Conservation Agriculture: A Different Approach for Crop Production Through Sustainable Soil and Water Management: A Review

2009 ◽  
pp. 55-83 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabio Stagnari ◽  
Solange Ramazzotti ◽  
Michele Pisante
Keyword(s):  
Water Management ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Conservation Agriculture ◽  
Soil And Water

Crop production and soil water management in conservation agriculture, no-till, and conventional tillage systems in Malawi

2015 ◽  
Vol 212 ◽  
pp. 285-296 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dan TerAvest ◽  
Lynne Carpenter-Boggs ◽  
Christian Thierfelder ◽  
John P. Reganold
Keyword(s):  
Water Management ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Conservation Agriculture ◽  
Conventional Tillage ◽  
Tillage Systems ◽  
No Till

scholarly journals Impact of Soil and Water Conservation Practices in Central North Plateau Zone of Odisha

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 150-155 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suvashree Prusty ◽  
Sarba Mishra ◽  
Sudhakar Tripathy
Keyword(s):  
Water Conservation ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Conservation Agriculture ◽  
Conventional Tillage ◽  
Soil And Water Conservation ◽  
Conservation Practices ◽  
Traditional Practice ◽  
Minimum Tillage ◽  
Farmer’S Perception ◽  
Soil And Water

The Present Study Was Undertaken In Two Villages Tentuli And Talachampei Of Keonjhar District Of Odisha Which Come Under The Central North Plateau Zone. This Zone Is Characterized By Hilly Upland Area With Reduced Moisture Holding Capacity. There forean Attempt Has Been Made To study The Various Soil And Water Conservation Practices On Cost And Return Of Crop Production,To Identify Factors Affecting Yield Of Crops With Different Treatments And To Study The Farmer’s Perception Of Conservation Agriculture Production System. For This Study 18 Marginal And 2 Small Farmers Were Selected By Employing Multistage Stratified Random Sampling Method. Five Different Trials Or Treatments Namely T1 (Traditional Practice), T2 (Conventional Tillage With HYV Maize), T3 (Conventional Tillage With Maize-Cowpea Intercropping), T4 (Minimum Tillage With Maize As Sole Crop), T5 (Minimum Tillage With Maize Cowpea Intercropping) Were Conducted In The Field. It Was Observed That T5 Gave Highest Net Return (Rs.57352.41/Ha) Followed By T2(Rs.54426.71/Ha), T3 (Rs.47376.12/Ha), T1 (Rs.46376.09/Ha). The Lowest Income Of Rs.14359.9/Ha Was Observed In Case Of T1. Fertilizer With Minimum Tillage And Intercropping Influenced Gross Income Positively And Significantly Throughsoil And Water Conservation Practice. High Yielding Variety And Line Sowing Were Two Most Influencing Factorson Crop Production. Most Profitable Treatment According To Farmer’s Perception Was T5. Lack Of Irrigation Facilities Was Important Constraint In Cultivation Practices. Farmers Should Be Trained For Adoption Of Soil And Water Conservation Practices Like Minimum Tillage, Residue Mulching, Inter-Cropping, Crop Rotation, Line Sowing And Use Of HYV Seeds For Sustainable Crop Production.

scholarly journals Prioritization of Sub-Watersheds to Sediment Yield and Evaluation of Best Management Practices in Highland Ethiopia, Finchaa Catchment

Land ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 650
Author(s):  
Wakjira Takala Dibaba ◽  
Tamene Adugna Demissie ◽  
Konrad Miegel
Keyword(s):  
Soil Erosion ◽  
Best Management Practices ◽  
Sediment Yield ◽  
Soil Loss ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Swat Model ◽  
Sediment Yields ◽  
Soil And Water

Excessive soil loss and sediment yield in the highlands of Ethiopia are the primary factors that accelerate the decline of land productivity, water resources, operation and function of existing water infrastructure, as well as soil and water management practices. This study was conducted at Finchaa catchment in the Upper Blue Nile basin of Ethiopia to estimate the rate of soil erosion and sediment loss and prioritize the most sensitive sub-watersheds using the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model. The SWAT model was calibrated and validated using the observed streamflow and sediment data. The average annual sediment yield (SY) in Finchaa catchment for the period 1990–2015 was 36.47 ton ha−1 yr−1 with the annual yield varying from negligible to about 107.2 ton ha−1 yr−1. Five sub-basins which account for about 24.83% of the area were predicted to suffer severely from soil erosion risks, with SY in excess of 50 ton ha−1 yr−1. Only 15.05% of the area within the tolerable rate of loss (below 11 ton ha−1yr−1) was considered as the least prioritized areas for maintenance of crop production. Despite the reasonable reduction of sediment yields by the management scenarios, the reduction by contour farming, slope terracing, zero free grazing and reforestation were still above the tolerable soil loss. Vegetative contour strips and soil bund were significant in reducing SY below the tolerable soil loss, which is equivalent to 63.9% and 64.8% reduction, respectively. In general, effective and sustainable soil erosion management requires not only prioritizations of the erosion hotspots but also prioritizations of the most effective management practices. We believe that the results provided new and updated insights that enable a proactive approach to preserve the soil and reduce land degradation risks that could allow resource regeneration.

