Public Health Informatics and Information Systems

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Information Systems ◽  
Health Informatics ◽  
Public Health Informatics

scholarly journals Understanding the use of geographical information systems (GIS) in health informatics research: A review

2017 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 228 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicola Shaw ◽  
Suzanne McGuire
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Information Systems ◽  
Medical Informatics ◽  
Health Research ◽  
Health Informatics ◽  
Geographical Information Systems ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
Public Health Informatics ◽  
Quality Of Data ◽  
Gis Technologies

Background: The purpose of this literature review is to understand geographical information systems (GIS) and how they can be applied to public health informatics, medical informatics, and epidemiology.Method: Relevant papers that reflected the use of geographical information systems (GIS) in health research were identified from four academic databases: Academic Search Complete, BioMed Central, PubMed Central, and Scholars Portal, as well as Google Scholar. The search strategy used was to identify articles with “geographic information systems”, “GIS”, “public health”, “medical informatics”, “epidemiology”, and “health geography” as main subject headings or text words in titles and abstracts. Papers published between 1997 and 2014 were considered and a total of 39 articles were included to inform the authors on the use of GIS technologies in health informatics research.Results: The main applications of GIS in health informatics and epidemiology include disease surveillance, health risk analysis, health access and planning, and community health profiling. GIS technologies can significantly improve quality and efficiency in health research as substantial connections can be made between a population’s health and their geographical location.Conclusions: Gains in health informatics can be made when GIS are applied through research, however, improvements need to occur in the quantity and quality of data input for these systems to ensure better geographical health maps are used so that proper conclusions between public health and environmental factors may be made.

scholarly journals Applied Public Health Informatics: An eHealth Discipline Focused on Populations

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian Edward Dixon
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Information Systems ◽  
Health Information ◽  
Population Health ◽  
Health Informatics ◽  
Population Level ◽  
Health Information Systems ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Public Health Informatics ◽  
Public Health Information

The discipline of public health informatics, part of the broader eHealth field, brings methods, knowledge, and theories from computer science and information science to support population health and well-being. This branch of informatics is most often found in governmental public health agencies that focus on population-level activities, including surveillance of disease as well as disease prevention. There are several specialised public health information systems used to prevent or mitigate disease, including syndromic surveillance, electronic laboratory reporting, and population health dashboards. This article defines and describes public health informatics and its role in eHealth. The article further discusses the role of public health information systems and challenges they face for the future. Strengthening public health will require greater investment in interoperability as well as analytics and the workforce. Disease outbreaks like COVID-19, Ebola, and H1N1 demonstrate the need for robust public health informatics applications and methods. Yet there is much work to be done to evolve existing tools and methods to strengthen the public health infrastructure for the next pandemic.

scholarly journals Public Health and Epidemiology Informatics: Recent Research and Trends in the United States

2015 ◽  
Vol 24 (01) ◽  
pp. 199-206 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. E. Dixon ◽  
H. Kharrazi ◽  
H. P. Lehmann
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Workforce Development ◽  
Health Informatics ◽  
English Language ◽  
Health Management ◽  
Public Health Practice ◽  
The United States ◽  
Public Health Workforce ◽  
Public Health Informatics ◽  
Essential Services

Summary Objectives: To survey advances in public health and epidemiology informatics over the past three years. Methods: We conducted a review of English-language research works conducted in the domain of public health informatics (PHI), and published in MEDLINE between January 2012 and December 2014, where information and communication technology (ICT) was a primary subject, or a main component of the study methodology. Selected articles were synthesized using a thematic analysis using the Essential Services of Public Health as a typology. Results: Based on themes that emerged, we organized the advances into a model where applications that support the Essential Services are, in turn, supported by a socio-technical infrastructure that relies on government policies and ethical principles. That infrastructure, in turn, depends upon education and training of the public health workforce, development that creates novel or adapts existing infrastructure, and research that evaluates the success of the infrastructure. Finally, the persistence and growth of infrastructure depends on financial sustainability. Conclusions: Public health informatics is a field that is growing in breadth, depth, and complexity. Several Essential Services have benefited from informatics, notably, “Monitor Health,” “Diagnose & Investigate,” and “Evaluate.” Yet many Essential Services still have not yet benefited from advances such as maturing electronic health record systems, interoperability amongst health information systems, analytics for population health management, use of social media among consumers, and educational certification in clinical informatics. There is much work to be done to further advance the science of PHI as well as its impact on public health practice.

Public Health Informatics in High Population States: New York and Ohio

2013 ◽  
pp. 531-554
Author(s):  
Geraldine S. Johnson ◽  
Guthrie S. Birkhead ◽  
Rachel Block ◽  
Shannon Kelley ◽  
James Coates ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
New York ◽  
Health Informatics ◽  
High Population ◽  
Public Health Informatics
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