HIV/AIDS and Persons with Disabilities

We used a community-based participatory research (CBPR) framework to conduct a needs assessment of the availability and quality of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) services for persons with intellectual and developmental disabilities (PWIDD) in the Atlanta metropolitan area. We present the findings of a three-phase research project. Findings from the research informs organizations and policymakers on how to provide persons with disabilities better access to HIV/AIDS care. Ethn Dis. 2019;29(Suppl 2):435-440; doi:10.18865/ed.29.S2.435

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Perceptions of factors associated with condom use to prevent HIV/AIDS among persons with physical disability in an urban town of Cameroon: a qualitative study

Journal of Public Health in Africa ◽

10.4081/jphia.2015.491 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 6 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Elvis E. Tarkang ◽

Awolu Adam ◽

Maragret Kweku

Keyword(s):

Qualitative Study ◽

Condom Use ◽

Physical Disability ◽

Health Belief ◽

Persons With Disabilities ◽

Factors Associated ◽

Condom Negotiation ◽

Belief Model ◽

Not At Risk ◽

Hiv Aids

Persons with disabilities have been identified as one of the groups vulnerable to HIV, due to several challenges posed by their disabilities. They also suffer external stigma from their able bodied peers. However, they have largely been ignored as part of HIV prevention programs, largely due to the perceptions that they are not at risk, and information is not being accessible. About 5.4% of the Cameroon population lives with a disability. In Cameroon, no official statistics exist on perception of factors associated with condom use to prevent HIV among persons with disabilities, which creates a challenge for understanding the extent of the pandemic in this population. The objective of this study was therefore to investigate perceptions of factors associated with condom use among persons with physical disability in an urban town of Cameroon. The qualitative study from which this paper is based, used semi-structured in-depth interviews, conducted with a purposive sample of ten (5 male and 5 female) persons with physical disability, aged 18 years and above, in April 2015. The findings of this study as interpreted according to the components of the Health Belief Model, indicated that perceived susceptibility to HIV, perceived severity of HIV, perceived benefit of condom use, perceived barriers to condom use and perceived self-efficacy for condom use were the factors perceived by persons with physical disability, to be associated with condom use. It is therefore recommended that there should be educational programs in HIV/AIDS targeted specifically at persons with physical disability. These programs should pertinently promote the understanding and perceptions of persons with physical disability of the real threat of HIV/AIDS, and also equip them with condom negotiation skills and strategies to overcome barriers to condom use.

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Promoting the Right to Healthcare Services for HIV-positive Persons with Disabilities in Malawi: Incorporating Disability into HIV Programming

Journal of Law Society and Development ◽

10.25159/2520-9515/7081 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 5 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Serges Kamga

Keyword(s):

Healthcare Services ◽

Hiv Positive ◽

Hiv Education ◽

African Countries ◽

Persons With Disabilities ◽

Aids Pandemic ◽

Laws And Policies ◽

The Right ◽

Sexual And Reproductive Rights ◽

Hiv Aids

African countries at the epicentre of the HIV/AIDS pandemic have been working hard to confront the scourge. Malawi is one of the continent’s most affected countries and has been attempting to remedy the situation by providing healthcare services, promoting sexual and reproductive rights, and putting in place numerous HIV-programming initiatives such as HIV education, prevention, care and treatment. However, persons with disabilities have not been included in this initiative in spite of their vulnerability to the disease and their high rates of exposure to HIV risk factors. Their exclusion from HIV/AIDS programming is a product of the incorrect perception that they are asexual or are not vulnerable to the illness. As a result, the mainstreaming of people with a disability into HIV/AIDS programming has not been taking place. Such mainstreaming should take the form of the reasonable accommodation and adoption of universal design measures which ensure that persons with disabilities enjoy the right to health on an equal basis with others. This article seeks to close this gap in Malawi by calling for the inclusion of disability in HIV programming. To this end, and on the basis of desktop research, it examines the laws and policies that assess the extent to which persons with disabilities are able to participate in the response to HIV. It also considers whether they have access to HIV services that are both customised to their diverse needs and equal to the services available to others in society. The author finds that the failure to mainstream disability into HIV programming is a serious problem that will hinder the fight against the pandemic in Malawi.

