Large Sulfur-Oxidizing Bacteria at Gulf of Mexico Hydrocarbon Seeps

2020 ◽  
pp. 149-171
Author(s):  
Andreas Teske ◽  
Verena Carvalho
Keyword(s):  
Gulf Of Mexico ◽  
Hydrocarbon Seeps ◽  
Sulfur Oxidizing ◽  
Sulfur Oxidizing Bacteria

scholarly journals Lipid Biomarkers and Carbon Isotope Signatures of a Microbial (Beggiatoa) Mat Associated with Gas Hydrates in the Gulf of Mexico

2005 ◽  
Vol 71 (4) ◽  
pp. 2106-2112 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chuanlun L. Zhang ◽  
Zhiyong Huang ◽  
James Cantu ◽  
Richard D. Pancost ◽  
Robin L. Brigmon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Confocal Microscopy ◽  
16S Rrna ◽  
16S Rrna Gene ◽  
Gulf Of Mexico ◽  
Gas Hydrates ◽  
Lipid Biomarkers ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Sulfur Oxidizing ◽  
Sulfur Oxidizing Bacteria

ABSTRACT White and orange mats are ubiquitous on surface sediments associated with gas hydrates and cold seeps in the Gulf of Mexico. The goal of this study was to determine the predominant pathways for carbon cycling within an orange mat in Green Canyon (GC) block GC 234 in the Gulf of Mexico. Our approach incorporated laser-scanning confocal microscopy, lipid biomarkers, stable carbon isotopes, and 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Confocal microscopy showed the predominance of filamentous microorganisms (4 to 5 μm in diameter) in the mat sample, which are characteristic of Beggiatoa. The phospholipid fatty acids extracted from the mat sample were dominated by 16:1ω7c/t (67%), 18:1ω7c (17%), and 16:0 (8%), which are consistent with lipid profiles of known sulfur-oxidizing bacteria, including Beggiatoa. These results are supported by the 16S rRNA gene analysis of the mat material, which yielded sequences that are all related to the vacuolated sulfur-oxidizing bacteria, including Beggiatoa, Thioploca, and Thiomargarita. The δ13C value of total biomass was −28.6‰; those of individual fatty acids were −29.4 to −33.7‰. These values suggested heterotrophic growth of Beggiatoa on organic substrates that may have δ13C values characteristic of crude oil or on their by-products from microbial degradation. This study demonstrated that integrating lipid biomarkers, stable isotopes, and molecular DNA could enhance our understanding of the metabolic functions of Beggiatoa mats in sulfide-rich marine sediments associated with gas hydrates in the Gulf of Mexico and other locations.

Effects of activated carbon on treatment of photo-processing waste by sulfur-oxidizing bacteria

1997 ◽  
Vol 35 (7) ◽  
pp. 187-195 ◽  
Author(s):  
Binle Lin ◽  
K. Futono ◽  
A. Yokoi ◽  
M. Hosomi ◽  
A. Murakami
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Treatment Effectiveness ◽  
Environmental Concern ◽  
Type Systems ◽  
Continuous Treatment ◽  
Processing Waste ◽  
Treatment Technology ◽  
Adsorption Effect ◽  
Sulfur Oxidizing ◽  
Sulfur Oxidizing Bacteria

Establishing economic treatment technology for safe disposal of photo-processing waste (PW) has most recently become an urgent environmental concern. This paper describes a new biological treatment process for PW using sulfur-oxidizing bacteria (SOB) in conjunction with activated carbon (AC). Batch-type acclimation and adsorption experiments using SOB/PAC, SOB/PNAC, and SOB reactor type systems demonstrated that AC effectively adsorbs the toxic/refractory compounds which inhibit thiosulfate oxidization of SOB in PW. Thus, to further clarify the effect of AC, we performed a long-term (≈ 160 d) continuous-treatment experiment on 4- to 8-times dilution of PW using a SOB/GAC system which simulated a typical wastewater treatment system based on an aerobic activated sludge process that primarily uses acclimated SOB. The thiosulfate load and hydraulic retention time (HRT) were fixed during treatment such that they ranged from 0.8-3.7 kg S2O32-/l/d and 7.7-1.9 d, respectively. As expected, continuous treatment led to breakthrough of the adsorption effect of GAC. Renewing the GAC and continuing treatment for about 10 d demonstrated good treatment effectiveness.

scholarly journals Sulfur bacteria promote dissolution of authigenic carbonates at marine methane seeps

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dalton J. Leprich ◽  
Beverly E. Flood ◽  
Peter R. Schroedl ◽  
Elizabeth Ricci ◽  
Jeffery J. Marlow ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbonate Rocks ◽  
Sulfur Oxidation ◽  
Methane Seeps ◽  
Etch Pits ◽  
Active Dissolution ◽  
Authigenic Carbonates ◽  
Sulfur Bacteria ◽  
Sulfur Oxidizing ◽  
Sulfur Oxidizing Bacteria

AbstractCarbonate rocks at marine methane seeps are commonly colonized by sulfur-oxidizing bacteria that co-occur with etch pits that suggest active dissolution. We show that sulfur-oxidizing bacteria are abundant on the surface of an exemplar seep carbonate collected from Del Mar East Methane Seep Field, USA. We then used bioreactors containing aragonite mineral coupons that simulate certain seep conditions to investigate plausible in situ rates of carbonate dissolution associated with sulfur-oxidizing bacteria. Bioreactors inoculated with a sulfur-oxidizing bacterial strain, Celeribacter baekdonensis LH4, growing on aragonite coupons induced dissolution rates in sulfidic, heterotrophic, and abiotic conditions of 1773.97 (±324.35), 152.81 (±123.27), and 272.99 (±249.96) μmol CaCO3 • cm−2 • yr−1, respectively. Steep gradients in pH were also measured within carbonate-attached biofilms using pH-sensitive fluorophores. Together, these results show that the production of acidic microenvironments in biofilms of sulfur-oxidizing bacteria are capable of dissolving carbonate rocks, even under well-buffered marine conditions. Our results support the hypothesis that authigenic carbonate rock dissolution driven by lithotrophic sulfur-oxidation constitutes a previously unknown carbon flux from the rock reservoir to the ocean and atmosphere.

Extracting copper and cobalt from non-ferrous residues by iron- and sulfur-oxidizing bacteria

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jianxing Sun ◽  
Wenxian Liu ◽  
Ruichang Tang ◽  
Haina Cheng ◽  
Ronghui Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sulfur Oxidizing ◽  
Sulfur Oxidizing Bacteria

scholarly journals A direct contact bioassay using sulfur-oxidizing bacteria (SOB) for toxicity assessment of contaminated field soils

Chemosphere ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 131599
Author(s):  
Ebenezer Ashun ◽  
Umair Ali Toor ◽  
Hyuck Soo Kim ◽  
Kwon-Rae Kim ◽  
Se Jin Park ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Direct Contact ◽  
Toxicity Assessment ◽  
Field Soils ◽  
Sulfur Oxidizing ◽  
Contact Bioassay ◽  
Contaminated Field ◽  
Sulfur Oxidizing Bacteria

Granulation of sulfur-oxidizing bacteria for autotrophic denitrification

2016 ◽  
Vol 104 ◽  
pp. 507-519 ◽  
Author(s):  
Weiming Yang ◽  
Hui Lu ◽  
Samir K. Khanal ◽  
Qing Zhao ◽  
Liao Meng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Autotrophic Denitrification ◽  
Sulfur Oxidizing ◽  
Sulfur Oxidizing Bacteria
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