Secondary Tasks and Workload Measurement

ABSTRACT Objective: Observe the workflow of nurses in hospitalization units identifying indirect care activities/interventions; measure the frequency and average time spent in performing them; and to verify the associations between average time of the activities interventions grouped into categories and per hospitalization unit. Method: Observational exploratory study using the timed technique. It was conducted in medical, surgical and specialized clinic units of a teaching hospital in the northwest of São Paulo Brazil, with 16 attending nurses as participants. Results: 90 hours of observation were performed, of which 58% (52 hours and 10 minutes) were related to indirect care activities of the patients. The most frequent activities/interventions were: "Communication" - 1,852 (44.1%), mean 34.6 (SD = 54); "Walking" - 1,023 (24.3%), mean 22 (SD = 49.2); and "Documentation" - 663 (15.8%), mean 82.7 (SD = 144.4). Conclusion: These findings favor a redesign of the work process and foster the need to update and refine the current workload measurement instruments.

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Notice of Retraction: Empirical research on workload measurement for distribution routing in logistics distribution process

2010 IEEE International Conference on Advanced Management Science(ICAMS 2010) ◽

10.1109/icams.2010.5552935 ◽

2010 ◽

Author(s):

Gu Wei ◽

Zhang Qun ◽

Zhang Chao

Keyword(s):

Empirical Research ◽

Logistics Distribution ◽

Workload Measurement ◽

Distribution Process

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The workload measurement and comparison of bank tellers: a case from Indonesia

International Journal of Productivity and Quality Management ◽

10.1504/ijpqm.2021.119763 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 34 (3) ◽

pp. 379

Author(s):

Hotniar Siringoringo ◽

E.S. Margianti ◽

Qurrota Ayyun ◽

Ikhwan Arbiyanto

Keyword(s):

Workload Measurement ◽

Bank Tellers

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Mental Workload Measurement in Air Traffic Control

Mental Workload ◽

10.1007/978-1-4757-0884-4_23 ◽

1979 ◽

pp. 381-385 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

V. D. Hopkin

Keyword(s):

Traffic Control ◽

Air Traffic Control ◽

Mental Workload ◽

Air Traffic ◽

Workload Measurement

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On-line multi-criteria based collision-free posture generation of redundant manipulator in constrained workspace

Robotica ◽

10.1017/s0263574702004204 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 20 (6) ◽

pp. 625-636 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

Jin-Liang Chen ◽

Jing-Sin Liu ◽

Wan-Chi Lee ◽

Tzu-Chen Liang

Keyword(s):

Null Space ◽

Large Degree ◽

Redundancy Resolution ◽

Secondary Tasks ◽

End Effector ◽

Robotic Arms ◽

Tracking Motion ◽

On Line ◽

Joint Limits ◽

Joint Velocity

The manipulator with a large degree of redundancy is useful for realizing multiple tasks such as maneuvering the robotic arms in the constrained workspace, e.g. the task of maneuvering the end-effector of the manipulator along a pre-specified path into a window. This paper presents an on-line technique based on a posture generation rule to compute a null-space joint velocity vector in a singularity-robust redundancy resolution method. This rule suggests that the end of each link has to track an implicit trajectory that is indirectly resulted from the constraint imposed on tracking motion of the end-effector. A proper posture can be determined by sequentially optimizing an objective function integrating multiple criteria of the orientation of each link from the end-effector toward the base link as the secondary task for redundancy resolution, by assuming one end of the link is clamped. The criteria flexibly incorporate obstacle avoidance, joint limits, preference of posture in tracking, and connection of posture to realize a compromise between the primary and secondary tasks. Furthermore, computational demanding of the posture is reduced due to the sequential link-by-link computation feature. Simulations show the effectiveness and flexibility of the proposed method in generating proper postures for the collision avoidance and the joint limits as a singularity-robust null-space projection vector in maneuvering redundant robots within constrained workspaces.

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