Multi-party Interaction in Public Spaces: Cross-Cultural Variations in Parental and Nonparental Response to Robots’ Adaptive Strategies

2019 ◽  
pp. 145-164
Author(s):  
Saida Mussakhojayeva ◽  
Anara Sandygulova
Keyword(s):  
Adaptive Strategies ◽  
Public Spaces ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Cultural Variations

Oppositional deliberation: Toward explaining overconfidence and its cross- cultural variations

1998 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Frank Yates ◽  
Ju-Whei Lee ◽  
Hiromi Shinotsuka ◽  
Winston R. Siech
Keyword(s):  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Cultural Variations

Show your teeth or not: The role of the mouth and eyes in smiles and its cross-cultural variations

2010 ◽  
Vol 33 (6) ◽  
pp. 450-452 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chao Liu ◽  
Yue Ge ◽  
Wen-Bo Luo ◽  
Yue-Jia Luo
Keyword(s):  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Cultural Variations

AbstractPrevious studies with Westerners have found that both the mouth and eyes are crucial in identifying and interpreting smiles. We proposed that Easterners (e.g., Chinese and Japanese) evaluate the role of the mouth and eyes in smiles differently from Westerners. Individuals in collectivistic Eastern society heavily rely on information from the eyes to identify and interpret the meaning of smiles.

Respondents in Asian Cultures (e.g., Chinese) are More Risk-Seeking and More Overconfident than Respondents in Other Cultures (e.g., in United States) but the Reciprocal Predictions are in Total Opposition: How and Why?

2004 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 263-292 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shu Li ◽  
Yongqing Fang
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Social Network ◽  
Risk Taking ◽  
Risk Preferences ◽  
Risk Preference ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Cultural Variations ◽  
Risk Seeking ◽  
The Social ◽  
Predicted Risk

AbstractTriggered by rather surprising findings that respondents in Asian cultures (e.g., Chinese) are more risk-seeking and more overconfident than respondents in other cultures (e.g., in United States) and that the reciprocal predictions are in total opposition, four experiments were designed to extend previous collective-culture oriented researches. Results revealed that (1) Singapore 21, which is a vision of Singapore in the 21st century and has highlighted the promotion of a collective culture, did not advocate greater risk-seeking but led to weaker overconfidence; (2) the knowledge of "financial help from social network" did not permit prediction of risk preference but the knowledge of "the value difference between possible outcomes" did; (3) the social network could be viewed not only as a positive "cushion" but also as a negative "burden" in both gain and loss domains of risky choices; (4) the predictions of the risk-as-value, risk-as-feelings and stereotype hypotheses were not consistent with the predicted risk preferences of others but the predictions of the economic-performance hypothesis were consistent with the predicted risk preferences as well as the predicted overconfidence of others. The implications for cross-cultural variations in overconfidence and for cross-cultural variations in risk-taking were discussed.

scholarly journals Investigating Cross-Cultural Differences in the Privacy Regulation and Perception of Crowding: Northern and Yazdi Women in Iran

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (8) ◽  
pp. 117
Author(s):  
Fatemeh Mohammad Niay Gharaei ◽  
Mojtaba Rafieian
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Differences ◽  
Publishing House ◽  
Public Spaces ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Privacy Regulation ◽  
Cross Cultural Differences ◽  
Sample Test ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
International Publishing

This study investigated cross-cultural differences in the privacy regulation and perception of crowding among two Iranian sub-cultures (Yazdi and Northern women). The research methodology was designed on interview and questionnaire. A random size of 100 Yazdi and Northern women was selected in Yazd and Sari cities. Moreover, to examine the survey Chi-Square Test, Independent Sample Test and Analysis of variance (ANOVA) were conducted. The results show that Yazdi women desired more privacy in public spaces than Northern women. Regardless of culture, women’s desired and achieved privacy levels have associations with the level of perceived crowding in public spaces. These findings assist environmental designers to present strategies for achieving privacy in relation to Iranian sub-cultures.  Keywords: Privacy; Crowding; Culture; Iranian women eISSN 2514-7528 © 2018. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open-access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia. https://doi.org/10.21834/jabs.v3i8.292 

scholarly journals Social context and culture influence judgments of non-Duchenne smiles

