Plant-Associated Rhodococcus Species, for Better and for Worse

2019 ◽  
pp. 359-377 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isolde M. Francis ◽  
Danny Vereecke
Keyword(s):  
Rhodococcus Species

scholarly journals Responses to Ecopollutants and Pathogenization Risks of Saprotrophic Rhodococcus Species

Pathogens ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 974
Author(s):  
Irina B. Ivshina ◽  
Maria S. Kuyukina ◽  
Anastasiia V. Krivoruchko ◽  
Elena A. Tyumina
Keyword(s):  
Survival Strategies ◽  
Complex Life Cycle ◽  
Anthropogenic Pressure ◽  
Resting Cells ◽  
Organic Substrates ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Anthropogenic Pollutants ◽  
Rhodococcus Species ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Rigid Cell Wall

Under conditions of increasing environmental pollution, true saprophytes are capable of changing their survival strategies and demonstrating certain pathogenicity factors. Actinobacteria of the genus Rhodococcus, typical soil and aquatic biotope inhabitants, are characterized by high ecological plasticity and a wide range of oxidized organic substrates, including hydrocarbons and their derivatives. Their cell adaptations, such as the ability of adhering and colonizing surfaces, a complex life cycle, formation of resting cells and capsule-like structures, diauxotrophy, and a rigid cell wall, developed against the negative effects of anthropogenic pollutants are discussed and the risks of possible pathogenization of free-living saprotrophic Rhodococcus species are proposed. Due to universal adaptation features, Rhodococcus species are among the candidates, if further anthropogenic pressure increases, to move into the group of potentially pathogenic organisms with “unprofessional” parasitism, and to join an expanding list of infectious agents as facultative or occasional parasites.

Rhodococcus opacus sp.nov., An Unusual Nutritionally Versatile Rhodococcus-species

1994 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 355-360 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefan Klatte ◽  
Reiner Michael Kroppenstedt ◽  
Frederick A. Rainey
Keyword(s):  
Rhodococcus Opacus ◽  
Rhodococcus Species

Sequence of a Rhodococcus gene cluster encoding the subunits of ethanolamine ammonia-lyase and an APC-like permease

1994 ◽  
Vol 40 (5) ◽  
pp. 403-407 ◽  
Author(s):  
René De Mot ◽  
Istvan Nagy ◽  
Geert Schoofs ◽  
Jos Vanderleyden
Keyword(s):  
Open Reading Frame ◽  
Genomic Fragment ◽  
Positive Bacterium ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gene Encoding ◽  
Reading Frame ◽  
Transporter Family ◽  
Rhodococcus Species ◽  
Rhodococcus Sp

Sequence analysis of a 5173-bp genomic fragment from the nocardioform actinomycete Rhodococcus sp. strain NI86/21 revealed the presence of two genes, eutB and eutC, encoding the putative homologues of the large and small subunits of the ethanolamine ammonia-lyase, respectively, from Salmonella typhimurium. This is the first report of the characterization of these genes in a Gram-positive species. Immediately upstream of eutB, a gene encoding a putative permease of the APC (amino acids, polyamines, choline) transporter family was located. At present, no other Gram-positive members of this permease family are known. The translational coupling of these eut genes suggests an operon-like organization of the ethanolamine genes in Rhodococcus species. A truncated open reading frame downstream of eutC contained an N-terminal motif characteristic of membrane-anchored lipoproteins.Key words: nocardioform actinomycete, cobalamin, APC transporter, membrane-anchored lipoprotein, Gram-positive bacterium.

