Neglected Issues in the Decline of Africa’s Agriculture: Land Tenure, Land Distribution and R&D Constraints

1994 ◽  
pp. 217-247 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giovanni Andrea Cornia
Keyword(s):  
Land Tenure ◽  
Land Distribution ◽  
Agriculture Land

Agricultural Development in Taiwan under Japanese Colonial Rule

1964 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 555-570 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramon H. Myers ◽  
Adrienne Ching
Keyword(s):  
Income Distribution ◽  
Land Tenure ◽  
Political Institutions ◽  
Agricultural Development ◽  
Land Distribution ◽  
Tenure System ◽  
The Social ◽  
Japanese Colonial ◽  
Land Tenure System ◽  
Consumption Saving

Studies of Asian agriculture have argued that land-tenure systems have often retarded agricultural development, in that unequal land distribution and widespread tenancy have given peasants little power to resist landlord efforts to squeeze and rack-rent them. Because landlords have been disinclined to devote their wealth and energies to improving the land, agriculture has stagnated and peasants have became poorer. A conspicuous weakness in this argument is that it begs the question whether a land-tenure system of more or less equal holdings best promotes agricultural development. The land-tenure system influences income distribution in agriculture, but it is impossible to say how a given income distribution influences landlord consumption, saving, and investment decisions unless more is known about the social and political institutions of a given rural society.

scholarly journals British Land Policies in the Gold Coast and Her Relations with Asante

2020 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 163-181
Author(s):  
Samuel Adu-Gyamfi ◽  
Emmanuel Bempong ◽  
Henry Tettey Yartey ◽  
Benjamin Dompreh Darkwa
Keyword(s):  
Land Tenure ◽  
Focal Point ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Land Distribution ◽  
Cash Crops ◽  
Tenure System ◽  
The People ◽  
Land Tenure System ◽  
Laws And Policies ◽  
Land Policies

AbstractColonization successfully advanced various reforms in Africa that affected several practices on the continent. The various customs that have been affected include the land tenure system of British colonies in particular. An abundance of laws and policies were adopted with the sole aim of conserving the environment. These policies often clashed with indigenous interests and witnessed counter attacks as a result. Despite this, there is little information in the literature concerning how British land policies shaped their relations with the indigenous people, particularly the Asante. Based on a qualitative research approach, the current study uses Asante as a focal point of discourse in order to historically trace British land policies and how they, the British engaged with the people of Asante. From the discourse, it should be established that the colonial administration passed ordinances to mobilize revenue and not necessarily for the protection of the environment. In addition, the findings indicated that the boom in cash crops, such as cocoa and rubber, prompted Britain to reform the land tenure system. With the land policies, individuals and private organizations could acquire lands from local authorities for the cultivation of cash crops. We conclude that the quest to control land distribution caused the British to further annex Asante.

scholarly journals The Politics of Land Law: Poverty and Land Legislation in Bangladesh

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
S M Masum Billah
Keyword(s):  
Land Tenure ◽  
Land Reform ◽  
Law Reform ◽  
Land Law ◽  
Post Colonial ◽  
Land Distribution ◽  
Land System ◽  
Land Tenure System ◽  
Historical Developments ◽  
Reform Model

<p>This thesis examines the major colonial and post-colonial land laws of Bangladesh and their relationship with poverty. It interprets them in the light of historical developments and social realities. The thesis argues that land laws in Bangladesh are essentially anti-poor. They contribute to the perpetuation of poverty.  At present, two-thirds of the poor in Bangladesh are land-related poor. The land system that prevailed in colonial Bengal during the British period deprived the peasants of their land rights. This situation demanded a radical land reform based on a distributive approach upon decolonisation in 1947. Unfortunately, in the post-colonial political and legal settings of Bangladesh, land distribution has been unequal. Such inequality coupled with a weak land tenure system and fragile institutional reform created widespread poverty.  The Bangladeshi land laws are complex and vague and dominated by politics. Its land law regime has structural loopholes and ideological drawbacks, which are enough to make reform attempts dysfunctional.  Poverty in Bangladesh is a result of cumulative and mutually reinforcing deprivations. Land law is a major participant in it. Poverty will persist unless law addresses the true reasons of the poverty and a pro-poor approach to land reform is pursued.  The gap between “law” and “land” is exposed and a distributive land law reform model is proposed.</p>

scholarly journals The Politics of Land Law: Poverty and Land Legislation in Bangladesh

