β-Cell Growth Mechanisms

Author(s):  
Thomas L. Jetton ◽  
Dhananjay Gupta ◽  
Mina Peshavaria
2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (18) ◽  
pp. e12863 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bethany A. Carboneau ◽  
Thao D. V. Le ◽  
Jennifer C. Dunn ◽  
Maureen Gannon
Keyword(s):  

2009 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura de Miguel-Santos ◽  
Elisa Fernández-Millán ◽  
María Ángeles Martín ◽  
Fernando Escrivá ◽  
Carmen Álvarez

Replication, neogenesis, and apoptosis play a main role in neonatal endocrine pancreas remodeling. IGFs are major contributors to β-cell growth and function and are highly sensitive to nutritional status. We previously showed that maternal malnutrition caused an increase in β-cell mass in fetuses related to the stimulation of β-cell proliferation due to increased pancreatic IGF-1. At 4 days of life, the β-cell mass was decreased in undernourished neonates and persisted until adult age. To clarify whether undernutrition disrupts islet remodeling, we quantified β-cell mass, neogenesis, replication, and apoptosis on days 4, 14, and 23. To determine the impact of food restriction on IGF ontogeny and the consequences for β-cell growth, we measured IGF-1/-2 protein content in pancreas and liver and pancreatic IGF-1 receptor (IGF-1R)-signaling pathway at the same days. Our results indicate that undernutrition alters the timing and intensity of neonatal β-cell ontogeny. However, although malnutrition causes β-cell deficiency in neonates, an active process of β-cell neogenesis and a lower incidence of β-cell apoptosis maintain the regenerative capacity of the endocrine pancreas. Interestingly, our data provide evidence that local production of IGFs seems to be instrumental in these processes. In particular, increased pancreatic IGF-2 in undernourished rats may contribute to the partial suppression of the developmental wave of β-cell apoptosis probably through the inhibition of glycogen synthase kinase-3. In addition, decreased pancreatic levels of IGFBP-1/-2/-3 in undernourished neonates could enhance IGF availability for interacting with IGF-1R/IR.


2010 ◽  
Vol 285 (28) ◽  
pp. 21292-21302 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victor S. C. Wong ◽  
Andrea Yeung ◽  
William Schultz ◽  
Patricia L. Brubaker

Endocrinology ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 141 (6) ◽  
pp. 1926-1929 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan Bonner-Weir

2010 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 178-192 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catherine E. Gleason ◽  
Yun Ning ◽  
Tara P. Cominski ◽  
Rana Gupta ◽  
Klaus H. Kaestner ◽  
...  

2010 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bangyan Stiles
Keyword(s):  

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