scholarly journals The Hydrodynamic Tail Vein Assay as a Tool for the Study of Liver Promoters and Enhancers

2013 ◽  
pp. 279-289 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mee J. Kim ◽  
Nadav Ahituv
Keyword(s):  
Tail Vein

3H-galactose and 3H-glucose incorporation into newly synthesized hepatic glycogen in control-fed rats

1986 ◽  
Vol 44 ◽  
pp. 292-293
Author(s):  
J.E. Michaels ◽  
S.A. Garfield ◽  
J.T. Hung ◽  
S.S. Smith ◽  
R.R. Cardell
Keyword(s):  
Biochemical Analysis ◽  
Glycogen Synthesis ◽  
Hepatic Glycogen ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Once Daily ◽  
Tail Vein ◽  
Tracer Dose ◽  
Glucose Incorporation ◽  
Wet Weight

3H-galactose (gal) and 3H-glucose (glu) were compared to determine which compound was preferable for pulse labeling newly formed hepatic glycogen. Control fed rats were used to achieve substantial and consistent levels of hepatic glycogen and to stimulate glycogen synthesis.Rats fed once daily for 4 hr achieved hepatic glycogen levels > 3% wet weight liver prior to injection by tail vein of a tracer dose of 3H-gal or 3H-glu. The rats were sacrificed 15-120 min later and liver was prepared by routine techniques for light (LM) and electron microscopic (EM) radioautography (RAG) and biochemical analysis.

Reduced rates of muscle protein synthesis during tail-vein infusion of rats

1984 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 700-701 ◽  
Author(s):  
VICTOR R. PREEDY ◽  
PETER J. GARLICK
Keyword(s):  
Protein Synthesis ◽  
Muscle Protein ◽  
Muscle Protein Synthesis ◽  
Tail Vein

scholarly journals Osteoclastic effects of mBMMSCs under compressive pressure during orthodontic tooth movement

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing Wang ◽  
Delong Jiao ◽  
Xiaofeng Huang ◽  
Yuxing Bai
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Normal Saline ◽  
Periodontal Ligament ◽  
Alveolar Bone ◽  
Tooth Movement ◽  
Orthodontic Tooth Movement ◽  
Mouse Bone Marrow ◽  
Micro Ct ◽  
Tail Vein

Abstract Background During orthodontic tooth movement (OTM), alveolar bone remodelling is closely related to mechanical force. It is unclear whether stem cells can affect osteoclastogenesis to promote OTM. This study aimed to investigate the role of mouse bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (mBMMSCs) under compression load in OTM. Methods A mouse OTM model was established, and GFP-labelled mBMMSCs and normal saline were injected into different groups of mice by tail vein injection. OTM distance was measured using tissue specimens and micro-computed tomography (micro-CT). The locations of mBMMSCs were traced using GFP immunohistochemistry. Haematoxylin-eosin staining, tartrate-resistant acid phosphate (TRAP) staining and immunohistochemistry of Runx2 and lipoprotein lipase were used to assess changes in the periodontal ligament during OTM. mBMMSCs under compression were co-cultured with mouse bone marrow-derived macrophages (mBMMs), and the gene expression levels of Rankl, Mmp-9, TRAP, Ctsk, Alp, Runx2, Ocn and Osterix were determined by RT-PCR. Results Ten days after mBMMSCs were injected into the tail vein of mice, the OTM distance increased from 176 (normal saline) to 298.4 μm, as determined by tissue specimen observation, and 174.2 to 302.6 μm, as determined by micro-CT metrological analysis. GFP-labelled mBMMSCs were mostly located on the compressed side of the periodontal ligament. Compared to the saline group, the number of osteoclasts in the alveolar bone increased significantly (P < 0.01) on the compressed side in the mBMMSC group. Three days after mBMMSC injection, the number of Runx2-GFP double-positive cells on the tension side was significantly higher than that on the compression side. After applying compressive force on the mBMMSCs in vitro for 2 days, RANKL expression was significantly higher than in the non-compression cells, but expression of Alp, Runx2, Ocn and Osterix was significantly decreased (P < 0.05). The numbers of osteoclasts differentiated in response to mBMMs co-cultured with mBMMSCs under pressure load and expression of osteoclast differentiation marker genes (Mmp-9, TRAP and Ctsk) were significantly higher than those in mBMMs stimulated by M-CSF alone (P < 0.05). Conclusions mBMMSCs are not only recruited to the compressed side of the periodontal ligament but can also promote osteoclastogenesis by expressing Rankl, improving the efficiency of OTM.

