A Hypothetical Mechanism for Fat-Induced Rodent Hepatocarcinogenesis

1997 ◽  
pp. 127-135 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel J. Noonan ◽  
Michelle L. O’Brien
Keyword(s):  
Hypothetical Mechanism

Hypothetical mechanism of light action on nitric oxide physiological effects

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Titov Vladimir ◽  
Osipov Anatoly ◽  
Ibragimova Larisa ◽  
Petrov Vladimir ◽  
Dolgorukova Anna ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Physiological Effects ◽  
Hypothetical Mechanism

Virtual-mechanism-based analysis of cooperative manipulation

2005 ◽  
Vol 219 (3) ◽  
pp. 315-323
Author(s):  
H Liu ◽  
J S Dai ◽  
H Y Xu ◽  
H Li
Keyword(s):  
Trajectory Planning ◽  
Manipulation Planning ◽  
End Points ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Cooperative Manipulation ◽  
Hypothetical Mechanism ◽  
End Effectors ◽  
Cooperative Manipulators ◽  
Mechanism Theory

This paper proposes a new approach for analysing cooperative manipulation in which cooperative manipulators form a mechanism closure that allows a virtual-mechanism-based analysis to take place. The method is based on the geometry of manipulators during manipulation and converts the cooperative manipulation problem into the analysis of a hypothetical mechanism so that the mechanism theory can be used for the manipulation. This mechanism is hence generated by the fact that the end points (or geometric centres of respective grippers) of cooperative manipulators coincide with a virtual joint during cooperative manipulation. The analysis not only generates positions and orientations of the end effectors of cooperative manipulators but also produces corresponding link configurations that can be used for manipulation planning. The approach is further used for the orientation-based trajectory planning with two different cases. Simulations and discussions are made with respect to cooperative manipulations using two 2R manipulators and one 2R manipulators and one 3R manipulator.

Ultraviolet B induces mast cell apoptosis: a hypothetical mechanism of ultraviolet B treatment for uraemic pruritus

2002 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 167-170 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.C. Szepietowski ◽  
A. Morita ◽  
T. Tsuji
Keyword(s):  
Mast Cell ◽  
Cell Apoptosis ◽  
Ultraviolet B ◽  
Hypothetical Mechanism

VIEWPOINT. An hypothesis to explain the linkage between kakapo (Strigops habroptilus) breeding and the mast fruiting of their food trees

2008 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew E. Fidler ◽  
Stephen B. Lawrence ◽  
Kenneth P. McNatty
Keyword(s):  
Egg Yolk ◽  
Ovarian Follicles ◽  
Yolk Protein ◽  
Egg Laying ◽  
Food Plants ◽  
Mast Seeding ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Yolk Protein Genes ◽  
Hypothetical Mechanism ◽  
Future Research Directions

An important goal in the intensive conservation management of New Zealand’s critically endangered nocturnal parrot, kakapo (Strigops habroptilus), is to increase the frequency of breeding attempts. Kakapo breeding does not occur annually but rather correlates with 3–5-year cycles in ‘mast’ seeding/fruiting of kakapo food plants, most notably podocarps such as rimu (Dacrydium cupressinum). Here we advance a hypothetical mechanism for the linking of kakapo breeding with such ‘mast’ seeding/fruiting. The essence of the hypothesis is that exposure to low levels of dietary phytochemicals may, in combination with hepatic gene ‘memory’, sensitise egg yolk protein genes, expressed in female kakapo livers, to oestrogens derived from developing ovarian follicles. Only in those years when the egg yolk protein genes have been sufficiently ‘pre-sensitised’ by dietary chemicals do kakapo ovarian follicles develop to ovulation and egg-laying occurs. While speculative, this hypothesis is both physiologically and evolutionarily plausible and suggests both future research directions and relatively simple interventions that may afford conservation workers some influence over kakapo breeding frequency.

