Outlines of Artificial Life: A Brief History of Evolutionary Individual Based Models

2006 ◽  
pp. 226-237 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefan Bornhofen ◽  
Claude Lattaud
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Life ◽  
Individual Based Models ◽  
History Of

scholarly journals Emulator-based Bayesian optimization for efficient multi-objective calibration of an individual-based model of malaria

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Theresa Reiker ◽  
Monica Golumbeanu ◽  
Andrew Shattock ◽  
Lydia Burgert ◽  
Thomas A. Smith ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Malaria Transmission ◽  
Goodness Of Fit ◽  
Epidemiological Data ◽  
Bayesian Optimization ◽  
Model Complexity ◽  
Dimensional Parameter ◽  
Optimization Framework ◽  
Individual Based Models ◽  
Objective Parameter ◽  
History Of

AbstractIndividual-based models have become important tools in the global battle against infectious diseases, yet model complexity can make calibration to biological and epidemiological data challenging. We propose using a Bayesian optimization framework employing Gaussian process or machine learning emulator functions to calibrate a complex malaria transmission simulator. We demonstrate our approach by optimizing over a high-dimensional parameter space with respect to a portfolio of multiple fitting objectives built from datasets capturing the natural history of malaria transmission and disease progression. Our approach quickly outperforms previous calibrations, yielding an improved final goodness of fit. Per-objective parameter importance and sensitivity diagnostics provided by our approach offer epidemiological insights and enhance trust in predictions through greater interpretability.

Computer Creativity in the Automatic Design of Robots

Leonardo ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 115-121 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jordan B. Pollack ◽  
Gregory S. Hornby ◽  
Hod Lipson ◽  
Pablo Funes
Keyword(s):  
Control Systems ◽  
Artificial Life ◽  
Physical Simulation ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Life Forms ◽  
Robotic Systems ◽  
Truss Structures ◽  
Rapid Manufacturing ◽  
Automatic Design ◽  
History Of

This article demonstrates the possibility that robotic systems can automatically design robots with complex morphologies and tightly adapted control systems at a low cost. These automatic designs are inspired by nature and achieved through an artificial coevolutionary process to adapt the bodies and brains of artificial life-forms simultaneously through interaction with a simulated reality. Through the use of rapid manufacturing, these evolved designs can be transferred from virtual to true reality. The artificial evolution process embedded in realistic physical simulation can create simple designs often recognizable from the history of biology or engineering. This paper provides a brief review of three generations of these robots, from automatically designed LEGO structures, through the GOLEM project of electromechanical systems based on “truss” structures, to new modular designs that make use of a generative, DNA-like representation.

scholarly journals Individual-based models under various time-scales

2020 ◽  
Vol 68 ◽  
pp. 123-152
Author(s):  
Aurélien Velleret
Keyword(s):  
Time Scales ◽  
Scaling Limits ◽  
Single Individual ◽  
Limiting Behavior ◽  
Rare Mutations ◽  
Demographic Dynamics ◽  
Individual Based Models ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Individual

This article is a presentation of specific recent results describing scaling limits of individual- based models. Thanks to them, we wish to relate the time-scales typical of demographic dynamics and natural selection to the parameters of the individual-based models. Although these results are by no means exhaustive, both on the mathematical and the biological level, they complement each other. Indeed, they provide a viewpoint for many classical time-scales. Namely, they encompass the timescale typical of the life-expectancy of a single individual, the longer one wherein a population can be characterized through its demographic dynamics, and at least four interconnected ones wherein selection occurs. The limiting behavior is generally deterministic. Yet, since there are selective effects on randomness in the history of lineages, probability theory is shown to be a key factor in understanding the results. Besides, randomness can be maintained in the limiting dynamics, for instance to model rare mutations fixing in the population.

Eighteenth-Century Wetware

2003 ◽  
Vol 83 (1) ◽  
pp. 97-125 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica Riskin
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
Artificial Life ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Way

This essay explores a similarity between the way people approached the relation of life to machinery during the second half of the eighteenth century, and the way they have been exploring this relation during the second half of the twentieth century and turn of the twenty-first. The essay describes a moment of intense interest in producing artificial life, from the 1730s to the 1790s, examines what set the projects of this moment apart from previous and subsequent ways of conceiving the relations between animal and artificial machinery,and closes with some speculation about the similarity between the two epochs in the history of artificial life, then and now.

“Life Is a Verb”: Inflections of Artificial Life in Cultural Context

2007 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 189-201 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefan Helmreich
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
History Of Science ◽  
Literary Theory ◽  
Artificial Life ◽  
Cultural Context ◽  
Art Criticism ◽  
Recent Literature ◽  
Natural Sciences ◽  
History Of ◽  
Verb Inflections

This review essay surveys recent literature in the history of science, literary theory, anthropology, and art criticism dedicated to exploring how the artificial life enterprise has been inflected by—and might also reshape—existing social, historical, cognitive, and cultural frames of thought and action. The piece works through various possible interpretations of Kevin Kelly's phrase “life is a verb,” in order to track recent shifts in cultural studies of artificial life from an aesthetic of critique to an aesthetic of conversation, discerning in the process different styles of translating between the concerns of the humanities, social sciences, natural sciences, and sciences of the artificial.

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