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The Attitudes of Nurses in the Hospital toward Vulnerable People

Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences ◽

10.3889/oamjms.2021.6372 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (G) ◽

pp. 57-65

Author(s):

Sri Mulyani ◽

Patricia Suti Lasmani ◽

Azam David Saifullah ◽

Afifah Fawadya ◽

Aisyah Iffah ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Statistical Tests ◽

Demographic Data ◽

Attitude Scale ◽

Vulnerable Groups ◽

P Value ◽

Persons With Disabilities ◽

Knowledge Questionnaire ◽

People With Dementia ◽

Vulnerable People ◽

Hiv Aids

Background: Vulnerable people are at higher risk for ill health and often experience discrimination in health services. Persons with disabilities, People with Dementia (PWD), and People with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) are some groups of people with vulnerabilities who often need hospital care. Nurses are the largest group of health personnel and frequently meet with these patients so that the attitude of nurses can have a consequence on the quality of health care. Research Objectives: To identify nurses' attitudes towards vulnerable people and factors related to their attitudes. Methods: This quantitative research used a cross-sectional design. The research subjects were 386 nurses in the main public Dr. Sardjito hospital selected using a convenience sampling technique. Data were collected in January-February 2021 with a Google Form. Researchers used a demographic data questionnaire, an attitude questionnaire (Attitude Toward Disabled Person Scale Form O, Dementia Attitude Scale, and AIDS Attitude Scale), and a knowledge questionnaire (Self-Administered Questionnaire about Knowledge), Dementia Knowledge Assessment Scale, and HIV-Knowledge Questionnaire-18). Data were analyzed using non-parametric statistical tests, specifically the Spearman rank, Mann-Whitney, and Kruskal-Wallis tests. Results: The score of nurses' attitudes towards persons with disabilities was 54.00 out of 120; the score of nurses' attitudes to PWD was 102.00 out of 140; and the score of nurses' attitudes toward PLWHA was -0.65 out of +5. Knowledge, history of interaction, and experience in caring have a significant effect on nurses' attitudes towards vulnerable people (p value <0.05). The education level only affects the attitudes of nurses towards persons with disabilities (p value = 0.042). Family history only affects nurses' attitudes to PWD (p value = 0.013). Age and special education/training only affect the attitudes of nurses on PWD and PLWHA (p value <0.05). Conclusion: Nurses tend to present positive attitudes toward PWD, but nurses are inclined to show negative attitudes against people with disabilities and PLWHA. Knowledge, caring experience, and interaction are confirmed to have an effect on nurses' attitudes with the result that programs to increase knowledge and experience of nurses towards vulnerable groups are recommended for this group. Keywords: Attitude, Dementia, Disability, HIV/AIDS, Knowledge, Nurse.

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Vulnerability for Households with Persons with Disabilities and HIV/AIDS in Chongwe, Zambia

PsycEXTRA Dataset ◽

10.1037/e537652012-001 ◽

2010 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Kathryn Fleming ◽

Nora Ellen Groce ◽

Jonas Ngulube ◽

Jerome Mindes ◽

Jessica Kiessel

Keyword(s):

Persons With Disabilities ◽

Hiv Aids

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Counselling and Innovative Literacy Approaches as Strategies for Preventing STDS and HIV/AIDS Incidence among Persons with Disabilities

Journal of Human Ecology ◽

10.1080/09709274.2007.11906009 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 22 (2) ◽

pp. 115-121

Author(s):

Okediran Abiodun ◽

Hammodu Abdullahi Danesy ◽

M. Gbenga Olujide

Keyword(s):

Persons With Disabilities ◽

Hiv Aids

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Pediatric HIV/AIDS: Issues and Strategies for Intervention

ASHA Leader ◽

10.1044/leader.ftr2.07042002.10 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 7 (4) ◽

pp. 10-21 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Elise Davis-McFarland

Keyword(s):

Pediatric Hiv ◽

Hiv Aids

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Shared Responsibilities for Full Participation in Society: Planning Further Integration of the ICF Into AAC

Perspectives of the ASHA Special Interest Groups ◽

10.1044/persp1.sig12.83 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 1 (12) ◽

pp. 83-93 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Mary Blake Huer ◽

Travis T. Threats

Keyword(s):

Environmental Factors ◽

Augmentative And Alternative Communication ◽

Functional Limitations ◽

Community Support ◽

World Health ◽

International Classification Of Functioning ◽

Personal Factors ◽

Social Service Agencies ◽

Persons With Disabilities ◽

Full Participation

The World Health Organization's (WHO's) 2001 International Classification of Functioning Disability and Health (ICF) has as one of its central tenets the full inclusion of persons with disabilities in society. It acknowledges the need for medical and rehabilitation intervention in its biopscychosocial framework. However, the WHO realizes that society must do its part to facilitate this full participation and empowerment. Persons with complex communication needs (PWCCN) often need augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) in order to express themselves. However, in order to access and successfully use AAC, PWCCN need access to the necessary AAC devices and services, as well as a willing society to interact with them as full contributing members of society. The factors outside of a person's specific physical and/or cognitive functional limitations are addressed in the ICF via the Personal and Environmental Factors. Personal Factors include the individual's personality traits, lifestyle, experiences, social/educational/professional background, race, gender, and age. Environmental Factors include community support systems, social service agencies, governments, social networks, and those persons that interact with the PWCCN. This article addresses the sociopolitical influences on PWCCN and their functioning from a human rights perspective. The necessary introspective role of speech-language pathologists in this process is explored.

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