic mechanisms similar to those previously observed in Australian and International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT) germplasm since two of the detected QTLs, QLMA.wsu.7B and QLMA.wsu.6B, co-localized with previously reported loci. The Reduced height (Rht) loci also influenced LMA. Elevated alpha-amylase levels were significantly associated with the presence of both wild-type and tall height, rht-B1a and rht-D1a, loci in both cold-treated and untreated samples.

Effects of pericarp alpha-amylase activity on wheat (Triticum aestivum) Hagberg falling number

2001 ◽  
Vol 138 (2) ◽  
pp. 207-214 ◽  
Author(s):  
G D LUNN ◽  
P S KETTLEWELL ◽  
B J MAJOR ◽  
R K SCOTT
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Amylase Activity ◽  
Alpha Amylase ◽  
Falling Number ◽  
Hagberg Falling Number

scholarly journals The activities of amylases and α-amylase inhibitor in wide-range herbicide resistant wheat lines

2010 ◽  
Vol 28 (No. 3) ◽  
pp. 217-224
Author(s):  
M. Nagy-Gasztonyi ◽  
A. Nagy ◽  
E. Németh-SZerdahelyi ◽  
J. Pauk ◽  
É. Gelencsér
Keyword(s):  
Amylase Activity ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Transgenic Wheat ◽  
Alpha Amylase ◽  
Non Profit ◽  
Amylase Inhibitor ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Transgenic Lines ◽  
Alpha Amylase Inhibitor ◽  
Wheat Lines

The activities of total amylase, α-amylase, and α-amylase inhibitor in the albumin-globulin fractions of isogenic non transgenic control (CY 45) and ppt (phosphinothrichin) resistant transgenic spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) lines (T106, T116, T117, T124, T128, T129) were studied in two subsequent years. The plants were either sprayed with a selective herbicide Granstar (G), a wide range herbicide Finale 14 SL (F), or were grown without spraying (Q). Samples were obtained from field trial experiments of the Cereal Research Non Profit Co (Szeged, Hungary). Our results showed an increased trend in total amylase activity of untreated transgenic wheat lines in comparison with non transgenic wheat. The herbicide treatments enhanced the total amylase activity in both transgenic and non transgenic wheat samples. The changes in α-amylase inhibitor activity showed the same trend as that observed in total amylase activity in transgenic lines.

ELECTRON PROBE ANALYSIS OF SAP EXUDATES OF TWO VARIETIES OF WHEAT (TRITICUM AESTIVUM L.)

1984 ◽  
Vol 45 (C2) ◽  
pp. C2-515-C2-518
Author(s):  
S. Gartner ◽  
N. Roinel ◽  
N. Paris-Pireyre
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Electron Probe ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Electron Probe Analysis ◽  
Probe Analysis
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