scholarly journals Trichogramma chilonis, an effective egg parasitoid for control of white stem borer Scirpophaga innotata (Walker), (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) in rice

2021 ◽  
pp. 51-60
Author(s):  
Muhammad Yousif Rahimoon ◽  
Abdul Ghani Lanja ◽  
Aslam Bukero ◽  
Babar Hussain Chang ◽  
Jamal-U-Ddin Hajano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insect Pests ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Stem Borer ◽  
Egg Parasitoid ◽  
Control Agent ◽  
Management Program ◽  
Trichogramma Chilonis ◽  
The World ◽  
Parasitoid Population ◽  
Lepidoptera Pyralidae

Rice an important staple food crop of the world, which is attacked by the various insect pests, among them the stem borers are the most destructive pests, distributed in all rice growing areas of the world and cause the severe losses. This research investigated the efficacy of the parasitoid Trichogramma chilonis (Ishii) to control the white stem borer (Scirpophaga innotata) in rice. In this respect the field studies were conducted in lower Sindh, Pakistan for the year, Kharif - 2017 and 2018. Trichogramma egg parasitoid over 230 species are reported to have been remained in biological control of insect pests of over 200 insect species belonging to 70 different families, mainly the order Lepidoptera, Hemiptera, Orthroptera and Thysnoptera, in order to manage the white stem borer of rice the Trichogramma chilonis (Ishii) was used as a bio-control agent. The Studies revealed that T. chilonis proved an effective biocontrol strategy against white stem borer of rice. The result of this study could be useful in an integrated pest management program for the management of white stem borer of rice the Trichogramma chilonis. Keywords: Stem borer, Biocontrol, Parasitoid, Population suppression.

scholarly journals Utilization of bio-control agent in management of okra pest

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Muhammad Mari ◽  
Shahnawaz Mari ◽  
Santosh Kumar ◽  
Riffat Sultana
Keyword(s):  
Insect Pests ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Maximum Level ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Control Agent ◽  
The Other ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Agriculture Research Institute ◽  
Ipm Strategy

Field studies on the efficacy of bio-control agents (lacewing and Trichograma) in the management of okra pests were carried out at the trial area of Entomology Section, Agriculture Research Institute, Tando Jam. Seeds of okra (Subz pari) were sown on 7th February 2017 in a complete randomized block design with three replications. The biocontrol agents, lacewing and Trichogramma (1300 eggs/card) each were released. Lacewing was found very effective against aphid, jassid and whitefly in the field. Aphid was found at early stage of crop and touched the maximum level in midFebruary, therefore its population decreased quickly. Jassid increased linearly and was high after 6th week of observation and then decreased subsequently till picking of the crop. On the other hand, whitefly population increased linearly till 9th week of observation and then decreased and eventually disappeared from the crop on 19th week of observation. Trichogramma was observed as a main natural enemy of spotted bollworm of okra and reduced bollworm population. The population of bollworm increased slowly till harvesting of the crop. It is concluded from the present study that both the bio-control agents successfully lowered the populations of sucking and chewing insect pests and bollworms of okra. Lacewing was found effective against sucking insect pests while Trichogram efficiently controlled bollworms and are recommended for field applications. These bio-control agents can also be incorporated in IPM strategy

De novo transcriptome analysis of the egg parasitoid Trichogramma chilonis Ishii (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae): A biological control agent

Gene Reports ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
pp. 115-129
Author(s):  
Ondara Zablon Kerima ◽  
Pathappa Niranjana ◽  
B.S. Vinay Kumar ◽  
Rajeshwari Ramachandrappa ◽  
Sharanappa Puttappa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Transcriptome Analysis ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Biological Control Agent ◽  
Egg Parasitoid ◽  
Control Agent ◽  
De Novo Transcriptome ◽  
Trichogramma Chilonis

scholarly journals Contact Toxicity of Insecticides and Biopesticides to Trichogramma Chilonis Ishii. (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) under Laboratory Condition

