Dealing with Relative Similarity in Clustering: An Indiscernibility Based Approach

2003 ◽  
pp. 513-518 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shoji Hirano ◽  
Shusaku Tsumoto
Keyword(s):  
Relative Similarity

MOLECULAR GENETIC ASPECTS OF SUCCESSFUL PERFORMANCE IN CYCLIC SPORTS

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 67-79
Author(s):  
Sergei Melnov ◽  
Tatyana Lebed ◽  
Elena Komar
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Markers ◽  
Molecular Genetic ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Successful Performance ◽  
Development Patterns ◽  
Genetic Status ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Agt Gene ◽  
Initial Selection ◽  
Relative Similarity

The purpose of the study was a comparative analysis of the genetic status of rowing athletes and swimmers of high sports qualifications. Methods and organization of research. The cohort studies brought together a control group (215 people), a group of rowers (215 people) of high qualification (Candidates Masters of Sports - 54, Masters of Sports - 102, Masters of Sports International Class - 59); a group of swimmers (127) of high qualification (Candidates Masters of Sports - 114, Masters of Sports - 13). The typing of the polymorphism of the studied genes was carried out using the method of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) with subsequent processing of the amplification by restriction endonucleases (NlaIII, TaqI, MspI, BslI). The results of the study. We have substantiated the panel of genetic markers that determine successful performance in rowing, including the following polymorphic systems: I / D of the ACE gene, Met174Thr of the AGT gene, Ser482Gly of the PPARGC1A gene, + 294T / C of the PPARD gene, G2027C of the PPAPA gene, S / L of the 5HTT gene; T102C of the 5HT2A gene. Despite the relative similarity of requirements for successful performance in rowing and swimming, significant differences in the genetic status of successful athletes were revealed. Conclusion. Analysis of the expression of genetic markers, the number of which is constantly increasing, makes it possible to predict not only the development patterns of physical qualities of an athlete, but also to assess his training potential. It helps us to identify approaches to the development and correction of training programs for specific athletes based on their genetic status. Summarizing the results of the initial selection in the cyclic sports section, we can recommend the analysis of the following polymorphic markers: I / D gene ACE, Thr174Met gene AGT, G2528C gene PPARA, Gly482Ser gene PPARGC1A, + 294T / C gene PPARD, C102T gene 5HT2 L, 5HTA S gene 5HTT.

Development of Repeatable Interim Products Utilizing the Common Generic Block Concept

2002 ◽  
Vol 18 (04) ◽  
pp. 195-202
Author(s):  
Richard Lee Storch ◽  
Smith Sukapanpotharam
Keyword(s):  
Mass Customization ◽  
General Framework ◽  
Product Family ◽  
Threshold Value ◽  
Stopping Criterion ◽  
Clustering Techniques ◽  
World Class ◽  
The Common ◽  
Block Complexity ◽  
Relative Similarity

Productive shipbuilders provide customized or made-to-order products to customers. To date, most of these "world class" companies have succeeded by developing a series of repeatable type blocks, which may be chosen and combined to form products that respond to customer needs. Type blocks have been developed as a result of long experience in customizing ships to specific needs, while maintaining a repeatable build strategy. These are, therefore, empirically based. This paper reports on the early stages of work to develop a theory and methodology for developing type blocks for shipyards that do not currently have them in place and/or lack the historical base from which to extract common blocks. The concept, called Common Generic Block, builds these using the principles of mass customization, a block complexity matrix, grouping using clustering techniques based on production attributes, and applying a threshold value as a stopping criterion for the clustering. This paper describes the general framework of the approach and provides details on the block complexity matrix, used for determining the relative similarity of products to be included in a product family.

scholarly journals High-throughput sequencing of CD4+ T cell repertoire reveals disease-specific signatures in IgG4-related disease

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Liwen Wang ◽  
Panpan Zhang ◽  
Jieqiong Li ◽  
Hui Lu ◽  
Linyi Peng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
Length Distribution ◽  
Clonal Expansion ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
T Cell Repertoire ◽  
Cell Repertoire ◽  
Related Disease ◽  
Igg4 Related Disease ◽  
Cdr3 Length ◽  
Relative Similarity

Abstract Background CD4+ T cells play critical roles in the pathogenesis of IgG4-related disease (IgG4-RD). The aim of this study was to investigate the TCR repertoire of peripheral blood CD4+ T cells in IgG4-RD. Methods The peripheral blood was collected from six healthy controls and eight IgG4-RD patients. TCR β-chain libraries of CD4+ T cells were constructed by 5′-rapid amplification of cDNA ends (5′-RACE) and sequenced by Illumina Miseq platform. The relative similarity of TCR repertoires between samples was evaluated according to the total frequencies of shared clonotypes (metric F), correlation of frequencies of shared clonotypes (metric R), and total number of shared clonotypes (metric D). Results The clonal expansion and diversity of CD4+ T cell repertoire were comparable between healthy controls and IgG4-RD patients, while the proportion of expanded and coding degenerated clones, as an indicator of antigen-driven clonal expansion, was significantly higher in IgG4-RD patients. There was no significant difference in TRBV and TRBJ gene usage between healthy controls and IgG4-RD patients. The complementarity determining region 3 (CDR3) length distribution was skewed towards longer fragments in IgG4-RD. Visualization of relative similarity of TCR repertoires by multi-dimensional scaling analysis showed that TCR repertoires of IgG4-RD patients were separated from that of healthy controls in F and D metrics. We identified 11 IgG4-RD-specific CDR3 amino acid sequences that were expanded in at least 2 IgG4-RD patients, while not detected in healthy controls. According to TCR clonotype networks constructed by connecting all the CDR3 sequences with a Levenshtein distance of 1, 3 IgG4-RD-specific clusters were identified. We annotated the TCR sequences with known antigen specificity according to McPAS-TCR database and found that the frequencies of TCR sequences associated with each disease or immune function were comparable between healthy controls and IgG4-RD patients. Conclusion According to our study of CD4+ T cells from eight IgG4-RD patients, TCR repertoires of IgG4-RD patients were different from that of healthy controls in the proportion of expanded and coding degenerated clones and CDR3 length distribution. In addition, IgG4-RD-specific TCR sequences and clusters were identified in our study.

