Egg Parasitoid Production and Their Role in Controlling Insect Pests

Gene Characterization and Enzymatic Activities Related to Trehalose Metabolism of In Vitro Reared Trichogramma dendrolimi Matsumura (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) under Sustained Cold Stress

Insects ◽

10.3390/insects11110767 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 11 (11) ◽

pp. 767

Author(s):

Xin Lü ◽

Shi-chou Han ◽

Zhi-gang Li ◽

Li-ying Li ◽

Jun Li

Keyword(s):

Cold Tolerance ◽

Enzyme Activities ◽

Low Temperatures ◽

Insect Pests ◽

Egg Parasitoid ◽

Threshold Temperature ◽

Gene Expressions ◽

Gene Characterization ◽

Trichogramma Dendrolimi

Trichogramma spp. is an important egg parasitoid wasp for biocontrol of agriculture and forestry insect pests. Trehalose serves as an energy source or stress protectant for insects. To study the potential role of trehalose in cold resistance on an egg parasitoid, cDNA for trehalose-6-phosphate synthase (TPS) and soluble trehalase (TRE) from Trichogramma dendrolimi were cloned and characterized. Gene expressions and enzyme activities of TdTPS and TdTRE were determined in larvae, prepupae, pupae, and adults at sustained low temperatures, 13 °C and 16 °C. TdTPS and TdTRE expressions had similar patterns with higher levels in prepupae at 13 °C and 16 °C. TdTPS enzyme activities increased with a decrease of temperature, and TdTRE activity in prepupae decreased sharply at these two low temperatures. In vitro reared T. dendrolimi could complete entire development above 13 °C, and the development period was prolonged without cold injury. Results indicated trehalose might regulate growth and the metabolic process of cold tolerance. Moreover, 13 °C is the cold tolerance threshold temperature and the prepupal stage is a critical developmental period for in vitro reared T. dendrolimi. These findings identify a low cost, prolonged development rearing method, and the cold tolerance for T. dendrolimi, which will facilitate improved mass rearing methods for biocontrol.

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Trichogramma chilonis, an effective egg parasitoid for control of white stem borer Scirpophaga innotata (Walker), (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) in rice

Abasyn Journal Life Sciences ◽

10.34091/ajls.4.1.6 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 51-60

Author(s):

Muhammad Yousif Rahimoon ◽

Abdul Ghani Lanja ◽

Aslam Bukero ◽

Babar Hussain Chang ◽

Jamal-U-Ddin Hajano ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Insect Pests ◽

Field Studies ◽

Stem Borer ◽

Egg Parasitoid ◽

Control Agent ◽

Management Program ◽

Trichogramma Chilonis ◽

The World ◽

Parasitoid Population ◽

Lepidoptera Pyralidae

Rice an important staple food crop of the world, which is attacked by the various insect pests, among them the stem borers are the most destructive pests, distributed in all rice growing areas of the world and cause the severe losses. This research investigated the efficacy of the parasitoid Trichogramma chilonis (Ishii) to control the white stem borer (Scirpophaga innotata) in rice. In this respect the field studies were conducted in lower Sindh, Pakistan for the year, Kharif - 2017 and 2018. Trichogramma egg parasitoid over 230 species are reported to have been remained in biological control of insect pests of over 200 insect species belonging to 70 different families, mainly the order Lepidoptera, Hemiptera, Orthroptera and Thysnoptera, in order to manage the white stem borer of rice the Trichogramma chilonis (Ishii) was used as a bio-control agent. The Studies revealed that T. chilonis proved an effective biocontrol strategy against white stem borer of rice. The result of this study could be useful in an integrated pest management program for the management of white stem borer of rice the Trichogramma chilonis. Keywords: Stem borer, Biocontrol, Parasitoid, Population suppression.

