»Taxes, Social Insurance, and Income Distribution

Economics ◽  
2006 ◽  
pp. 493-518
Author(s):  
Paul Krugman ◽  
Robin Wells
Keyword(s):  
Income Distribution ◽  
Social Insurance

scholarly journals Bracket Creep Revisited – with and without r > g: Evidence from Germany

2016 ◽  
pp. 106
Author(s):  
Junyi Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Income Distribution ◽  
Income Tax ◽  
Social Insurance ◽  
Inflation Rate ◽  
Household Finance ◽  
Capital Income ◽  
Social Insurance Contribution ◽  
Micro Simulation ◽  
Redistributive Effect ◽  
Insurance Contribution

Using German income distribution in 2009, this article studies the redistributive and revenue effects of bracket creep under various inflation scenarios. We develop a tax micro-simulation model for the newly available Panel on Household Finance (PHF) data. The simulation yields an inverted U-shaped overall redistributive effect of the income tax and social insurance contribution system with respect to the inflation rate, which contrasts with Immervoll (2005), who finds that fiscal drag always enhances the equalising effect. The nominal income growth as well as the deterioration of tax progression at the middle and top of the income distribution between 1998 and 2009 can be the impetus for this change. This result implies that delaying adjustment might reduce redistribution. We also suggest that these results might not be restricted solely to Germany. Additionally, when we introduce the empirical evidence that capital income grows faster than non-capital income r > g, the dual tax system with a flat capital income tax implemented in 2009 further disequalises the after-tax income substantially. Allowing inflation compensation to lean towards the poor by boosting their share of capital income may not be favourable to redistribution.

scholarly journals Top 1 Percent Income Shares: Comparing Estimates Using Tax Data

2019 ◽  
Vol 109 ◽  
pp. 307-311
Author(s):  
Gerald Auten ◽  
David Splinter
Keyword(s):  
Income Distribution ◽  
Social Insurance ◽  
Tax Reforms ◽  
Marriage Rates ◽  
Congressional Budget Office ◽  
Tax Returns ◽  
The U.S ◽  
Employer Benefits

Many studies have used tax data to measure the U.S. income distribution, but their results vary widely. For example, in 2014 the top 1 percent share of income is 21.5 percent in Piketty and Saez (2003 and updates), 16.7 percent in the Congressional Budget Office (2018), and 13.1 percent in our analysis. What accounts for such large differences? We provide a step-by-step analysis of how methodological differences affect the results and address issues raised in Piketty, Saez, and Zucman (2018, 2019). Important differences include accounting for declining marriage rates, including social insurance and employer benefits, accounting for tax reforms, and including income missing from tax returns.

Tax and Welfare Reform in Greece1

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Flevotomou ◽  
Michael Haliassos ◽  
Christos Kotsogiannis ◽  
Costas Meghir
Keyword(s):  
Income Distribution ◽  
Welfare Reform ◽  
Policy Making ◽  
Social Insurance ◽  
Welfare Benefit ◽  
Advanced Economy ◽  
Tax System ◽  
Standard Tool ◽  
Benefit System

A well-designed tax and welfare benefit system, which minimizes distortions while raising the required revenue and providing suitable social insurance, is a key component of an advanced economy. This chapter describes the current Greek tax system and proposes three simpler alternatives, which perform well in their implied incentives, are budget neutral, and achieve better social insurance and redistribution. It provides static simulations of these systems, demonstrating the resulting income distribution, and discusses the implied incentives. It also emphasizes the importance of evaluating such systems with actual microeconomic data, a process that should be a standard tool of policy making.

The State’s Role in Ensuring Fair Income Distribution in Vietnam Today: Some Issues from the Theory of Justice as Fairness by John Rawls

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 181-195
Keyword(s):  
Income Distribution ◽  
Economic Efficiency ◽  
John Rawls ◽  
Social Stability ◽  
Social Equality ◽  
Justice As Fairness ◽  
Theory Of Justice ◽  
Analysis And Synthesis ◽  
Economic Philosophy ◽  
The Relationship

Fairness in income distribution is a factor that both motivates employees and contributes to maintaining social stability. In Vietnam, fair income distribution has been studied from various perspectives. In this article, through the analysis and synthesis of related documents and evidence, and from the perspective of economic philosophy, the author applies John Rawls’s Theory of Justice as Fairness to analyze some issues arising from the implementation of the state’s role in ensuring fair income distribution from 1986 to present. These are unifying the perception of fairness in income distribution; solving the relationship between economic efficiency and social equality; ensuring benefits for the least-privileged people in society; and controlling income. On that basis, the author makes some recommendations to enhance the state’s role in ensuring fair income distribution in Vietnam. Received 11thNovember 2019; Revised 10thApril 2020; Accepted 20th April 2020

Inequality and the Safety Net Throughout the Income Distribution, 1929-1940

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
James Feigenbaum ◽  
Price Fishback ◽  
Keoka Grayson
Keyword(s):  
Income Distribution ◽  
Safety Net

Expanding Social Insurance Coverage to Informal Workers

10.1596/27932 ◽  
2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hernan Winkler ◽  
Elizabeth Ruppert Bulmer ◽  
Hilma Mote
Keyword(s):  
Social Insurance ◽  
Insurance Coverage ◽  
Informal Workers
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