High Levels of Foreign Gene Expression in Hepatocytes after Tail Vein Injections of Naked Plasmid DNA

1999 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 1735-1737 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guofeng Zhang ◽  
Vladimir Budker ◽  
Jon A. Wolff
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Plasmid Dna ◽  
Foreign Gene ◽  
Foreign Gene Expression ◽  
Tail Vein ◽  
Naked Plasmid ◽  
Naked Plasmid Dna

scholarly journals Study on a Single-Dose Toxicity Test of D-Amino Acid Oxidase (DAAO) Extracts Injected into the Tail Vein of Rats

2013 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 28-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jungue Kang ◽  
Eun-Yong Lee ◽  
Bong-Keun Song ◽  
Seung-Deok Lee ◽  
Tae-Han Yook ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Single Dose ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Toxicity Test ◽  
Acid Oxidase ◽  
Amino Acid Oxidase ◽  
Tail Vein

scholarly journals A simple technique for repeated blood collection from the tail vein of the rat.

1983 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 161-163 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kazuhisa FURUHAMA ◽  
Takeshi ONODERA
Keyword(s):  
Simple Technique ◽  
Blood Collection ◽  
Tail Vein

Sa1705 The Introduction of Mast Cells by Tail Vein Injection Enhances Biliary Proliferation and Fibrosis in Cholestatic HDC−/- Mice

2015 ◽  
Vol 148 (4) ◽  
pp. S-1016
Author(s):  
Laura Hargrove ◽  
Lindsey Kennedy ◽  
Allyson B. Graf ◽  
Fanyin Meng ◽  
Jennifer Owens ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mast Cells ◽  
Tail Vein ◽  
Tail Vein Injection

Induction of Vasoactive Substances Differs in LPS-Induced and TF-Induced DIC Models in Rats

2002 ◽  
Vol 88 (10) ◽  
pp. 663-667 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariko Okudaira ◽  
Tomotaka Yoshida ◽  
Yasuo Ontachi ◽  
Masahide Yamazaki ◽  
Eriko Morishita ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Organ Dysfunction ◽  
Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation ◽  
Rat Model ◽  
Plasma Levels ◽  
Fibrinolytic Activity ◽  
Tail Vein ◽  
Vasoactive Substances ◽  
Rat Tail

SummaryWe have investigated the role of two vasoactive substances, nitric oxide (NO) and endothelin (ET), in the pathophysiology of disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC), using two types of DIC models. Experimental DIC was induced by sustained infusion of 0.1, 1, 10, or 50 mg/kg lipopolysaccharide (LPS), or 3.75 U/kg thromboplastin (TF), for 4 h via the rat tail vein. Plasma levels of both NOX (metabolites of NO) and ET were significantly increased following infusion of 0.1 mg/kg or greater of LPS in the LPS-induced DIC rat model. In contrast, although a marked increase in the plasma levels of NOX was observed, only a slight increase in plasma ET levels was seen in the TF-induced DIC rat model. No significant differences in the plasma levels of platelets or thrombin-ATIII complex were observed among the TF-induced and LPS (50 mg/dl)-induced DIC models. However, plasma NOX levels rose significantly higher in the TF-induced model, relative to the LPS-induced model (p <0.01). Conversely, plasma ET levels were significantly greater after LPS-induction, compared to TF-induction, of DIC (p <0.01). Vasoconstriction, as well as depressed fibrinolytic activity, may be additional factors leading to severe organ dysfunction in the LPS-induced DIC rat model. Moreover, vasodilatation, as well as enhanced fibrinolytic activity, may help to prevent rats from severe organ dysfunction in the TF-induced DIC model. Our results suggest that modulator of vasoactive substances should be examined in the treatment of DIC.

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