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Uscana lariophaga (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae), an egg parasitoid of bruchid beetle (Coleoptera: Bruchidae) storage pests in West Africa: host-age and host-species selection

Bulletin of Entomological Research ◽

10.1017/s0007485300053256 ◽

1991 ◽

Vol 81 (1) ◽

pp. 65-76 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

A. van Huis ◽

M. G. Wijkamp ◽

P. M. Lammers ◽

C. G. M. Klein Goldewijk ◽

J. H. van Seeters ◽

...

Keyword(s):

West Africa ◽

Host Species ◽

Insect Pests ◽

Egg Parasitoid ◽

Species Selection ◽

Choice Situation ◽

Host Age ◽

Storage Pests ◽

Parasitization Rate ◽

The Difference

AbstractUscana lariophaga Steffan is an egg parasitoid of bruchid species in West Africa. The hosts are Callosobrucbus maculatus (Fabricius) and Bruchidius atrolineatus Pic, insect pests of stored cowpea. Experiments were carried out to study the selection between hosts of different ages and of different species in choice and no-choice situations. Results were obtained through parasitization studies and by direct behavioural observations. A description of the parasitization behaviour of Uscana lariophaga is given. At 30°C, C. maculatus eggs of 0–2 day old are readily accepted for parasitization, but in a choice situation the 0 day old eggs are preferred. Of the older eggs only those of 3 days old are parasitized but significantly less than those of 0–2 days. At 30°C, B. atrolineatus eggs older than 24 hours are significantly less parasitized than younger eggs also in the no-choice situation. When eggs are older than one day, the time needed for penetrating the egg increases with host age. Both bruchid species are suitable hosts for U. lariophaga. In a choice situation B. atrolineatus is the preferred host and especially so when U. lariophaga has been reared on this species. However, in a no-choice situation the highest rate of successful parasitization is obtained on hosts of the species from which they have been reared. The higher parasitization rate of C. maculatus in the field in Niger can be explained by the difference in the susceptible period between the two host species.

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Morphogenetic traits of the egg parasitoid Trichogramma for controlling certain date palms lepidopteran insect pests in the New Valley Governorate

Egyptian Journal of Biological Pest Control ◽

10.1186/s41938-018-0095-3 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 28 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Farouk A. Abdel-Galil ◽

Sara E. Mousa ◽

Moustafa M. A. Rizk ◽

Gaber H. Abo El- Hagag ◽

Abd El-Latif Hesham

Keyword(s):

Insect Pests ◽

Egg Parasitoid ◽

Date Palms ◽

Lepidopteran Insect

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Random amplified polymorphic DNA markers for DNA fingerprinting and genetic variability assessment of minute parasitic wasp species (Hymenoptera: Mymaridae and Trichogrammatidae) used in biological control programs of phytophagous insects

Genome ◽

10.1139/g93-078 ◽

1993 ◽

Vol 36 (3) ◽

pp. 580-587 ◽

Cited By ~ 77

Author(s):

Benoit S. Landry ◽

Louise Dextraze ◽

Guy Boivin

Keyword(s):

Biological Control ◽

Dna Fingerprinting ◽

Dna Markers ◽

Insect Pests ◽

Random Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽

Parasitic Wasp ◽

Egg Parasitoid ◽

Wasp Species ◽

Control Programs ◽

Traditional Taxonomy

Biological control of insects that feed on our crops has become more practical in recent years by mass release of egg parasitoid microhymenoptera. Trichogramma species are now commercially reared and spread in commercial fields to control specific insect pests. Microhymenoptera species are, however, very small and morphologically indistinguishable within species, although strains of a given species differ in their efficiency to control specific insect pests. Traditional taxonomy is unable to differentiate microhymenoptera species at the strain level. It is becoming increasingly important to develop a reliable system to monitor genetic variations both within and between strains of commercially important microhymenoptera, to detect genetic drift occurring during several generations of multiplication, to protect patents, and to certify the lots of commercially released microhymenoptera. We have developed a system based on DNA markers to rapidly characterize individuals of five species of microhymenoptera from the genus Anaphes and Trichogramma including a new species of Anaphes not previously described. The main components of our system are a rapid and simple DNA micro-extraction method and fast DNA polymorphism analyses based on random amplified polymorphic DNA markers.Key words: genetic mapping, population genetics, Anaphes spp., Trichogramma spp., RAPD, DNA markers, DNA fingerprinting.