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kartik S Nidagundi ◽  
DN Kambrekar ◽  
C. P. Mallapur
Keyword(s):  
Insect Pests ◽  
Egg Parasitoid ◽  
Contact Toxicity ◽  
Trichogramma Chilonis ◽  
Lepidopteran Insect ◽  
Metarhizium Rileyi ◽  
Sublethal Doses ◽  
The One ◽  
Harmful Effects ◽  
Dry Film

Abstract Integration of insecticides and biological controls is an important tactic of Integrated Pest Management (IPM). Trichogramma chilonis is a promising natural enemy of many lepidopteran insect pests. However, this hymenopteran egg parasitoid is adversely affected by most insecticides. Contact toxicity of nineteen insecticides and three biopesticides on adults of T. chilonis was investigated by using dry film residue bioassays under laboratory conditions. Profenofos and chlorpyrifos were highly lethal to the adults even at sublethal doses followed by dimethoate, spinosad, indoxacarb and acephate + imidacloprid. Diafenthiuron, nimbecidine and flubendiamide were categorised as less toxic. The biopesticides viz., Metarhizium anisopliae, Beauveria bassiana and Metarhizium rileyi were found innocuous to T. chilonis. The studysuggests that the insecticides with less toxicity and biopesticides with apparently no harmful effects on the parasitoid can be used in conjunction with parasitoids in IPM programmes. This will also advice the plant protectionists in avoiding the one with detrimental effects on this hymenopteran wasp with appropriate timing of application that controls the pests without adversely affecting their natural enemies

scholarly journals Relative Abundance and Field Efficacy of Insecticides and Bio-control Agents Against Stem Borer Species in Rice (Oryza sativa L.)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Sharmitha ◽  
C. Gailce Leo Justin ◽  
S. Sheeba Joyce Roseleen
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiments ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Stem Borer ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Control Agent ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Seasonal Incidence ◽  
Yellow Stem Borer ◽  
Highly Effective

Background: In India, out of the total loss incurred by different insect pests of paddy, 25 to 30 per cent damage is done by stem borer alone. Many conventional insecticides though have been evaluated against stem borers, yet, most of the chemicals have failed to provide adequate control. Hence, the present study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of some newer molecules of insecticides and bio-control agents.Methods: Field trials were conducted to record the seasonal incidence and to evaluate the efficacy of insecticides and bio-control agents against the stem borer species in rice during Kharif and Rabi. Result: Field experiments revealed that during Kharif 2018, chlorantraniliprole 18.5 SC was highly effective with 92.98 and 91.24 per cent reduction of stem borer infestation over control at vegetative and reproductive stages, respectively and recorded a high yield of 5720 kg/ha followed by spinetoram 11.7 SC with 83.16 and 80.82 per cent reduction of stem borer over control at vegetative and reproductive stages, respectively. During Rabi 2019, spinetoram 11.7 SC was highly effective with 92.36 and 93.73 per cent reduction of stem borer infestation over control at vegetative and reproductive stages respectively and recorded a high yield of 4570 kg/ ha, followed by chlorantraniliprole 18.5 SC with 84.60 and 91.48 per cent reduction of stem borer at vegetative and reproductive stages, respectively. The difference in the efficacy of insecticides during Khaif, 2018 and Rabi, 2019, might be due to shift in the species occurrence of stem borer, with a dominant occurrence of yellow stem borer (80.61%) in Kharif 2018 and pink stem borer (70.00%) in Rabi, 2019. The bio-control agent Trichogramma japonicum exerted minimum reduction of stem borer with a low grain yield of 3946.6 kg/ha.

scholarly journals Hama Penggerek Tebu dan Perkembangan Teknik Pengendaliannya

2017 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 179
Author(s):  
Subiyakto Subiyakto
Keyword(s):  
Pest Control ◽  
Government Regulation ◽  
Crop Residues ◽  
Stem Borer ◽  
Egg Parasitoid ◽  
Control Technology ◽  
Trichogramma Chilonis ◽  
Sugarcane Pests ◽  
Sugarcane Productivity ◽  
Plant Shoots

