Situational Factors Affecting Judgments of Future Performance

1993 ◽  
Vol 54 (1) ◽  
pp. 104-132 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebecca A. Henry ◽  
Janet A. Sniezek
Keyword(s):  
Situational Factors ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Future Performance

scholarly journals Degradation Behavior of Polymers Used as Coating Materials for Drug Delivery—A Basic Review

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 1272
Author(s):  
Anita Ioana Visan ◽  
Gianina Popescu-Pelin ◽  
Gabriel Socol
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Degradation Mechanism ◽  
Degradation Behavior ◽  
Polymeric Coatings ◽  
Degradation Mechanisms ◽  
Coating Materials ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Existing Problems ◽  
Future Performance ◽  
Measuring Techniques

The purpose of the work was to emphasize the main differences and similarities in the degradation mechanisms in the case of polymeric coatings compared with the bulk ones. Combined with the current background, this work reviews the properties of commonly utilized degradable polymers in drug delivery, the factors affecting degradation mechanism, testing methods while offering a retrospective on the evolution of the controlled release of biodegradable polymeric coatings. A literature survey on stability and degradation of different polymeric coatings, which were thoroughly evaluated by different techniques, e.g., polymer mass loss measurements, surface, structural and chemical analysis, was completed. Moreover, we analyzed some shortcomings of the degradation behavior of biopolymers in form of coatings and briefly proposed some solving directions to the main existing problems (e.g., improving measuring techniques resolution, elucidation of complete mathematical analysis of the different degradation mechanisms). Deep studies are still necessary on the dynamic changes which occur to biodegradable polymeric coatings which can help to envisage the future performance of synthesized films designed to be used as medical devices with application in drug delivery.

Pharmaceutical Innovation in the United States: Factors Affecting Future Performance

1993 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 167-173 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael R. Pollard
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Pharmaceutical Industry ◽  
Research And Development ◽  
Cost Containment ◽  
The United States ◽  
Private Companies ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
The Past ◽  
Future Performance ◽  
Regulatory Strategy

AbstractFueled by high returns on its investments, the pharmaceutical industry in the United States has flourished for the past 50 years. The regulatory strategy of demanding stringent testing then allowing market-based pricing has allowed private companies to fund ambitious research and development activities with the assurance that these investments will be recovered. However, aggressive managed-care cost-containment strategies threaten the companies' ability to recoup research and development expenses and may affect their willingness to invest in future innovative research.

Electoral Performance by Post-Rebel Parties

2018 ◽  
Vol 54 (3) ◽  
pp. 415-453 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carrie Manning ◽  
Ian Smith
Keyword(s):  
Legislative Elections ◽  
Full Data ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Future Performance ◽  
Organizational Experience ◽  
Varying Length ◽  
New Research ◽  
Electoral Performance ◽  
Positive Effect

This article explores the factors affecting post-rebel party electoral performance. We present new research tracking the participation of these groups in national legislative elections from 1990 to 2016. Our full data set covers 77 parties and 286 elections in 37 countries. It includes parties formed after conflicts of varying length and intensity, with different incompatibilities, in every region of the world, and in countries with disparate political histories. Our analysis suggests that post-rebel parties’ early electoral performance strongly affects future performance, and that competition – crowd-out by older rival parties – and pre-war organizational experience in politics have a significant positive effect, particularly for those parties that are consistently winning more than about 10 per cent of seats. But especially for parties that consistently win very low seat shares, organizational characteristics yield increasingly to environmental factors, most importantly the presence of rival parties and the barriers to representation presented by electoral rules.

Examining the Economics of Prostitution Using Online Data

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas J. Holt ◽  
Kristie R. Blevins ◽  
Sarah Fitzgerald
Keyword(s):  
Sex Workers ◽  
Supply And Demand ◽  
Situational Factors ◽  
Online Data ◽  
Sex Trade ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Sex Worker ◽  
Computer Mediated ◽  
Web Forums ◽  
Computer Mediated Communications

The exchanges between sex workers and their clients are often hidden from view, making it difficult to understand how the prices paid to sex workers vary depending on city, time of the year, where they solicit, and the demographics and attitudes of the sex worker. The Internet and computer-mediated communications, however, enable an investigation of prostitution as the customers of various sex workers discuss their sexual exploits and share tips and information with others online. This research uses data collected from 10 city-specific Web forums to examine the price structures of prostitution and the attitudinal, behavioral, and demographic factors affecting the prices paid to sex workers. The implications of this study for our understanding of the various environmental, individual, and situational factors that affect the supply and demand of the sex trade from the client’s perspective will be explored in detail.