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Contact Toxicity of Insecticides and Biopesticides to Trichogramma Chilonis Ishii. (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) under Laboratory Condition

10.21203/rs.3.rs-1091845/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Kartik S Nidagundi ◽

DN Kambrekar ◽

C. P. Mallapur

Keyword(s):

Insect Pests ◽

Egg Parasitoid ◽

Contact Toxicity ◽

Trichogramma Chilonis ◽

Lepidopteran Insect ◽

Metarhizium Rileyi ◽

Sublethal Doses ◽

The One ◽

Harmful Effects ◽

Dry Film

Abstract Integration of insecticides and biological controls is an important tactic of Integrated Pest Management (IPM). Trichogramma chilonis is a promising natural enemy of many lepidopteran insect pests. However, this hymenopteran egg parasitoid is adversely affected by most insecticides. Contact toxicity of nineteen insecticides and three biopesticides on adults of T. chilonis was investigated by using dry film residue bioassays under laboratory conditions. Profenofos and chlorpyrifos were highly lethal to the adults even at sublethal doses followed by dimethoate, spinosad, indoxacarb and acephate + imidacloprid. Diafenthiuron, nimbecidine and flubendiamide were categorised as less toxic. The biopesticides viz., Metarhizium anisopliae, Beauveria bassiana and Metarhizium rileyi were found innocuous to T. chilonis. The studysuggests that the insecticides with less toxicity and biopesticides with apparently no harmful effects on the parasitoid can be used in conjunction with parasitoids in IPM programmes. This will also advice the plant protectionists in avoiding the one with detrimental effects on this hymenopteran wasp with appropriate timing of application that controls the pests without adversely affecting their natural enemies

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Notes on the hosts of Trissolcus Ashmead (Hymenoptera: Scelionidae) from China

Biodiversity Data Journal ◽

10.3897/bdj.8.e53786 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 ◽

Author(s):

Huayan Chen ◽

Elijah Talamas ◽

Hong Pang

Keyword(s):

Biological Control ◽

Insect Pests ◽

Egg Parasitoid ◽

Parasitoid Wasps ◽

Museum Specimens ◽

Stink Bugs ◽

Biological Control Agents ◽

Trissolcus Japonicus ◽

Host Associations

Trissolcus Ashmead (Hymenoptera: Scelionidae) is a cosmopolitan genus of egg-parasitoid wasps associated with stink bugs (Pentatomidae, Scutelleridae, Urostylididae), many of which are important insect pests. Documentation of host associations for these wasps, which we here provide via museum specimens, can support their use as biological control agents of invasive stink bugs. The hosts of seven Trissolcus species are reported from China: Trissolcus cultratus (Mayr) (hosts: Hippotiscus dorsalis Stål, Pentatomidae; Urochela luteovaria Distant, Urostylididae), Trissolcus elasmuchae (Watanabe) (host: Niphe elongata (Dallas), Pentatomidae), Trissolcus japonicus (Ashmead) (hosts: Erthesina fullo (Thunberg), Pentatomidae; Rhaphigaster nebulosa (Poda), Pentatomidae), Trissolcus latisulcus (Crawford) (host: Poecilocoris latus Dallas, Scutelleridae), Trissolcus mitsukurii (Ashmead) (host: Pentatomidae), Trissolcus semistriatus (Nees von Esenbeck) (host: Eurydema sp., Scutelleridae), Trissolcus yamagishii Ryu (host: Niphe elongata (Dallas), Pentatomidae).

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