scholarly journals SOIL AND WATER MANAGEMENT PROGRAM IN MICRO-BASINS: A STUDY ON THE ENVIRONMENTAL, SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC ASPECTS

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (83) ◽  
pp. 104-117
Author(s):  
Sergio Luis Dias Doliveira ◽  
Mauricio João Atamanczuk ◽  
Simone Soares ◽  
Luciane Silva Franco ◽  
Hebron Mateus Freire Sanways ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Management ◽  
Essential Role ◽  
Management Program ◽  
Productive Capacity ◽  
Economic Aspects ◽  
Rural Producers ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The Town ◽  
Soil And Water

The paper seeks to investigate the environmental, social and economic impacts of the Soil and Water Management Program in Micro-basins in Paraná for farm producers participating in the program in the town of Irati/PR and region. The agency affirms that the initiative aims to generate a better quality of life for the residents near the micro-basins, as well as to help in the agricultural productive capacity of the region. The paper’s results showed that 85% of the producers believe that the program not only fulfilled what it proposed but also entailed several positive points and significant changes in the relationship between rural producers and the work in the field. Thus, the program assumes an essential role in its condition of public policy, generating income, social welfare, and environmental protection in the Irati/PR region.

scholarly journals Advances in soil conservation research: challenges for the future

2014 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ildefons Pla
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Protection ◽  
Water Conservation ◽  
Soil Conservation ◽  
Soil Degradation ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
C Sequestration ◽  
Soil And Water Conservation ◽  
Water Degradation ◽  
Empirical Approaches ◽  
Soil And Water

Increased human influences on soils frequently result in widespread land and soil degradation. The processes of soil and water degradation are closely linked, as unfavourable changes in the hydrological processes affect soil water regimes. In the last 15-20 years there has been increased interest in human-induced climate change, associated with increased atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse gases. Most of the present and future problems of land and soil degradation, water supply and natural disasters are mainly attributed to these climate changes. At the same time, and probably related to it, there has been a change in the focus of research on soil and water conservation. From the late 1960s there was an increasing interest in stimulating studies related to soil and water conservation. This was a great change from the previous emphasis on more static studies of the characteristics of the soil resource, mainly for soil classification and mapping, and for land evaluation related to agricultural and other uses. This situation was due to the increasing evidence of the global problems of land, soil and water degradation, and their effects on food production and the environment. Particular attention was paid to the processes of soil and water degradation in relation to their use and management for agricultural purposes. These efforts led to the development of models and evaluation systems mainly using empirical approaches. Later studies demonstrated the limitations of the generalized universal use of these empirical approaches. Concurrently there was an increase in related organizations, conventions, congresses and conferences associated with the renewed interest on soil and water conservation. A global assessment of human-induced soil degradation (GLASOD) demonstrated the paucity, difficult accessibility and poor quality of basic information. This information, however, is essential for adequate planning and effective application of practices to prevent soil and water degradation. The most recent conventions and programs at international and regional levels are generally based on re-interpretations, and a different processing method or representation of old information using “new” terminology. In other cases, new information has been mostly generated through indirect or remote sensing deductions, usually without adequate ground-truthing. The decreasing public or private support for more integrated interdisciplinary studies and the compulsion to quickly publish papers has resulted in a very specialized and isolated consideration of different aspects related to the degradation of soil functions. This frequently results in over-simplifications, failures and even contradictions in the proposed strategies to control soil degradation. Currently we have reached quasi-stagnation in soil conservation research and a new series of soil conservation terms (soil quality, desertification, tillage erosion) and clichés (“C sequestration”, “no-tillage”) have been introduced. These are derived from different interests, but generally they are very empirical approaches without a strong scientific basis. However, they attract increased attention from organizations setting policies and providing funds for research in soil and water conservation, and as a consequence many research activities in the last 20 years have been concentrated in such topics. Regretfully, these approaches have very limited accuracy and are insufficient for developing adequate policies for land use and management. Climate, soil and socio-economic conditions differ greatly from one location to another and are changing continuously. There cannot therefore be simple universal prescriptions regarding practices of sustainable soil management for crop production and environmental protection or for mitigation of the greenhouse effect by “C sequestration” in soils. The adequate selection of those sustainable practices must be based on research with a broader vision of soil conservation, where all the system components and their interactions are considered and understood with a far-sighted approach, to ensure that short term gains in one aspect or location do not induce long-term losses in other aspects or elsewhere. Research needs to be directed to better the understanding of the processes and reactions in soils related to chemical recycling and water balance over a range of spatial and temporal scales, with the common objective of improving crop production and environmental protection. Lasting solutions will only be found if adequately trained researchers in soil science and hydrology, who recognize the complexity of the problems, develop appropriate strategies.

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