Temporal Trends in Twinning

1985 ◽  
pp. 65-93 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Mark Elwood
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Trends

Twitter Usage Using Common Reference to Tinnitus

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 206-217
Author(s):  
Jianyuan Ni ◽  
Monica L. Bellon-Harn ◽  
Jiang Zhang ◽  
Yueqing Li ◽  
Vinaya Manchaiah
Keyword(s):  
Nonprofit Organizations ◽  
Temporal Trends ◽  
Temporal Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
For Profit ◽  
Common Reference ◽  
Personal Experiences ◽  
Twitter Users ◽  
Sectional Analysis ◽  
Share Information

Objective The objective of the study was to examine specific patterns of Twitter usage using common reference to tinnitus. Method The study used cross-sectional analysis of data generated from Twitter data. Twitter content, language, reach, users, accounts, temporal trends, and social networks were examined. Results Around 70,000 tweets were identified and analyzed from May to October 2018. Of the 100 most active Twitter accounts, organizations owned 52%, individuals owned 44%, and 4% of the accounts were unknown. Commercial/for-profit and nonprofit organizations were the most common organization account owners (i.e., 26% and 16%, respectively). Seven unique tweets were identified with a reach of over 400 Twitter users. The greatest reach exceeded 2,000 users. Temporal analysis identified retweet outliers (> 200 retweets per hour) that corresponded to a widely publicized event involving the response of a Twitter user to another user's joke. Content analysis indicated that Twitter is a platform that primarily functions to advocate, share personal experiences, or share information about management of tinnitus rather than to provide social support and build relationships. Conclusions Twitter accounts owned by organizations outnumbered individual accounts, and commercial/for-profit user accounts were the most frequently active organization account type. Analyses of social media use can be helpful in discovering issues of interest to the tinnitus community as well as determining which users and organizations are dominating social network conversations.

Modelling In-Patient Bed Usage Behaviour in a Department of Geriatric Medicine

1993 ◽  
Vol 32 (01) ◽  
pp. 79-81 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Millard ◽  
S. McClean
Keyword(s):  
Census Data ◽  
Geriatric Medicine ◽  
Temporal Trends ◽  
Exponential Model ◽  
Bed Occupancy ◽  
Lengths Of Stay ◽  
Geriatric Hospital ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Acute Patients

Abstract:The flow of patients through geriatric hospitals has been previously described in terms of acute and long-stay states where the bed occupancy at a census point is modelled by a mixed exponential model. Using data for sixteen years the model was fitted to successive annual census points, in order to provide a description of temporal trends. While the number of acute patients has remained fairly stable during the period, the model shows that there has been a decrease in the number of long-stay patients. Mean lengths of stay in our geriatric hospital before death or discharge have decreased during the study period for both acute and long-stay patients.Using these fits of the mixed exponential model to census data, a method is provided for predicting future turnover of patients. These predictions are reasonably good, except when the turnover patterns go through a period of flux in which assumption of stability no longer holds. Overall, a methodology is presented which relates census analysis to the behaviour of admission cohorts, thus producing a means of predicting future behaviour of patients and identifying where there is a change in patterns.

Temporal Trends of Peptic Ulcer Disease in Kashmir, India

JMS SKIMS ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 136-140
Author(s):  
G M Gulzar ◽  
Showkat A Zargar ◽  
Muzaffar Nazir ◽  
Gul Javid ◽  
Bashir A Khan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Peptic Ulcer ◽  
Peptic Ulcer Disease ◽  
Gastric Outlet Obstruction ◽  
Temporal Trends ◽  
Outlet Obstruction ◽  
Life Time ◽  
Point Prevalence ◽  
Asymptomatic Group ◽  
Ulcer Disease ◽  
Ulcer Perforation

BACKGROUND: Since late 1960s, the prevalence of peptic ulcer disease and its complications has been steadily decreasing. OBJECTIVE: To ascertain the changing trends in the prevalence and complications of peptic ulcer in Kashmir. METHODS: A cohort of 10474 people aged 15-60 years in district Baramulla of Kashmir was interviewed about symptoms, complications, and surgery related to peptic ulcer. People were enquired about smoking, use of NSAIDs, H2 Receptor antagonists, proton pump inhibitors and endoscopies. All symptomatic and randomly selected group of asymptomatic people underwent esophago-gastro-cluodenoscopy. RESULTS: In symptomatic group, 286 (41.45%) people hod peptic ulcer and in asymptomatic group 24 (5.35%) had peptic ulcer. There were 71 already diagnosed cases of peptic ulcer; totaling 381. Thirty three people had surgery for peptic ulcer. The point prevalence of peptic ulcer was 3.54% and lifetime prevalence 8.96%. The highest prevalence was in 4th decade. Bleeding was seen in 23.63%, gastric outlet obstruction 4.20%, ulcer perforation 0.52%. 9.39% of peptic ulcer patients had undergone surgery. When compared to previous study in 1985 in Kashmir, there was decrease in point prevalence of 25%, in life-time prevalence of 20.14%, Gastric outlet obstruction by 51.7%, ulcer perforation by 87%, surgery rate by 60% and bleeding by a marginal 2%. CONCLUSION: Prevalence of peptic ulcerand its complications (except bleeding) are showing downward trend in Kashmir over the last 20 years. JMS 2012;15(2):136-40

