Memory in Life, Lab, and Clinic: Implications for Memory Theory

1992 ◽  
pp. 232-248 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rose T. Zacks ◽  
Lynn Hasher
Keyword(s):  
Memory Theory

Religion and Memory in Tacitus' Annals

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kelly E. Shannon-Henderson
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Memory ◽  
Family Members ◽  
Religious Life ◽  
Memory Theory ◽  
State Changes ◽  
New Form ◽  
Religious Material ◽  
Over Time

This study demonstrates the importance of references to religious material in Tacitus’ Annals by analyzing them using cultural memory theory. Throughout his narrative of Julio-Claudian Rome in the Annals, Tacitus includes numerous references to the gods, fate, fortune, astrology, omens, temples, priests, emperor cult, and other religious material. Tacitus, who was not only a historian but also a member of Rome’s quindecimviral priesthood, shows a marked interest in even the most detailed rituals of Roman religious life. Yet his portrayal of religious material also suggests that the system is under threat with the advent of the principate. Traditional rituals are forgotten as the shape of the Roman state changes. Simultaneously, a new form of cultic commemoration develops as deceased emperors are deified and the living emperor and his family members are treated in increasingly worshipful ways by his subjects. The study traces the deployment of religious material throughout Tacitus’ narrative, to show how Tacitus views the development of this cultic ‘amnesia’ over time, from the reign of the cryptic, autocratic, and oddly mystical Tiberius, through Claudius’ failed attempts at reviving tradition, to the final sacrilegious disasters of the impious Nero.

Hypothesis testing in experimental and naturalistic memory research

1996 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 210-211
Author(s):  
Daniel B. Wright
Keyword(s):  
Hypothesis Testing ◽  
Everyday Memory ◽  
Memory Research ◽  
Memory Theory ◽  
Theoretical Approaches ◽  
Heated Debate

AbstractKoriat & Goldsmith's distinction between the correspondence and storehouse metaphors is valuable for both memory theory and methodology. It is questionable, however, whether this distinction underlies the heated debate about so called “everyday memory” research. The distinction between experimental and naturalistic methodologies better characterizes this debate. I compare these distinctions and discuss how the methodological distinction, between experimental and naturalistic designs, could give rise to different theoretical approaches.

Systematic spatial patterns of the sense of familiarity: Hierarchical modelling based on eye-tracking experiments

2018 ◽  
Vol 72 (4) ◽  
pp. 832-846
Author(s):  
Kiyofumi Miyoshi ◽  
Hiroshi Ashida
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Visual Field ◽  
Spatial Patterns ◽  
Stimulus Type ◽  
Spatial Configuration ◽  
Long Term Memory ◽  
Lower Visual Field ◽  
Referential Process ◽  
Memory Theory ◽  
Spatial Configurations

Using different types of stimuli, such as pictures, horizontally written Japanese words, and vertically written Japanese words, this study investigated the spatial patterns of the sense of familiarity within the visual field. The perceptual asymmetry theory predicted that stimuli in the lower visual field would be processed more fluently and would therefore be perceived as more familiar. The working memory theory, originally proposed in space–number research, envisaged type-specific spatial patterns for different stimuli. Participants made old/new recognition memory judgements for stimuli, presented at random positions, while their eye movements were recorded. The observed spatial patterns changed according to the stimulus type (e.g., “more left = older” for horizontally written words and “upper = older” for vertically written words), and this flexibility is encapsulated by the working memory theory as follows: (a) stimulus-type-specific spatial configurations are encoded in long-term memory on the basis of one’s experience (e.g., vertically written words are empirically associated with the “upper = older” spatial configuration), (b) the presentation of a stimulus automatically cues the temporal activation of the associated spatial configuration in working memory, and (c) the referential process between the stimulus and configuration unconsciously affects the viewer’s sense of familiarity.

Feasible Researches in Historical Jesus Tradition: A Critical Response to Chris Keith

2017 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-61
Author(s):  
F. Gerald Downing
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Clear Distinction ◽  
Historical Jesus ◽  
Feasible Method ◽  
Memory Theory ◽  
Critical Response ◽  
Historical Tradition

In his programmatic article, ‘The Narratives of the Gospels and the Historical Jesus: Current Debates, Prior Debates, and the Goal of Historical Jesus Research’, Chris Keith argues for a very clear distinction between two styles or types of historiography (Keith 2016). One searches ‘behind’ the gospel texts for ‘authentic’ matter; the other, according to Keith, the only ‘feasible’ method, allowing for ‘memory theory’ in particular, is to discern how ‘the tradition’ developed, and only thence generate theoretical reconstructions of a Jesus who may have originally prompted it. It is argued here that this presents an unsustainable dichotomy, for the historical tradition(s) of the first Christians also themselves ‘lie behind’ our texts, and imaginative searches for both Jesus and Jesus traditions have to proceed hand in hand.

scholarly journals Associative symmetry and memory theory

2002 ◽  
Vol 30 (6) ◽  
pp. 823-840 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael J. Kahana
Keyword(s):  
Memory Theory ◽  
Associative Symmetry

scholarly journals Frame Semantics and Translation of Intertextuality

2019 ◽  
pp. 104-120
Author(s):  
Uliana Tatsakovych
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Process ◽  
Frame Semantics ◽  
Cognitive Poetics ◽  
Conceptual Information ◽  
Dynamic Memory ◽  
Memory Theory ◽  
Psychological Theories ◽  
Visual Models ◽  
Translation Techniques

The article investigates intertextuality and its translation in the context of frame semantics and R. Schank’s dynamic memory theory. The study provides an overview of linguistic and psychological theories examining the role of frames and visualisation in conceptualising reality and discusses their application to the understanding and translation of intertextuality. The theory of dynamic memory is used to explain the nature of textual and intertextual frames and build visual models of their mappings. Based on the analysis of 70 examples of the translation of intertextuality (quotations and allusions) from M. Atwood’s novel The Handmaid’s Tale and its Ukrainian translation, six translation techniques are identified. They are outlined on the basis of the transference of linguistic elements and the conceptual information activated by them (frame mappings, mental images). The examples are compared in terms of cognitive equivalence, which is also defined within the presented approach. The study generally adopts a broader view of intertextuality as a cognitive category and translation as a cognitive process to contribute to the development of cognitive poetics and cognitive translatology.

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