<p>ABSTRACT<br />Effort has been made to improve sugarcane productivity, but it often confronted by pests. Pests in sugarcane caused a loss of about 10% sugar production. In sugarcane, pests that are considered to be most important are shoot borer and three types of stem borer. Until now there has been obtained control technology for reducing population of the bore pests. In fact the development of pest control technology in sugarcane is relatively slow. Pest control technology used is based on the development of sugarcane in wetland. Shifting<br />of sugarcane development to dryland should be followed by changes in pest control technology. This paper aimed to inventory the components of pest control technology available in sugarcane and following up into packets of pest control technology in dryland. Packages of pest control in sugarcane that recommended to be applied are 1) land management that focused on the returning  crop residues to the soil and planting green manure crops between rows of sugarcane to increase the diversity of arthropods, especially predators, 2) planting pest-free seed and using tolerant varieties to prevent the spread of pests in the field, 3) monitoring population dynamics of the pest in the field, 4) biological control, among others, using the egg parasitoid Trichogramma chilonis, 5) control to mechanical manner, such as by taking the egg and caterpillar and destroy it, including roges on the plant shoots attacked by shoot borers, 6) chemical control, the final act when other control methods failed to suppress pest populations, such as carbofuran, and 7) control based on government regulation/law legislation to suppress the spread of pests from one region to another.<br />Keywords: Sugarcane, sugarcane borers, symptoms of damage, crop losses, biology, control techniques, control package.<br /><br /></p><p>Abstrak</p><p>Upaya peningkatan produktivitas tanaman tebu sering terkendala oleh serangan hama. Hama pada tanaman tebu menyebabkan penurunan produksi gula sekitar 10%. Hama penting pada tanaman tebu ialah penggerek pucuk dan tiga jenis penggerek batang. Perkembangan teknologi pengendalian hama penggerek pada tanaman tebu berjalan lambat. Teknologi pengendalian hama yang digunakan masih berdasar pada pengembangan tebu di lahan sawah. Bergesernya pengembangan tebu ke lahan tadah hujan seharusnya diikuti perubahan teknologi pengendalian hama. Tulisan ini menginventarisasi komponen teknologi pengendalian hama pada tanaman tebu dan merakitnya menjadi paket teknologi pengen-dalian hama di lahan tadah hujan. Paket pengendalian hama pada tanaman tebu yang disarankan ialah 1) pengelolaan lahan, misalnya pengembalian residu tanaman ke lahan dan menanam tanaman pupuk hijau di antara barisan tanaman tebu untuk meningkatkan keragaman anthropoda terutama predator, 2) menanam benih bebas hama dan menggunakan varietas toleran untuk mencegah penyebaran hama di pertanaman, 3) memantau dinamika populasi hama di lapangan. 4) pengendalian hayati, antara lain menggunakan parasitoid telur Trichogramma chilonis, 5) pengendalian secara makanis dengan mengambil telur dan ulat dan memusnahkannya serta melakukan roges pada pucuk tanaman yang terserang hama penggerek pucuk, (6) pengendalian secara kimiawi, merupakan tindakan terakhir apabila cara pengendalian lain tidak berhasil menekan populasi hama, misalnya dengan karbofuran, dan 7) pengendalian berdasarkan peraturan pemerintah/undang-undang untuk menekan penyebaran hama dari suatu daerah ke daerah lain.<br /><br /></p>

First report of Rinamba opacicollis Cameron (Hymenoptera: Braconidae, Doryctinae) in India as parasitoid of coffee stem borer, Xylotrechus quadripes (Chevrolat) (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae)

ENTOMON ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 44 (4) ◽  
pp. 311-314
Author(s):  
A. Roobakkumar ◽  
H.G. Seetharama ◽  
P. Krishna Reddy ◽  
M.S. Uma ◽  
A. P. Ranjith
Keyword(s):  
Integrated Control ◽  
Host Record ◽  
Stem Borer ◽  
Arabica Coffee ◽  
First Report ◽  
The World ◽  
First Time

Rinamba opacicollis Cameron (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) was collected from Chikkamagaluru, Karnataka, India for the first time from the larvae of white stem borer, Xylotrechus quadripes Chevrolat infesting arabica coffee. Its role in the biological or integrated control of X. quadripes remains to be evaluated. White stem borer could be the first host record of this parasitoid all over the world.