A Review of Root Causes of SCC Phenomena in BWR/RBMK: Issues, Approaches, and Proposals

2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Genn Saji
Keyword(s):  
Current Approach ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Electric Conductor ◽  
Soil Corrosion ◽  
Electrolytic Corrosion ◽  
Radiation Induced ◽  
Hypothetical Mechanism ◽  
Local Cell ◽  
Corrosive Environments ◽  
Autocatalytic Growth

The author looked for potential mechanisms deemed insignificant in the early stages of SCC research and the current approach used in SCC studies were selected. The basis for those mechanisms was in non-nuclear corrosive environments as well as analyses of redox potential data measured under radiation. Three possible mechanisms were identified; ‘long cell action (which suppresses local cell cathodic activities and accelerates remote local cell anodic activities),’ ‘autocatalytic growth of cracks in crevice water chemistry,’ and ‘transpassive corrosion of stainless steel.’ The ‘long cell action’ has been identified as a key mechanism of soil corrosion which is induced by a difference in the availability of oxygen inside the soil. In this mechanism, conduction of electrons through an electric conductor over a long distance plays a significant role. This author proposes a hypothetical mechanism that states; ‘radiation-induced ‘long cell action’ causing electrolytic corrosion.’

scholarly journals Modulation of Human Complement System by Antimicrobial Peptide Arenicin-1 from Arenicola marina

Marine Drugs ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (12) ◽  
pp. 480 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ekaterina Umnyakova ◽  
Nikolay Gorbunov ◽  
Alexander Zhakhov ◽  
Ilia Krenev ◽  
Tatiana Ovchinnikova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Peptides ◽  
Antimicrobial Peptide ◽  
Complement System ◽  
Complement Activation ◽  
Marine Invertebrates ◽  
Cytotoxic Agents ◽  
Arenicola Marina ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
Marine Polychaete ◽  
Hypothetical Mechanism

Antimicrobial peptides from marine invertebrates are known not only to act like cytotoxic agents, but they also can display some additional activities in mammalian organisms. In particular, these peptides can modulate the complement system as was described for tachyplesin, a peptide from the horseshoe crab. In this work, we investigated the influence on complement activation of the antimicrobial peptide arenicin-1 from the marine polychaete Arenicola marina. To study effects of arenicin on complement activation in human blood serum, we used hemolytic assays of two types, with antibody sensitized sheep erythrocytes and rabbit erythrocytes. Complement activation was also assessed, by the level of C3a production that was measured by ELISA. We found that the effect of arenicin depends on its concentration. At relatively low concentrations the peptide stimulates complement activation and lysis of target erythrocytes, whereas at higher concentrations arenicin acts as a complement inhibitor. A hypothetical mechanism of peptide action is proposed, suggesting its interaction with two complement proteins, C1q and C3. The results lead to the possibility of the development of new approaches for therapy of diseases connected with complement dysregulation, using peptide regulators derived from natural antimicrobial peptides of invertebrates.

scholarly journals AN UPDATE ON COAGULATING GLAND RENIN-ANGIOTENSIN-PROSTAGLANDIN SYSTEM: A NEW HYPOTHESIS ON ITS RENIN FUNCTION

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 47
Author(s):  
Pallav Sengupta
Keyword(s):  
Renin Angiotensin System ◽  
Reproductive Physiology ◽  
Angiotensin System ◽  
Renin Angiotensin ◽  
System A ◽  
Hypothetical Mechanism ◽  
Anterior Prostate ◽  
New Hypothesis ◽  
Coagulating Gland ◽  
Structural Aspects

After proper description of reproductive functions of rodent anterior prostate, coagulating gland (CG), by Moore and Gallagher in 1930, numerous papers have been published on this gland and its function in male fertility. It has also been known that it has a local renin-angiotensin system (RAS). But, the actual function of this system is not very clear, and even now-a-days, this gland is getting ignored in reproductive physiology research. Thus, this review article attempts to unearth the reproductive functions of this gland, with a hypothetical mechanism of CG renin function. We have reviewed the available literature published on this gland and correlated the fragmented information to unveil its importance. We have proposed a hypothetical mechanism (aided by self-designed schemes) of CG renin function along with its functional and structural aspects in reproductive physiology. Despite being ignored in modern research, CG has a very significant function in rodent reproduction and breeding. It has also a very significant role in regulation of local homeostasis by renin-angiotensin-prostaglandin system.Key words:laboratory rat; mice; accessory sex organs; coagulating gland; renin  

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