scholarly journals Measuring perceived morphological relatedness

2016 ◽  
Vol 61 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-67 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathleen Currie Hall ◽  
Claire Allen ◽  
Tess Fairburn ◽  
Michael Fry ◽  
Michael McAuliffe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Semantic Similarity ◽  
Objective Measurements ◽  
Behavioural Study ◽  
Relative Similarity

AbstractThis paper provides a metric for determining whether a given pair of English words is perceived to be morphologically related, based on objective measurements of the words’ orthographic, phonetic, and semantic similarity to each other. The metric is developed on the basis of results from a behavioural study in which participants were asked to judge the relative similarity of pairs of words. The metric is intended to help researchers determine which forms in a language plausibly have segments that alternate; as an example, it is applied to the lexicon of English to illustrate its utility in calculating the frequency of alternation of [s] and [ʃ].

A relative similarity based method for interactive patient risk prediction

2014 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 1070-1093 ◽  
Author(s):  
Buyue Qian ◽  
Xiang Wang ◽  
Nan Cao ◽  
Hongfei Li ◽  
Yu-Gang Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Risk Prediction ◽  
Patient Risk ◽  
Relative Similarity

Computational Intelligence for Modeling Human Sensations in Virtual Environments

2004 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 302-312
Author(s):  
Ka Keung Lee ◽  
◽  
Yangsheng Xu
Keyword(s):  
Virtual Environments ◽  
Computational Intelligence ◽  
Input Data ◽  
Markov Models ◽  
Body Motion ◽  
Input Selection ◽  
Physical Stimuli ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Relative Similarity ◽  
Full Body

In this research, computational intelligence techniques are applied towards the modeling of human sensations in virtual environments. We specifically focus on the following important questions: (1) how to efficiently model the relationship between human sensations and the physical stimuli presented to humans, (2) how to validate the human sensation models, and (3) how to reduce the size of the input data when it gets large and how to select the information which is most important to human sensation modeling. In order to provide an experimental testbed for the implementation of the proposed learning and analysis techniques, a full-body motion virtual reality interface capable of recording human sensations is developed. We propose using cascade neural networks with node-decoupled extended Kalman filter training for modeling human sensation in virtual environments. For the purpose of sensation model validation, we propose using a stochastic similarity measure based on hidden Markov models to calculate the relative similarity between model-generated sensation and actual human sensation. Next, we investigate a number of feature extraction and input selection techniques for reducing the input data size in human sensation modeling. We propose and develop a new input selection method based on independent component analysis, which is capable of reducing the data size and selecting the stimuli information that is most important to the human sensation.

scholarly journals Sparse Online Relative Similarity Learning

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dezhong Yao ◽  
Peilin Zhao ◽  
Chen Yu ◽  
Hai Jin ◽  
Bin Li
Keyword(s):  
Similarity Learning ◽  
Relative Similarity

scholarly journals Linguistic constraints on intrasentential code-switching: A study of Spanish/Hebrew bilingualism

1986 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 313-348 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan Berk-Seligson
Keyword(s):  
Language Contact ◽  
Syntactic Structure ◽  
Code Switching ◽  
Syntactic Constraints ◽  
Structure Constraint ◽  
Linguistic Constraints ◽  
Contact Situation ◽  
Relative Similarity

ABSTRACTIn recent years, research has increasingly pointed toward the universality of three linguistic constraints on code-switching: (1) an equivalence of structure constraint, (2) a size-of-constituent constraint, and (3) a free morpheme constraint. The evidence derived from this study challenges the universality of the first two of these constraints, and argues instead that their claim to universality is largely a function of the coincidental relative similarity in the syntactic structure of Spanish and English, the two languages upon which most code-switching studies have been based. The present study breaks out of the Spanish-English mold and draws upon data from a language contact situation in which the two languages are syntactically very different from each other, namely, Spanish and Hebrew. The evidence presented also challenges the frequently made assertion that type of code-switching, namely, intra- versus intersentential code-switching, is correlated with degree of bilingualism of the speaker. Finally, the evidence suggests that intrasentential code-switching ability cannot, as some have argued, universally be considered a measure of bilingualism nor a mark of the balanced bilingual. (Code-switching, Spanish, Hebrew, bilingualism, syntactic constraints)

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