Reporting trends of p values in the neurosurgical literature

2020 ◽  
Vol 132 (2) ◽  
pp. 662-670
Author(s):  
Minh-Son To ◽  
Alistair Jukes
Keyword(s):  
Text Mining ◽  
Publication Bias ◽  
Temporal Trends ◽  
P Values ◽  
Significance Threshold

OBJECTIVEThe objective of this study was to evaluate the trends in reporting of p values in the neurosurgical literature from 1990 through 2017.METHODSAll abstracts from the Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Psychiatry (JNNP), Journal of Neurosurgery (JNS) collection (including Journal of Neurosurgery: Spine and Journal of Neurosurgery: Pediatrics), Neurosurgery (NS), and Journal of Neurotrauma (JNT) available on PubMed from 1990 through 2017 were retrieved. Automated text mining was performed to extract p values from relevant abstracts. Extracted p values were analyzed for temporal trends and characteristics.RESULTSThe search yielded 47,889 relevant abstracts. A total of 34,324 p values were detected in 11,171 abstracts. Since 1990 there has been a steady, proportionate increase in the number of abstracts containing p values. There were average absolute year-on-year increases of 1.2% (95% CI 1.1%–1.3%; p < 0.001), 0.93% (95% CI 0.75%–1.1%; p < 0.001), 0.70% (95% CI 0.57%–0.83%; p < 0.001), and 0.35% (95% CI 0.095%–0.60%; p = 0.0091) of abstracts reporting p values in JNNP, JNS, NS, and JNT, respectively. There have also been average year-on-year increases of 0.045 (95% CI 0.031–0.059; p < 0.001), 0.052 (95% CI 0.037–0.066; p < 0.001), 0.042 (95% CI 0.030–0.054; p < 0.001), and 0.041 (95% CI 0.026–0.056; p < 0.001) p values reported per abstract for these respective journals. The distribution of p values showed a positive skew and strong clustering of values at rounded decimals (i.e., 0.01, 0.02, etc.). Between 83.2% and 89.8% of all reported p values were at or below the “significance” threshold of 0.05 (i.e., p ≤ 0.05).CONCLUSIONSTrends in reporting of p values and the distribution of p values suggest publication bias remains in the neurosurgical literature.

Temporal trends in surgical procedures for pediatric hydrocephalus: an analysis of the Hydrocephalus Clinical Research Network Core Data Project

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Mandeep S. Tamber ◽  
John R. W. Kestle ◽  
Ron W. Reeder ◽  
Richard Holubkov ◽  
Jessica Alvey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Research ◽  
Temporal Trends ◽  
Patient Characteristics ◽  
Research Network ◽  
Third Ventriculostomy ◽  
Study Cohort ◽  
Core Data ◽  
Pediatric Hydrocephalus ◽  
Short Period ◽  
New Procedures

OBJECTIVEAnalysis of temporal trends in patient populations and procedure types may provide important information regarding the evolution of hydrocephalus treatment. The purpose of this study was to use the Hydrocephalus Clinical Research Network’s Core Data Project to identify meaningful trends in patient characteristics and the surgical management of pediatric hydrocephalus over a 9-year period.METHODSThe Core Data Project prospectively collected patient and procedural data on the study cohort from 9 centers between 2008 and 2016. Logistic and Poisson regression were used to test for significant temporal trends in patient characteristics and new and revision hydrocephalus procedures.RESULTSThe authors analyzed 10,149 procedures in 5541 patients. New procedures for hydrocephalus (shunt or endoscopic third ventriculostomy [ETV]) decreased by 1.5%/year (95% CI −3.1%, +0.1%). During the study period, new shunt insertions decreased by 6.5%/year (95% CI −8.3%, −4.6%), whereas new ETV procedures increased by 12.5%/year (95% CI 9.3%, 15.7%). Revision procedures for hydrocephalus (shunt or ETV) decreased by 4.2%/year (95% CI −5.2%, −3.1%), driven largely by a decrease of 5.7%/year in shunt revisions (95% CI −6.8%, −4.6%). Concomitant with the observed increase in new ETV procedures was an increase in ETV revisions (13.4%/year, 95% CI 9.6%, 17.2%). Because revisions decreased at a faster rate than new procedures, the Revision Quotient (ratio of revisions to new procedures) for the Network decreased significantly over the study period (p = 0.0363). No temporal change was observed in the age or etiology characteristics of the cohort, although the proportion of patients with one or more complex chronic conditions significantly increased over time (p = 0.0007).CONCLUSIONSOver a relatively short period, important changes in hydrocephalus care have been observed. A significant temporal decrease in revision procedures amid the backdrop of a more modest change in new procedures appears to be the most notable finding and may be indicative of an improvement in the quality of surgical care for pediatric hydrocephalus. Further studies will be directed at elucidation of the possible drivers of the observed trends.

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