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
S M Masum Billah
Keyword(s):  
Land Tenure ◽  
Land Reform ◽  
Law Reform ◽  
Land Law ◽  
Post Colonial ◽  
Land Distribution ◽  
Land System ◽  
Land Tenure System ◽  
Historical Developments ◽  
Reform Model

<p>This thesis examines the major colonial and post-colonial land laws of Bangladesh and their relationship with poverty. It interprets them in the light of historical developments and social realities. The thesis argues that land laws in Bangladesh are essentially anti-poor. They contribute to the perpetuation of poverty.  At present, two-thirds of the poor in Bangladesh are land-related poor. The land system that prevailed in colonial Bengal during the British period deprived the peasants of their land rights. This situation demanded a radical land reform based on a distributive approach upon decolonisation in 1947. Unfortunately, in the post-colonial political and legal settings of Bangladesh, land distribution has been unequal. Such inequality coupled with a weak land tenure system and fragile institutional reform created widespread poverty.  The Bangladeshi land laws are complex and vague and dominated by politics. Its land law regime has structural loopholes and ideological drawbacks, which are enough to make reform attempts dysfunctional.  Poverty in Bangladesh is a result of cumulative and mutually reinforcing deprivations. Land law is a major participant in it. Poverty will persist unless law addresses the true reasons of the poverty and a pro-poor approach to land reform is pursued.  The gap between “law” and “land” is exposed and a distributive land law reform model is proposed.</p>

Colombia

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donny Meertens
Keyword(s):  
Land Tenure ◽  
Local Governance ◽  
Land Rights ◽  
Social Rights ◽  
Land Distribution ◽  
Post Conflict ◽  
History Of ◽  
Successes And Challenges ◽  
Land Restitution

Using Colombia as a case study, this chapter focuses on women and land rights in post-conflict societies. It begins with a brief history of land rights for women in Colombia both before and during the conflict and explores the roots of Colombia’s protracted armed conflict in unequal land distribution policies and peasant exploitation. The chapter describes challenges associated with land restitution in Colombia through an examination of the successes and challenges of the Victims and Land Restitution Law. It focuses on gendered obstacles related to security and local governance, the general informality in land tenure, and patriarchal practices and culture in rural society. The chapter closes with a call for an increased focus on women’s economic and social rights in transitional societies and articulates a vision of restitution laws as having the potential for transformative, forward-looking change.

Land Distribution and Tenure in Colombia

1961 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 281-290
Author(s):  
Robert Caryle Beyer
Keyword(s):  
World Bank ◽  
Land Tenure ◽  
Land Reform ◽  
Agrarian Reform ◽  
Land Distribution ◽  
Fidel Castro ◽  
The World Bank ◽  
The World ◽  
Made In

Before Fidel Castro entered Habana, one heard very little about land reform as the number one problem of Cuba. In 1950, the World Bank in its prodigious 1051-page study of the Cuban economy gave only four pages to the problem of land distribution and land tenure, and among the hundreds of recommendations made in this report, those that referred to agrarian reform were very few, general, and cautious.

scholarly journals Da Lei de Terras a contemporaneidade: A legislação e a construção da questão agrária atual / The Land Law in contemporary society: Legislation and the construction of the current agrarian question

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Edir Vilmar Henig ◽  
Irenilda Ângela Dos Santos ◽  
José Manuel Mendes
Keyword(s):  
Social Inequality ◽  
Land Tenure ◽  
The Other ◽  
Contemporary Society ◽  
Land Law ◽  
Land Distribution ◽  
Agrarian Question ◽  
Private Interests ◽  
Object Of Study ◽  
Historical Periods

