AUTOBIOGRAFÍA / AUTOFICCIÓN EN EL ÁMBITO HISPÁNICO. FRONTERAS Y ESTUDIOS RECIENTES

En la teoría literaria sobre escritura autobiográfica y autoficcional ha predominado cierta confusión en el empleo de las etiquetas y solamente en los últimos años parece haberse generalizado una distinción definitiva entre ambos discursos narrativos. Este artículo tiene como objetivo establecer un recorrido de la evolución experimentada por la dicotomía autobiografía / autoficción. Para ello parto de los orígenes de lo autoficcional, analizo la evolución de este debate y finalmente me centro en las últimas publicaciones de relevancia. La intención es dar a conocer nuevas ideas, todavía poco discutidas en el ámbito hispánico, que desarrollan y amplían los planteamientos de autores asentados en este campo de estudio. Abstract: In the literary theory on autobiographical writing and autofiction, there has been a certain degree of confusion in the use of labels; only recently, a clear distinction has been drawn between them both. This article aims to establish a path of evolution for the dichotomy autobiography / autofiction. I will start from the origins of autofiction, will later analyse the evolution of the theoretical debate, and will finally focus on the latest relevant publications. Therefore, the article will make known new ideas, still little discussed in the Hispanic sphere, which develop and extend the approaches of authors based in this field of study.

ACTUAR (Y) SORPRENDER (Y) SUGERIR. LA CONVIVENCIA PRAGMÁTICA DE LOS DISCURSOS COTIDIANOS, CÓMICOS Y POÉTICOS, BASE DE UNA TEORÍA DE LA FICCIÓN

La teoría de la relevancia de Sperber y Wilson permite entender los discursos cotidianos, cómicos y poéticos desde un nuevo enfoque. Ya no es necesario pensar en un proceso comunicativo independiente para cada uno de ellos, sino que podemos explicarlos como tipos de uso de un proceso comunicativo complejo. Esta perspectiva nos obliga a reconsiderar algunos conceptos tradicionales de la teoría de la literatura, como no ficción, autoficción o canon. Tomando como base esas premisas, en el presente artículo se propone una definición de la noción de ficción. Abstract: Sperber and Wilson’s Relevance Theory allows us to understand everyday, comical and poetic discourses from a new scope. It is no longer necessary to formulate an independent communicative process for each one of them. On the contrary, they can be explained as different uses of one large and complex process. This perspective forces us to reconsider some traditional Literary Theory concepts, such as nonfiction, autofiction or canon. Taking these premises as a starting point, this article aims to propose a definition of fiction.

LA DINAMICIDAD DE LOS TEXTOS LITERARIOS: HACIA UNA TIPOLOGÍA DE LA TRANSREFERENCIALIDAD

Este artículo integra las aportaciones de la teoría de la literatura acerca de las relaciones entre los textos en un contexto más abarcador: el de la transacción de referencias. De este modo, se contemplan las particularidades de los vínculos que fomentan las obras literarias, incluyendo aquellos que se producen con elementos no textualizados –sistemas semiológicos distintos o esquemas formales o de contenido, por ejemplo–. En consecuencia, se propone una tipología sobre los procedimientos transreferenciales, que se estructuran en tres niveles: 1) el contacto directo, 2) las modalidades, y 3) las relaciones interdiscursivas. Esta clasificación, susceptible de aplicarse a todos los géneros, se ejemplificará a lo largo del artículo con textos pertenecientes a la poesía española contemporánea. Abstract: This paper integrates the contributions of literary theory about the relationships between texts in a wider context: that of the transaction of references. In this way, it contemplates the particularities of the links fostered by literary works, including those produced by means of non-textualised elements (different semiotic systems or formal or content schemas, for example). Consequently, a typology is proposed regarding transreferential procedures, which are structured on three levels: 1) direct contact, 2) modes, and 3) interdiscursive relations. This classification, which can be applied to all genres, will be exemplified throughout the paper with texts belonging to contemporary Spanish poetry.

