The Future of Alternative Approaches in Reproductive Toxicity Testing

1991 ◽  
pp. 177-199
Author(s):  
Paul Duffy ◽  
Stuart Freeman ◽  
Derek Newall
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Toxicity ◽  
Toxicity Testing ◽  
The Future ◽  
Alternative Approaches

scholarly journals Alternatives to and Reduction of Animal Use in Biomedical Research, Education and Testing

1990 ◽  
Vol 18 (1_part_1) ◽  
pp. 65-74
Author(s):  
John M. Frazier ◽  
Alan M. Goldberg
Keyword(s):  
Biomedical Research ◽  
Toxicity Testing ◽  
Research Education ◽  
New Methods ◽  
New Approaches ◽  
The Future ◽  
Technological Developments ◽  
Animal Use ◽  
Do So

Biomedical endeavours can be divided into three major categories: research, education, and testing. Within the context of each of these categories, activities involving whole animals have made major contributions and will continue to do so in the future. However, with technological developments in the areas of biotechnology and computers, new methods are already reducing the use of whole animals in certain areas. This article discusses the general issues of alternatives and then focuses on the development of new approaches to toxicity testing.

Food and drug administration guidelines for reproductive toxicity testing

1988 ◽  
Vol 2 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 291-293 ◽  
Author(s):  
Krishan L. Raheja ◽  
Alexander Jordan ◽  
Jean L. Fourcroy
Keyword(s):  
Drug Administration ◽  
Food And Drug Administration ◽  
Reproductive Toxicity ◽  
Toxicity Testing

scholarly journals Functional toxicology: tools to advance the future of toxicity testing

2014 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brandon D. Gaytán ◽  
Chris D. Vulpe
Keyword(s):  
Toxicity Testing ◽  
The Future

Urban Developments in Late Antique and Medieval Rome

2021 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Art Music ◽  
Medieval History ◽  
Late Antique ◽  
The Past ◽  
Creative Solutions ◽  
The Future ◽  
Alternative Approaches ◽  
Disciplinary Group

A narrative of decline punctuated by periods of renewal has long structured perceptions of Rome's late antique and medieval history. In their probing contributions to this volume, a multi-disciplinary group of scholars provides alternative approaches to understanding the period. Addressing developments in governance, ceremony, literature, art, music, clerical education and the city's very sense of its own identity, the essays examine how a variety of actors, from poets to popes, addressed the intermittent crises and shifting dynamics of these centuries with creative solutions that bolstered the city's resilience. Without denying that the past (both pre-Christian and Christian) always remained a powerful touchstone, the studies in this volume offer rich new insights into the myriad ways that Rome and Romans, between the fifth and the eleventh centuries, creatively assimilated the past in order to shape the future.

Organizing Situation Characteristics by Their Influences on Big Five States

2017 ◽  
pp. 329-342
Author(s):  
Anselma G. Hartley ◽  
Eranda Jayawickreme ◽  
William Fleeson
Keyword(s):  
Personality Traits ◽  
Big Five ◽  
Personality Psychology ◽  
The Future ◽  
Alternative Approaches ◽  
The Way

The purpose of this chapter is to argue that the way personality psychologists should study situations is to organize situation characteristics by the influence they have on Big Five states. An examination of situations by their influence on Big Five states builds on personality psychologists’ existing strengths, does not require a comprehensive consideration of all situations, and could inform about the mechanisms of the Big Five. We propose that researchers examine how the manifestation of personality traits varies from moment to moment, based on the situations the person encounters, and then organize successful properties according to the Big Five manifestations they bring out. In this chapter, we explore this logic, identify its assumptions, and compare it to alternative approaches. We are encouraged by the turn toward the study of situations as key to the future of personality psychology.

Proceedings of the Workshop on One-vs Two-Generation Reproductive Effects Studies

1988 ◽  
Vol 7 (7) ◽  
pp. 911-925 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elaine Z. Francis ◽  
Gary L. Kimmel
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Toxicity ◽  
Toxicity Testing ◽  
Critical Factor ◽  
Test Methods ◽  
Toxic Substances ◽  
Test Protocol ◽  
Reproductive Effects ◽  
Toxicity Potential ◽  
Adequate Evaluation ◽  
Reproductive Toxicants

The Workshop on One-vs Two-Generation Reproductive Effects Studies was held on October 21-22, 1987. It was organized by the USEPA's Office of Pesticides and Toxic Substances and Office of Research and Development and was supported by the Agency's Risk Assessment Forum. The purpose of the workshop was to address the central question: Is a single-generation reproductive effects study sufficient to assess the reproductive toxicity potential of chemicals that do not bioaccumulate? In response to this question, the panel of nine participants concluded that, by itself, a one-generation reproductive effects study is insufficient to identify all potential reproductive toxicants and that a two-generation study is needed for an adequate assessment. The panel did not support placing much importance on bioaccumulation as related to reproductive toxicity testing mainly because it is not the only critical factor that may account for effects in a second generation but not in the first. In studying broader issues, the panel accomplished several goals that hopefully may serve to direct future development in reproductive toxicity testing: (1) the purpose of a reproductive effects study was defined, (2) a minimal set of end points necessary for adequate evaluation of reproductive toxicity was determined, (3) some alternative reproductive effects test methods were recommended, (4) greater flexibility in choosing a test protocol on a case by case basis was encouraged, and (5) areas that need further research were identified.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document