Physiology of biosurfactant synthesis by Rhodococcus species H13-A

1990 ◽  
Vol 36 (11) ◽  
pp. 741-745 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. E. Vogt Singer ◽  
W. R. Finnerty
Keyword(s):  
Growth Medium ◽  
Stationary Growth Phase ◽  
Ammonium Ion ◽  
Indigenous Plasmids ◽  
Soil Isolate ◽  
Rhodococcus Species ◽  
Glycolipid Synthesis ◽  
Nitrogen Ratio ◽  
Surface Active

The physiology of biosurfactant synthesis by a soil isolate, identified as a Rhodococcus species, is described. The biosurfactant is a surface-active glycolipid produced during the stationary growth phase of Rhodococcus species H13-A on n-alkanes and fatty alcohols in response to limiting ammonium ion concentrations. Hexadecane-grown cells produced increasing amounts of extracellular glycolipid when the carbon to nitrogen ratio (C/N) was increased from 1.7 to 3.4. The increase in extracellular glycolipid in hexadecane-grown cells correlated with a decrease in the interfacial tension of the spent growth medium to values less than 5 mN/m. Significant levels of extracellular glycolipid were not detected in the spent growth medium of cells grown on triglycerides, fatty acids, ethanol, organic acids, or carbohydrates. Rhodococcus species H13-A contains the three indigenous plasmids pMVS100, pMVS200, and pMVS300, with neither pMVS200 nor pMVS300 being involved in glycolipid synthesis or hexadecane dissimilation. The role of pMVS100 remains undetermined. Key words: biosurfactants, glycolipids, trehalose lipids, Rhodococcus.

Characterization of a Rhodococcus species that utilizes numerous aromatics

1993 ◽  
Vol 25 (6) ◽  
pp. 759-762 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.Y. Whalen ◽  
S.M. Armstrong ◽  
T.R. Patel
Keyword(s):  
Rhodococcus Species

scholarly journals Constitutive expression of catABC genes in the aniline-assimilating bacterium Rhodococcus species AN-22: production, purification, characterization and gene analysis of CatA, CatB and CatC

2005 ◽  
Vol 393 (1) ◽  
pp. 219-226 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eitaro Matsumura ◽  
Masashi Sakai ◽  
Katsuaki Hayashi ◽  
Shuichiro Murakami ◽  
Shinji Takenaka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Mass ◽  
Gene Cluster ◽  
Specific Activity ◽  
Regulatory Protein ◽  
Constitutive Expression ◽  
Amino Acid Sequences ◽  
Upstream Region ◽  
Rhodococcus Species ◽  
Cat Gene ◽  
Rhodococcus Sp

The aniline-assimilating bacterium Rhodococcus sp. AN-22 was found to constitutively synthesize CatB (cis,cis-muconate cycloisomerase) and CatC (muconolactone isomerase) in its cells growing on non-aromatic substrates, in addition to the previously reported CatA (catechol 1,2-dioxygenase). The bacterium maintained the specific activity of the three enzymes at an almost equal level during cultivation on succinate. CatB and CatC were purified to homogeneity and characterized. CatB was a monomer with a molecular mass of 44 kDa. The enzyme was activated by Mn2+, Co2+ and Mg2+. Native CatC was a homo-octamer with a molecular mass of 100 kDa. The enzyme was stable between pH 7.0 and 10.5 and was resistant to heating up to 90 °C. Genes coding for CatA, CatB and CatC were cloned and named catA, catB and catC respectively. The catABC genes were transcribed as one operon. The deduced amino acid sequences of CatA, CatB and CatC showed high identities with those from other Gram-positive micro-organisms. A regulator gene such as catR encoding a regulatory protein was not observed around the cat gene cluster of Rhodococcus sp. AN-22, but a possible relic of catR was found in the upstream region of catA. Reverse transcriptase-PCR and primer extension analyses showed that the transcriptional start site of the cat gene cluster was located 891 bp upstream of the catA initiation codon in the AN-22 strain growing on both aniline and succinate. Based on these data, we concluded that the bacterium constitutively transcribed the catABC genes and translated its mRNA into CatA, CatB and CatC.

scholarly journals Aerobic Mineralization of Trichloroethylene, Vinyl Chloride, and Aromatic Compounds by Rhodococcus Species

1994 ◽  
Vol 60 (2) ◽  
pp. 542-548 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. J. Malachowsky ◽  
T. J. Phelps ◽  
A. B. Teboli ◽  
D. E. Minnikin ◽  
D. C. White
Keyword(s):  
Vinyl Chloride ◽  
Aromatic Compounds ◽  
Rhodococcus Species
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document