Efficacy of some insecticide modules against major insect pests and spider population of rice, Oryza sativa L.

ENTOMON ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 43 (4) ◽  
pp. 257-262
Author(s):  
Atanu Seni ◽  
Bhimasen Naik
Keyword(s):  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Untreated Control ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Gall Midge ◽  
Stem Borer ◽  
The Other ◽  
The Third ◽  
Treated Plot

Experiments were carried out to assess some insecticide modules against major insect pests of rice. Each module consists of a basal application of carbofuran 3G @ 1 kg a.i ha-1 at 20 DAT and Rynaxypyr 20 SC @ 30 g a.i ha-1 at 45 DAT except untreated control. All modules differ with each other only in third treatment which was applied in 65 DAT. The third treatment includes: Imidacloprid 17.8 SL @ 27 g a.i ha-1, Pymetrozine 50 WG @ 150 g a.i ha-1, Triflumezopyrim 106 SC @ 27 g a.i ha-1, Buprofezin 25 SC @ 250 g a.i ha-1; Glamore (Imidacloprid 40+Ethiprole 40% w/w) 80 WG @ 100 g a.i. ha-1, Thiacloprid 24 SC @ 60 g a.i ha-1, Azadirachtin 0.03 EC @ 8 g a.i ha-1, Dinotefuran 20 SG@ 40 g a.i ha-1 and untreated control. All the treated plots recorded significantly lower percent of dead heart, white ear- head caused by stem borer and silver shoot caused by gall midge. Module with Pymetrozine 50 WG @ 150 g a.i ha-1 treated plot recorded significantly higher per cent reduction of plant hoppers (>80% over untreated control) and produced higher grain yield (50.75 qha-1) than the other modules. Among the different treated modules the maximum number of spiders was found in Azadirachtin 0.03 EC @ 8 g a.i ha-1 treated module plot followed by other treatments.

scholarly journals Efficacy of the parasitoid, Trichogrammatoidea bactrae Nagaraja (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) on the cotton leafworm, Spodoptera littoralis (Boisd.) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) egg masses

2021 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hend O. Mohamed
Keyword(s):  
Spodoptera Littoralis ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Single Layer ◽  
Control Agent ◽  
Physical Characteristics ◽  
Great Ability ◽  
Egg Masses ◽  
Cotton Leafworm ◽  
Lepidoptera Noctuidae ◽  
Trichogrammatoidea Bactrae

Abstract Background The Egyptian cotton leafworm, Spodoptera littoralis (Boisd.) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) is one of the major insect pests, causing a significant damage on different cultivated agricultural crops. Developing an alternative non-chemical tool, an effective and environmentally friendly method to suppress pest's infestation is essentially needed. Therefore, biological control by releasing the egg parasitoids could be the most promising tool for integrated pest management. Results This study was designed to evaluate the efficacy of the egg parasitoid, Trichogrammatoidea bactrae Nagaraja (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) as a bio-control agent against S. littoralis egg masses with different physical characteristics (number of egg layer and degree of scale density) in a no-choice and choice tests, under laboratory conditions. Also, the parasitoids’ fitness in terms of parasitism percentage, developmental period, adults’ emergence percentage, female offspring percentage, and longevity were investigated. The results revealed that T. bactrae wasps had a great ability to parasitize S. littoralis egg masses, but with different rates, related to their layers and scales’ thickness in both tests. The highest parasitism percentage was observed on one-layer eggs, followed by two layers. However, 3-layer eggs were the least preferable one. High numbers of adult emergencies (> 80%) were observed in all tested egg masses, except in the case of 3 layers with high scales. Furthermore, female-biased sex ratios were noticed at all examined eggs, with only the exception of high-scaly eggs with a single layer that recorded the lowest rate (≤ 45%). Besides, the survival of adult female parasitoids was not significantly affected in both tests. Conclusions T. bactrae could be used as a bio-control agent against S. littoralis egg masses with different physical characteristics based on the achieved results.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document