METAPHOR IN BAHASA BATAK ANGKOLA JULU PROVERB

Discussion of metaphor is also widely associated with proverbs. This is not surprising because metaphor is a part of figure of speech in literary theory. The aim of this research was to find out the reasons of metaphor realized in BBAJ Proverb in the way they are. Thinking and creating metaphors that human cannot escape from their environtment, because they always interact with it. The study of interactions between humans and their environment (animate and inanimate beings) is called an ecological study systemThe data sources of this research were 5 people. They are the descendants of native speakers who first lived in the village of Sabungan Julu. The research is a kind of qualitative descriptive. The data of the research focus on phrase, which contain of metaphor on BBAJ Proverb, the technique of collecting data that is used in the research is collecting or listing proverbs from Bahasa Batak Angkola Julu. From some process of communication the researcher has been listed any proverbs based on the context of interaction and communication. The results of this research as the reason of the using metaphor, the BBAJ’s Proverb used depends on the social and cultural environtment shows their identity . Results of the reason of using metaphor in BBAJ Proverb are, the microsmos reason is the most prominent reason where the percentage distribution is 52,5% while the macrocosmos reason is 47,5 %. There is a proverb which has two reason of using metaphor in BBAJ Proverb, both macrocosmos and microsmos. The proverb is halak na lilu di alaman /pae sobanan. From the result it can be concluded that the reason for the creation of metaphors in BBAJ Proverb is more dominated by the culture, customs, mindset and habits of the Angkola Julu people themselves (microcosmos) rather than the geographical conditions of their natural environment (macrocosmos). Keywords: Metaphor, Bahasa Batak Angkola Julu (BBAJ) Proverb, the Reason of the Using Metaphor

ГЕНЕЗА ДУМИ ПРО БРИТАНКУ ЮРІЯ ЯНОВСЬКОГО В КОНТЕКСТІ ТРАДИЦІЙ РАДЯНСЬКОЇ ДРАМАТУРГІЇ

The specificity of this article is the consideration not only of the completed text entitled A Duma about Brytanka, but also of the play-forming and creating process, which became possible due to the presence of drafts and draft notes to the work. Therefore, this study is conducted not only in along the lines of literary theory, but also textology. The relevance of the study is that the view from above allows us to comprehend, or even rethink, the play A Duma about Brytanka in the context of the author’s work and also in the context of the Soviet drama landscape in general. Understanding and rethinking the work of predecessors is an important process for comprehending the development of literature as a general process and its development within the national borders. The aim of the study at hand is to determine how the realities of the time and especially the accepted literary trend and historical events influenced the formation of the text of the play. The results of the study show that the original idea of A Duma about Brytanka had much more romantic features, as romanticism as a style of thinking was inherent for Yuri Yanovskyi. However, in the process of creating the play, the author began to rely on the documents that showed the real case of the social republic. The author abandoned the original version and completed the play so that it became much closer to the Soviet canon than to romanticism.

Conflicts of Social Class in Movies

Social conflict happens due to diversities of opinion, culture, and ideology in the certain society. It can be discovered in every stratum of society level, social conflict can occur in the upper, middle and lower class. This study explained social class conflicts which were taken from two movies: Parasite (2019) and Joker (2019). This study uses a comparative literary theory by Sussan Bassnet. Th study also used focused on the social class conflict theory by Lewis Coser and the classification of people by Karl Max. The method used in this research is descriptive in technique of analyzing the data was obtaining by categorizing, describing and interpreting the data, then making conclusion. The result showed that in the Parasite and the Joker movies contained of social class conflict, it occurred inter classes of people in a society. based on analysis, it concluded that both of the movie has differences in the social class conflict and the causes of the conflict itself. However, both movies have the same consequences of the conflict. In the Parasite movie social class conflict occurred inter the lower class. While, in the Joker movie, the social class conflict occurred between the upper and lower class.

PERPETUAL PARADOXES: A NEW CRITICAL READING OF “THE LAKE ISLE OF INNISFREE” AND “STOPPING BY WOODS ON A SNOWY EVENING”

“The Lake Isle of Innisfree” by R. Frost and “Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening” by W. B. Yeats are two of the most representative poems of these poets. Part of their universal appeal lies in their messages and their craftsmanship, and both the qualities relate to the New Critical conception of poetry. Since New Criticism as a literary theory, originating in the early twentieth century, seeks to explore poems through some central points of references in a close reading, this present study takes paradoxes as a central point of reference for a close reading of the two poems and attempts to unveil their poetic enigma by examining what tensions the paradoxes create through the speakers’ grappling with the dilemmas they are facing, how the paradoxes are being resolved or left unresolved, what similarities the two poems share in this regard, and what poetic unity the poems ultimately attain through the development of these paradoxes.

The Image of Women in the Poetry of The Marsinah Fall by Sapardi Djoko Damono

The poem Dongeng Marsinah by Sapardi Djoko Damono is one of the literary works that comes with an approach to the study of feminism and the image of women to respond to people's lives today. The data collection technique uses document analysis based on feminist literary theory. The interesting thing in the poem entitled Dongeng Marsinah by Sapardi Djoko Damono is the emergence of a women's movement against injustice or patriarchy through a literary work. The theory used is based on feminism literary theory with a sociological approach to literature. The view of literary works in the poem entitled Dongeng Marsinah by Sapardi Djoko Damono has a reflection on today's social life. The representation of women in the poem Dongeng Marsinah by Sapardi Djoko Damono include: (1) the representation of women from a psychological perspective; (2) the representation of women in society; (3) the representation of women in terms of behavior; and (4) the representation of women from a physical point of view. The hope is that by understanding the meaning of the image of women in the poem, a woman should not be treated with violence physically, mentally, or sexually.