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 309-321
Author(s):  
Shushi Namba ◽  
Magdalena Rychlowska ◽  
Anna Orlowska ◽  
Hillel Aviezer ◽  
Eva G. Krumhuber
Keyword(s):  
Contextual Information ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Cultural Variation ◽  
Contextual Influences ◽  
Basic Emotions ◽  
Cultural Variations ◽  
Emotion Displays ◽  
Positive Feelings ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Duchenne Smiles

Abstract Extant evidence points toward the role of contextual information and related cross-cultural variations in emotion perception, but most of the work to date has focused on judgments of basic emotions. The current research examines how culture and situational context affect the interpretation of emotion displays, i.e. judgments of the extent to which ambiguous smiles communicate happiness versus polite intentions. We hypothesized that smiles associated with contexts implying happiness would be judged as conveying more positive feelings compared to smiles paired with contexts implying politeness or smiles presented without context. In line with existing research on cross-cultural variation in contextual influences, we also expected these effects to be larger in Japan than in the UK. In Study 1, British participants viewed non-Duchenne smiles presented on their own or paired with background scenes implying happiness or the need to be polite. Compared to face-only stimuli, happy contexts made smiles appear more genuine, whereas polite contexts led smiles to be seen as less genuine. Study 2 replicated this result using verbal vignettes, showing a similar pattern of contextual effects among British and Japanese participants. However, while the effects of vignettes describing happy situations was comparable in both cultures, the influence of vignettes describing polite situations was stronger in Japan than the UK. Together, the findings document the importance of context information in judging smile expressions and highlight the need to investigate how culture moderates such influences.

Managing Job Stress: Cross-Cultural Variations in Adjustment

2009 ◽  
pp. 55-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph P. Eshun ◽  
Kevin J. Kelley
Keyword(s):  
Job Stress ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Cultural Variations

Cultural Variations in the Curse of Knowledge: the Curse of Knowledge Bias in Children from a Nomadic Pastoralist Culture in Kenya

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 366-384 ◽  
Author(s):  
Siba Ghrear ◽  
Maciej Chudek ◽  
Klint Fung ◽  
Sarah Mathew ◽  
Susan A. J. Birch
Keyword(s):  
East Africa ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
The Other ◽  
Cultural Variations ◽  
Nomadic Pastoralist ◽  
Curse Of Knowledge ◽  
Knowledge Bias

AbstractWe examined the universality of the curse of knowledge (i.e., the tendency to be biased by one’s knowledge when inferring other perspectives) by investigating it in a unique cross-cultural sample; a nomadic Nilo-Saharan pastoralist society in East Africa, the Turkana. Forty Turkana children were asked eight factual questions and asked to predict how widely-known those facts were among their peers. To test the effect of their knowledge, we taught children the answers to half of the questions, while the other half were unknown. Based on findings suggesting the bias’s universality, we predicted that children would estimate that more of their peers would know the answers to the questions that were taught versus the unknown questions. We also predicted that with age children would become less biased by their knowledge. In contrast, we found that only Turkana males were biased by their knowledge when inferring their peers’ perspectives, and the bias did not change with age. We discuss the implications of these findings.

scholarly journals Cross-Cultural Variations in Extreme Rejecting and Extreme Affirming Response Styles

2019 ◽  
Vol 50 (8) ◽  
pp. 955-971 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tieyuan Guo ◽  
Roy Spina
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Differences ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Response Style ◽  
Response Styles ◽  
Cultural Variation ◽  
Cultural Variations ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Country Level ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Individual

Previous research has discussed cultural differences in moderacy vs extremity response styles. The present research found that cultural differences in response styles were more complex than previously speculated. We investigated cross-cultural variations in extreme rejecting versus affirming response biases. Although research has indicated that overall Chinese have less extreme responses than Westerners, the difference may be mainly driven by extreme rejecting responses because respondents consider answering survey questions as a way of interacting with researchers, and extreme rejecting responses may disrupt harmony in relationships, which is valued more in Chinese collectivistic culture than in Western individualistic cultures. Studies 1 and 2 revealed that Chinese had less extreme rejecting response style than did British, whereas they did not differ in extreme affirming response style. Study 2 further revealed that the cross-cultural asymmetry in extreme rejecting versus affirming response styles was partially accounted for by individualism orientation at the individual level. Consistently, Study 3 revealed that at the country level, individualism was positively associated with extreme rejecting response style, but was not associated with extreme affirming response style, suggesting that individualism accounted for the asymmetric cultural variation in extreme rejecting versus affirming response styles.

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