‘all in the Same Boat—: A Qualitative Study of Patients’ Attitudes and Experiences in Group Acupuncture Clinics

2012 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 163-169 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthea Asprey ◽  
Charlotte Paterson ◽  
Adrian White
Keyword(s):  
Physical Space ◽  
Situational Factors ◽  
Group Setting ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Knee Oa ◽  
Telephone Interviews ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Single Sex ◽  
Appointment System ◽  
Cost Efficient

Background Group acupuncture clinics have been introduced in a London hospital and in two general practices in Hertfordshire for the treatment of knee osteoarthritis (OA). Encouraging preliminary reports have been published of the efficacy of the treatment delivered in this setting but its acceptability to patients has not yet been established. The aim was to investigate the acceptability and perceived advantages and disadvantages of acupuncture delivered in the group setting for the treatment of knee OA. Methods Semistructured interviews were conducted with 16 patients in their own homes and with four nurses over the telephone. Interviews were recorded, transcribed, fully anonymised and analysed thematically. Results Group acupuncture was delivered with enthusiasm by nurses, was acceptable and popular with patients and recognised to be cost-efficient. Factors affecting acceptability were situational, interpersonal and intrapersonal. Situational factors included adequacy of the physical space used, flexibility of the appointment system and the changing and adaptable nature of the group. Interpersonal factors were mutual support, the exchange of information, the provision of mixed or single-sex sessions and the role of the acupuncture nurse. Intrapersonal factors that increased acceptability were less clear, but nurses expressed the view that the group setting was less suitable for patients with complex conditions or severe pain. Conclusions Acceptability is very high and may be maximised by taking a number of factors into account: full information should be provided before treatment begins; flexibility should be maintained in the appointment system and different levels of contact between fellow patients should be fostered; sufficient space and staffing should be provided and single-sex groups used wherever possible.

Demographic and Situational Factors Affecting Injury, Resistance, Completion, and Charges Brought in Sexual Assault Cases: What Is Best for Arrest?

2004 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 479-494 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hannah S. Scott ◽  
Rebecca Beaman
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Assault ◽  
Situational Factors ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Physical Resistance ◽  
Compliance Strategy

This study examines demographic and situational factors in an effort to predict whether or not a complainant was injured, used resistance, experienced a completed assault, and whether charges were brought against the offender. If the accused had consumed alcohol or drugs, he was almost seven times more likely to be arrested. The complainant was six times more likely to report rape completion if she had consumed alcohol or drugs and if the complainant fell unconscious at any time during the attack she was significantly less likely to use a resistance strategy. The complainant’s use of a compliance strategy at any time during the assault positively predicted not using a physical resistance strategy and sexual assault completion. The reporting of injury positively predicted use a physical resistance strategy and sexual assault completion. If the assault was completed, it was less likely that charges were pressed. Implications of these findings are discussed, and directions for future research are offered.

Study on Factors Affecting Learning Strategies in Reading Comprehension

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 586 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoling Yang
Keyword(s):  
Reading Comprehension ◽  
Learning Strategies ◽  
Learning Strategy ◽  
Strategy Use ◽  
Situational Factors ◽  
Individual Factors ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Reading Competence

This paper presents the literature on reading competence and analyzes the influence of factors on students’ strategy use. The necessity of integrating social and individual factors in the studies of learning strategy, especially individual factors affecting the improvement of reading competence is made explicit, and this is followed by the description of situational factors and individual factors such as motivation, age, sex, personality and so on.

Targets for Cruelty: Demographic and Situational Factors Affecting the Type of Animal Abused

2005 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 173-182 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suzanne E. Tallichet ◽  
Christopher Hensley ◽  
Adam O’Bryan ◽  
Heidi Hassel
Keyword(s):  
Situational Factors ◽  
Factors Affecting
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