Model-Based Interactive TV: Scene Capture and Transmission Density Distribution Functions for Bandwidth Reduction

2001 ◽  
pp. 229-271 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. G. Serrano ◽  
H. Sue ◽  
A. L. Thomas ◽  
H. Wei
Keyword(s):  
Density Distribution ◽  
Distribution Functions ◽  
Interactive Tv ◽  
Bandwidth Reduction ◽  
Model Based

scholarly journals Improving probabilistic flood forecasting through a data assimilation scheme based on genetic programming

2012 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 3719-3732 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Mediero ◽  
L. Garrote ◽  
A. Chavez-Jimenez
Keyword(s):  
Data Assimilation ◽  
Genetic Programming ◽  
Real Time ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Forecast Model ◽  
Flood Forecasting ◽  
Distribution Functions ◽  
Model Parameters ◽  
Hydrological Process ◽  
Model Based

Abstract. Opportunities offered by high performance computing provide a significant degree of promise in the enhancement of the performance of real-time flood forecasting systems. In this paper, a real-time framework for probabilistic flood forecasting through data assimilation is presented. The distributed rainfall-runoff real-time interactive basin simulator (RIBS) model is selected to simulate the hydrological process in the basin. Although the RIBS model is deterministic, it is run in a probabilistic way through the results of calibration developed in a previous work performed by the authors that identifies the probability distribution functions that best characterise the most relevant model parameters. Adaptive techniques improve the result of flood forecasts because the model can be adapted to observations in real time as new information is available. The new adaptive forecast model based on genetic programming as a data assimilation technique is compared with the previously developed flood forecast model based on the calibration results. Both models are probabilistic as they generate an ensemble of hydrographs, taking the different uncertainties inherent in any forecast process into account. The Manzanares River basin was selected as a case study, with the process being computationally intensive as it requires simulation of many replicas of the ensemble in real time.

Comparison of Stochastic Estimates of Capacity and Critical Density for U.S. and German Freeways

2019 ◽  
Vol 2673 (8) ◽  
pp. 388-396 ◽  
Author(s):  
Justin Geistefeldt ◽  
Siavash Shojaat
Keyword(s):  
Density Distribution ◽  
Critical Density ◽  
Distribution Functions ◽  
Traffic Density ◽  
Density Distributions ◽  
Stochastic Capacity ◽  
Freeway Capacity ◽  
Models Comparison ◽  
Freeway Bottleneck

The randomness of freeway capacity has been analyzed in a large number of studies. In contrast, relatively little attention has been paid to the critical density at capacity and its relationship to breakdown occurrence, although density is used as a quality of service criterion for freeways. In the paper, distributions of freeway capacity and critical density are estimated and compared based on traffic data samples from 38 freeway bottleneck sections in the U.S. and Germany. It is shown that the well-established methods for stochastic capacity analysis can be applied to estimate critical density distributions by replacing volume with density in the corresponding mathematical models. Comparison of the estimated capacity and critical density distribution functions reveals that the relative variability of the capacity is lower than the variability of the critical density. This suggests that traffic volume is the more appropriate parameter to represent the trigger of traffic breakdowns than traffic density. The empirical results also show that the rather smooth traffic flow on U.S. freeways leads to a smaller variance of both the capacity and the critical density distribution compared with German freeways, whereas the average capacity per lane is roughly the same.

Plasma diagnostics by laser spectroscopic electric field measurement

2005 ◽  
Vol 77 (2) ◽  
pp. 345-358 ◽  
Author(s):  
U. Czarnetzki ◽  
D. Luggenhölscher ◽  
V. A. Kadetov ◽  
H. F. Döbele
Keyword(s):  
Electric Field ◽  
Density Distribution ◽  
Field Measurements ◽  
Distribution Functions ◽  
Plasma Parameters ◽  
Ion Density ◽  
Versatile Tool ◽  
Low Temperature Plasmas ◽  
Energy Distribution Functions ◽  
Laser Spectroscopic

Laser spectroscopic electric field measurements have the potential to become a versatile tool for the diagnostics of low-temperature plasmas. From the spatially and temporally resolved field distribution in the sheath close to electrodes or surfaces in general, a broad range of important plasma parameters can be inferred directly: electron temperature; ion density distribution; displacement-, ion-, electron-diffusion current density; and the sheath potential. Indirectly, the electron and ion energy distribution functions and information on the ion dynamics in the sheath can also be obtained. Finally, measurements in the quasi-neutral bulk can also reveal even the plasma density distribution with high spatial and temporal resolution. The basic concepts for analysis of the field data are introduced and demonstrated by examples in hydrogen discharges.

scholarly journals Estimating the Contribution of Groundwater to the Root Zone of Winter Wheat Using Root Density Distribution Functions

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 170075 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yonghua Zhu ◽  
Liliang Ren ◽  
Robert Horton ◽  
Haishen Lü ◽  
Zhenlong Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Density Distribution ◽  
Root Zone ◽  
Distribution Functions ◽  
Root Density

A probability criterion for correct indexing of powder diffraction diagrams on the basis of preferred orientation

1996 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 209-217 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. J. Bunge ◽  
N. J. Park
Keyword(s):  
Density Distribution ◽  
Powder Diffraction ◽  
Reciprocal Lattice ◽  
Distribution Functions ◽  
Measuring Technique ◽  
Pole Density ◽  
Sensitive Detector ◽  
Texture Measurement ◽  
Probability Criterion ◽  
Position Sensitive

Error quantities, defined earlier to estimate the accuracy of texture measurement, are used to define a probability criterion for correct indexing of powder diffraction diagrams. The criterion is based on the compatibility of pole density distribution functions of different (hkl) depending on the directions {θ,γ}(hkl) of the reciprocal lattice vectors r*(hkl). The criterion was applied to permutation of the indices and variation of the angles {θ,γ}(hkl) in the vicinity of the correct values. In fortunate case, these angles can be determined within a few degrees by minimizing the error quantities. The method works very well with strong textures but it is still applicable if only weak textures can be achieved. The method was tested with different crystal symmetries including cubic, hexagonal, orthorhombic, and monoclinic. It is concluded that the criterion can be successfully applied to all crystal symmetries. If a measuring technique based on a position sensitive detector is used, even multifold peak superpositions in tilted sample orientations can be resolved. The method can also be applied if some (hkl) cannot be separated experimentally.

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