ABSTRACTThis work aims to discuss the main laws governing the Brazilian land tenure and also the ways in which these laws interfere in the current situation of the Brazilian agrarian question. We begin the discussion with the promulgation of the 1850 Land Law, and we enter the other historical periods of the country always having the Agrarian Question our object of study. The goal is to bring light to contemporary social problems, but were socially and historically constructed. This debate and reasoned literature, documentary and research in official agencies. From this discussion, we hypothesized that the land distribution is responsible, in part, by social inequality historically built in Brazil, and that private interests always stood out to collective interests.RESUMOEste trabalho tem por objetivo debater as principais legislações que regem a situação fundiária brasileira e também as formas como estas legislações interfere na atual situação da questão agrária brasileira. Iniciamos a discussão com a promulgação da Lei de Terras de 1850, e adentramos os demais períodos históricos do país sempre tendo na Questão Agrária nosso objeto de estudo. O objetivo é trazer luz a problemas sociais contemporâneos, mas que foram social e historicamente construídos. Tal debate e fundamentado por levantamento bibliográfico, documental e pesquisa em órgãos oficiais. A partir deste debate, temos como hipótese que a distribuição fundiária é responsável, em partes, pela desigualdade social historicamente construída no Brasil, e que os interesses particulares sempre sobressaíram aos interesses coletivos.

scholarly journals A regularização fundiária urbana na Amazônia Legal

2009 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 73
Author(s):  
Denise De Campos Gouvêa ◽  
Paulo Coelho Ávila ◽  
Sandra Bernardes Ribeiro
Keyword(s):  
Urban Development ◽  
Federal Government ◽  
Land Tenure ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Sustainable Urban Development ◽  
Rural Settlements ◽  
Federal Law ◽  
Land Distribution ◽  
Federal Land ◽  
Amazonian Region

Este artigo examina como a ocupação irregular de terras na Região Amazônica gerou conflitos que exigiram uma nova lei federal para a resolução do problema. Durante a década de 1970, o governo federal, para estimular a ocupação da região, desenvolveu programas para a fixação de colonos e empresas em terras da União, sob a coordenação do Instituto Nacional de Colonização e Reforma Agrária – Incra. No entanto, a falta de processos rigorosos de distribuição de terras e o descuido sobre o uso e a ocupação do solo permitiram a formação e o crescimento de cidades em muitos assentamentos rurais. Tal fato resultou em cidades onde a irregularidade fundiária afeta milhares de moradias em toda a região. Para resolver a situação, o governo federal editou em 2009 a Lei 11.952, que estabelece condições específicas e regras para a destinação das terras da União aos municípios de modo a promoverem a regularização fundiária e o desenvolvimento sustentável das cidades. Palavras-chave: regularização fundiária; região amazônica; urbanização; desenvolvimento urbano; insegurança da posse. Abstract: This article reviews how the irregular occupation of land in the Amazon region generated conflicts that claimed for a federal law for a resolution. In the 1970's, to stimulate occupation of the region, the federal government developed programs to give away public land to settlers and firms willing to explore the region, under the coordination of INCRA, the national government agency for agrarian reform. However, lack of a rigorous process of land distribution and oversight of land use allowed the formation and growth of cities in several rural settlements. This resulted in many urban areas where insecure land tenure affects thousands of housing and public buildings overall in the region. To resolve this situation, the federal government edited the Federal Law 11,952 in 2009, establishing the specific conditions and regulations to transfer federal land to the municipalities in order to regularize land ownership and promote sustainable urban development. Keywords: land regularization; amazonian region; urbanization; urban development; insecure land tenure.

Unwritten Rule

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alice Beban
Keyword(s):  
Land Tenure ◽  
Land Reform ◽  
Formal Property ◽  
Rural People ◽  
Land Distribution ◽  
Western Development ◽  
Develop Land ◽  
Local Officials ◽  
The Government ◽  
Unwritten Rule

In 2012, Cambodia — an epicenter of violent land grabbing — announced a bold new initiative to develop land redistribution efforts inside agribusiness concessions. This book focuses on this land reform to understand the larger nature of democracy in Cambodia. The book contends that the national land-titling program, the so-called leopard skin land reform, was first and foremost a political campaign orchestrated by the world's longest-serving prime minister, Hun Sen. The reform aimed to secure the loyalty of rural voters, produce “modern” farmers, and wrest control over land distribution from local officials. Through ambiguous legal directives and unwritten rules guiding the allocation of land, the government fostered uncertainty and fear within local communities. The book gives pause both to celebratory claims that land reform will enable land tenure security, and to critical claims that land reform will enmesh rural people more tightly in state bureaucracies and create a fiscally legible landscape. Instead, the book argues that the extension of formal property rights strengthened the very patronage-based politics that Western development agencies hope to subvert.

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